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Maribel Abadias Isabel Alegre Josep Usall Rosario Torres Inmaculada Viñas 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(3):289-297
The risk of undesirable by-products from chlorine disinfection in fresh-cut industries, together with its limited efficacy, has led to a search for alternative agents. The aim of this study was to test several alternative putative antimicrobial substances to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. populations on fresh-cut apple. Carvacrol, vanillin, peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, N-acetyl-l-cysteine and Citrox were selected for their results in in vitro assays against E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria spp., to be tested on fresh-cut apple plugs. Apple flesh was inoculated by dipping in a suspension of a mix of the studied pathogens at 106 cfu mL?1, and then treated with the antimicrobial substances. All treatments were compared to deionized water and a standard sodium hypochlorite treatment (SH, 100 mg L?1, pH 6.5). Pathogen population on apple plugs was monitored for up to 6 days at 10 °C. Bacterial reductions obtained by peroxyacetic acid (80 and 120 mg L?1), vanillin (12 g L?1), hydrogen peroxide (5, 10, 20 mL L?1) and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (5 and 10 g L?1) were similar or higher than reduction obtained by SH. In addition, bacterial populations were maintained at low levels throughout storage. No cells of any of the pathogens were detected in the peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, Citrox and SH washing solutions after apple treatment. Peroxyacetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and N-acetyl-l-cysteine could be potential disinfectants for the fresh-cut industry as an alternative to chlorine disinfection. However, their effect on sensory quality and effectiveness under commercial processing conditions should be evaluated. 相似文献
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Isabel Oliveira Cosentino Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro Felipe Seabra Cardoso Leal Lucas de Figueiredo Cardoso Barbosa Fernanda Martins Gonçalves Gabriel Feliciano Felizardo Marina Monteiro Netto Felipe Zandonadi Brandão 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(11):1655-1659
This study aimed to evaluate the exogenous progesterone (P4) effect on the luteal function from Day 16 to Day 21 of the oestrous cycle in inseminated goats with unknown pregnancy status. A total of 54 does passed through a short progestin-based synchronization protocol and, on Day 16 of the following oestrous cycle, 27 does received a new P4 device which was retained until Day 21. Blood samples were collected daily from all does during this period, as well as on Day 24. Pregnancy diagnoses were performed on Day 30. Serum P4 values from 26 animals (GNPSP: Group of non-pregnant does with second sponge: n = 8; GNPNSP: Group of non-pregnant does without second sponge: n = 6; GPSP: Group of pregnant does with second sponge: n = 5; GPNSP: Group of pregnant does without second sponge: n = 7) were determined by radioimmunoassay commercial kits. No P4 differences were found between groups (GNPSP: 3.1 ± 2.8; 1.7 ± 1.8; 0.4 ± 1.0; and 0.0 ± 0.0 vs. GNPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.8; 3.0 ± 2.2; 0.8 ± 0.8; and 0.0 ± 0.0 or GPSP: 4.2 ± 1.0; 3.4 ± 0.6; 3.3 ± 1.6; 3.2 ± 0.9; 3.6 ± 1.2; 3.5 ± 1.3; 2.7 ± 1.3 vs. GPNSP: 4.4 ± 1.6; 3.6 ± 1.5; 3.7 ± 1.5; 3.8 ± 1.4; 3.2 ± 1.2; 3.1 ± 1.2; 3.6 ± 1.1; D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D24, respectively) or for the interaction of group and time. In conclusion, a second progestogen device had no effect on luteolysis or early pregnancy in the following oestrous cycle. 相似文献
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Myrian Megumy Tsunokawa Hidalgo Ana Beatriz Marques de Almeida Fábio Lucas Zito de Moraes Rodrigo Yudi Palhaci Marubayashi Fabiana Ferreira de Souza Thales Ricardo Rigo Barreiros Maria Isabel Mello Martins 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(8):1117-1127
This study aimed to study the characteristics and subpopulations of spermatozoa from bulls with low and high reproductive performance based on pregnancy rates. Based on historical records of pregnancy rate from four farms, 24 bulls were selected. Two groups were established, with low pregnancy rates (n = 12; LOW), including bulls that presented pregnancy rates <52.27% (33.33% to 51.81%); and a group with high pregnancy rates (n = 12; HIGH), with pregnancy rates >52.27% (52.27% to 69.64%), after fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). The thawed sperm straws were analysed to sperm kinetics, morphology, plasma membrane integrity and sperm subpopulations. The LOW group exhibited a higher proportion of static cells (p < .05). In contrast, the HIGH group showed greater percentages for membrane integrity and total and progressive motility, and cells with fast and medium velocity (p < .05). In the cluster procedures, four sperm subpopulations were established. The low-fertility bulls presented the highest percentage of subpopulation 2 (41.46%), characterized by slow and progressive spermatozoa. The high-fertility bulls exhibited the highest percentage of subpopulation 3 (37.17%), characterized by fast and nonlinear spermatozoa. Results from this study indicated that bulls with greater percentages of fast and nonlinear spermatozoa seem to have greater fertilization capacity and the subpopulations analysis can be considered a tool to identify ejaculates with high fertility. 相似文献
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Infectious bronchitis virus CA99 serotype was isolated from several broiler flocks in Northern California. The virus caused late-onset respiratory disease and increased airsacculitis condemnation in affected flocks despite the use of an established infectious bronchitis virus vaccination program. An experimental study compared Holland/Arkansas and Massachusetts/Arkansas vaccination protocols to determine the efficacy of commercial infectious bronchitis virus vaccines in reducing respiratory disease and airsacculitis lesions found at processing that were associated with a CA99 field isolate. All vaccination groups were given Massachusetts/Connecticut strains of infectious bronchitis virus vaccines at age 1 day followed by vaccination with either Holland/ Arkansas or Massachusetts/Arkansas vaccine strains at 18 days of age. Birds were challenged at age 31 days with a CA99 field isolate. Gross pathology, histopathology, and virus isolation were evaluated. Chickens vaccinated with Holland/Arkansas had marginally better protection against CA99 challenge than chickens vaccinated with Massachusetts/Arkansas, although differences were not statistically significant. 相似文献
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Molecular and serologic characterization, pathogenicity, and protection studies with infectious bronchitis virus field isolates from California 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
In this study, we characterized three variant infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains isolated in 2003 and 2004 from broiler chickens in California and compared them to previously isolated California variant viruses and to common vaccine serotypes used in the United States. We conducted genetic, serologic, and pathogenicity studies on all three isolates, then tested different vaccines against one of the viruses. Genetically the three variant IBV strains, designated CA557/03, CA706/03, and CA1737/04, were not related to each other. GenBank BLAST database search and phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable region of the S1 subunit of the spike gene to determine the most closely related viruses to the three variants showed the CA557/03 variant to be 81.8% similar to the CAV/CA56b/91 whereas the CA706/03 and CA1737/04 variant viruses were only distantly related to Dutch/D1466/81 (72.2%), a vaccine strain used in Europe, and Korea/K142/02 (72.7%), a Korean field isolate, respectively. Cross virus-neutralization testing showed that none of the 2003-04 California IBV variant viruses were serologically related to each other or to Ark, Conn, or Mass vaccine strains. In addition the CA1737/04 isolate was also tested against DE072 and found not to be serologically related. All three variant viruses were pathogenic in 1-wk-old broilers and vaccination with Mass/Conn followed by Holland/Conn provided 80% protection against the CA1737/04 virus. The 2003-04 California variant viruses were not compared with variants isolated in California during 1970s and 1980s because, to our knowledge, no genetic information is available and those viruses are no longer obtainable. This study shows that the CA557/03 virus was distantly related to the CAV-type viruses isolated in California in the early 1990s, but that none of the 2003-04 viruses were similar genetically or serologically to the CAL99-type viruses, indicating that new IBV variants continue to emerge and cause disease in commercial chickens in California. 相似文献
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Isabel GARRIDO Carmen M. MARTNEZ Pilar FLORES Pilar HELLN Fulgencio CONTRERAS Jos FENOLL 《土壤圈》2024,34(3):641-651
Agriculture has a close relationship with nature, but it can also be the source of negative and permanent environmental effects. The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is a common practice, but their side effects on the environment cannot be disregarded. In this study, we evaluated a combination of solarization and ozonation techniques for the elimination of six amide pesticides (boscalid, chlorantraniliprole, cyflufenamid, fluopyram, napropamide, and propyzamide) in soil. Initial experiments were performed with four different soils to assess the efficiency of this methodology at different soil temperatures and ozone dosages under laboratory conditions, and then a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions during summer. Fifty days after the onset of the experiments, higher degradation percentages of amide pesticides were observed in ozonized soils than in other treated soils, particularly when ozone was applied at 10 cm soil depth. The results show that the utilization of ozonation, along with solarization, represents a valid method for degrading residues of the studied pesticides and suggest that this combined technology may be a promising tool for remediating pesticide-polluted soils. 相似文献