Investigation of Cervical Patency and Uterine Appearance in Domestic Cats by Fluoroscopy and Scintigraphy

The cervical patency of six domestic female cats was monitored under sedation by infusion of contrast medium (Omnipaque) into the cranial vagina during early oestrus, mid‐oestrus, late oestrus and interoestrus or a radiopharmaceutical (^99mTc‐HSA) during mid‐ and interoestrus in a non‐ovulatory oestrous cycle. The transport of the contrast medium or the radiopharmaceutical through the cervix and within the uterine horns was observed under fluoroscopy and with the aid of scintigraphy. In three of the queens, transcervical transport of contrast medium was demonstrated in all stages of oestrus, in one queen during mid‐oestrus, late oestrus and 1 day after oestrus, and in two queens only during late oestrus. The relations between the cervical patency to the contrast medium and the oestrous behaviour, cornification of the vaginal cells and the serum oestradiol‐17β concentration were evaluated, and a relationship was found between the cervical patency and the degree of vaginal cornification. Transcervical transport of the radiopharmaceutical was observed in three queens during mid‐oestrus. When the cervix was open, hysterography under a fluoroscope and hysteroscintigraphy were performed. The fluoroscopic and scintigraphic recordings revealed the patterns of the uterine contractions during oestrus in both ascending and descending directions, and the movement of the uterine contents back and forth between the uterine horns. The hysterograms were classified according to the shape of the uterine horns and the appearance of the endometrial lining. Spiral‐shaped uterine horns with a smooth inner contour were observed in two queens, and a corkscrew appearance with irregular filling defects in the uterine lumen was shown in two queens that had developed subclinical cystic endometrial hyperplasia. These findings demonstrated that fluids or particles deposited in the cranial vagina of the cat can be transported into the uterus during some stages of the oestrous cycle. The fluoroscopic and scintigraphic techniques developed in this study may be further modified to permit more detailed studies of uterine contractile patterns and sperm transport in the feline female reproductive tract. Hysterography proved useful to diagnose uterine disease. The information on cervical patency is of value also for the development of techniques for artificial insemination in this species, and should be studied also in the ovulatory cycle.     

Reproductive roles predict sexual dimorphism in internal and external morphology of lake whitefish,Coregonus clupeaformis

Abstract – The different reproductive roles of the sexes can predict the direction and magnitude of sexual dimorphism of external and internal morphology. Males should have enlarged structures that enhance the acquisition of mating opportunities, whereas females are predicted to have enlarged organs that are associated with the production of eggs. We tested these predictions in male and female lake whitefish, a species in which both sexes have similar overall body size and shape. After controlling for body size, male lake whitefish had significantly longer jaws and pectoral and pelvic fins, larger hearts, and more muscle than females. Sexual dimorphism in relative muscle mass may be one of the most fundamental morphological differences between males and females. Females had relatively heavier livers than males. Because the liver is important for the breakdown of fats and vitellogenesis, selection should favour an enlarged liver in females for the processing of energy and the production of large numbers of eggs.     

对拉巴汽车雨刮间歇继电器的测试与研究

对匈牙利的拉巴(RA′BA)重型汽车所采用的西德Bosch公司生产的雨刮系统间歇继电器作了各种档位、喷水与不喷水等多种工况的测试;发现了几个新问题,根据试验结果分析原理;引出故障诊断的思路。     

深基坑锻锤基础冬期施工

在冬期施工，对于土方开挖、钢筋绑扎、人员的通行、砼的浇铸、砼的温度控制，基坑的保温等都带来一定困难，为此提出了深基坑锻锤基础才是最佳实践应用。     

西北太平洋公海柔鱼和日本爪乌贼个体发育期营养生态位变化分析

为了更好的了解柔鱼和日本爪乌贼个体发育期营养生态位变化,根据2021-2022年“淞航”号渔业资源调查船所采集36尾柔鱼和30尾日本爪乌贼样本,对其眼睛晶体进行了碳氮稳定同位素分析。结果表明：柔鱼个体δ13C、δ15N值变化幅度分别为0.10‰-1.68‰、0.79‰-7.51‰;日本爪乌贼个体δ13C、δ15N值变化幅度分别为0.15‰-1.20‰、0.81‰-7.05‰。柔鱼、日本爪乌贼生态位面积变化范围分别为0.40‰2-5.85‰2、0.27‰2-5.36‰2。GAM模型分析显示：柔鱼眼睛晶体δ13C、δ15N与晶体直径均具有显著的相关性（P<0.01）,偏差解释率分别为31.9%和34.3%。日本爪乌贼眼睛晶体δ13C、δ15N与晶体直径均具有显著的相关性（P<0.01）,偏差解释率分别为12.9%和19.4%。分析认为,个体营养生态位的变化幅度较大,侧面反映了西北太平洋黑潮-亲潮过渡区同位素基线值变化幅度较大;该海域的柔鱼、日本爪乌贼个体摄食水平存在很大差异;个体发育和基线值是影响组织δ13C、δ15N值的因素。     

长吻帆蜥鱼作为生物采集器探究海洋中深层生物微塑料污染特征

海洋中深层生物作为链接海洋上层与深层食物网的媒介,对维系大洋生态系统结构和功能的稳定有着不可替代的重要作用。由于样品采集的困难性,针对中深层生物微塑料污染研究十分缺乏。长吻帆蜥鱼(Alepisaurus ferox)具有特殊的消化机制,是优秀的生物采集器。本研究利用激光红外成像光谱技术,量化分析了长吻帆蜥鱼胃中保存的中深层物种体内微塑料的丰度和理化特征。共采集中深层鱼类和头足类7种,其肠道中检测出微塑料146个,检出率85.71%,丰度为10.43 ± 12.12个/尾, 粒径为20.34~309.89 μm(47.36 μm ± 43.41 μm)。微塑料以颗粒状(59.58%)和碎片状(36.30%)为主,聚合物成分主要是丙烯酸酯共聚物(Acrylate copolymer),占比60.27%。本研究首次证明了长吻帆蜥鱼作为生物采集器开展海洋中深层生物微塑料污染研究的可行性,研究结果对解析大洋生态系统微塑料污染及其潜在生态风险具有重要意义。     

上海水牛生理生化指标的测定和分析

为研究上海水牛生理生化指标含量,选取精神良好、健康的上海水牛犊牛(1岁内)、青年牛(1-2岁)、成年牛(3岁以上),测定了生理指标、血液生理生化指标含量。结果显示,上海水牛的体重随月龄的增加显著增加(P＜0.05),而呼吸频率、心率无显著差异(P＞0.05)。在检测的22项血液生理指标含量中,有10项指标(平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、淋巴细胞百分比(%LYM)、单核细胞百分比(%MONO)、中性粒细胞百分比(%NEU)、嗜酸性粒细胞百分比(%EOS)、淋巴细胞(LYM)、单核细胞(MONO))含量差异显著(P＜0.05),其余12项指标(红细胞(RBC)、红细胞比容(HCT)、血红蛋白(HGB)、网织红细胞百分比(%RETIC)、网织红细胞(RETIC)、白细胞(WBC)、嗜碱性粒细胞百分比(%BASO)、中性粒细胞(NEU)、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、嗜碱性粒细胞(BASO)、血小板(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT))含量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。在检测的18项血液生化指标含量中,有9项指标(血糖(GLU)、肌酐(CREA)、磷离子(PHOS)、钙离子(Ca)、总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLOB)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、胆固醇(CHOL)、胰淀粉酶(AMYL))含量差异显著(P＜0.05),其余9项指标(尿素(UREA)、血尿素氮/肌酐比(BUN/CREA)、白蛋白(ALB)、白蛋白/球蛋白比(ALB/GLOB)、碱性磷酸酶(ALKP)、谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、甘油三酯(TRIG)、脂肪酶(LIPA))含量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。该研究可为上海水牛的选种选育、生长发育评估、营养状况评估、疾病诊断等提供参考。     

水稻谷粒的挤压力学性能研究

水稻谷粒的损伤与破碎除与其所受内、外力的作用有关,还与其本身的力学性能有关。通过对水稻谷粒的挤压力学试验,测得了其力-位移曲线,分析了水稻谷粒的挤压破碎过程。破坏力和破坏能是水稻谷粒力学特性的两个重要指标。试验研究了稻谷的品种、成熟程度、后熟作用和谷壳对水稻谷粒力学性能的影响。比较了有壳、无壳谷粒的破坏力与破坏能,分析了谷壳对谷粒力-位移曲线及刚度的影响。指出谷壳在降低谷粒收获、加工、储运中的损伤程度具有重要作用。     

变杆长/变扭角空间机构的位置分析

针对某些工程由于受机构固定构件的限制而难以完成的问题,给出了一种新型空间机构,该机构能够在工作中改变某个参数的运动规律而实现所需的特殊空间轨迹。利用向量回转法建立了该空间机构睁数学模型,调用Matlab函数分别对变杆长RRRSR—l2机构和变扭角RRRSR-α1,机构进行了位置分析,解出并利用绘图函数表达了两机构同一杆上同一点的轨迹曲线,并进行了分析比较。     

XTD469Q型微型车发动机设计与试验

研制开发了新一代强化集成型微车用XTD469Q型电控四气门汽油机,阐述了该机型设计的结构特点和研发技术,并对样机进行了台架可靠性试验。结果表明,XTD469Q型汽油机总体结构的集成强化型设计技术,以及冷却系统、润滑系统和正时传动系统的研发技术,保证了发动机工作的可靠性,提高了其使用寿命。而对换气系统和燃烧系统的优化设计,以及采用机外净化技术,使该机的排放指标得到了进一步优化。