植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ对实验性动物高胆固醇血症影响的研究

在建立试验用高胆固醇血症大鼠模型的基础上,观察用植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ制成的三个不同剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳对大鼠血脂水平的影响。动物实验表明:三个剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳均可显蓍降低大鼠血清胆固醇(TC)的含量(P<0.01),但对甘油三酯(TG)的降低作用不显著(P>0.05)。高剂量的ST-Ⅲ活性乳可显著提高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)含量(P<0.01)。因此认为ST-Ⅲ活性乳具有辅助降血脂的功能,特别对高胆固醇血症具有良好的功效。     

广东鹤山、东莞莲花山小蛾类（Ⅰ）

对广东省鹤山和东莞莲花山自然保护区的小蛾类昆虫进行调查，计有8科35属43种。其中广东新记录种14种。     

玉米群体辐射传输特征

实验观测分析了玉米群体总辐射的透过率、截获率、反射率和消光系数,结果表明玉米群体总辐射透过率、反射率和消光系数具有明显日变化特征;玉米雄穗开花前后其群体透过率和截获率有明显变化;日际反射率随玉米生育期而异,初期达0.23,之后逐渐下降至0.14左右;生育期平均反射率约为0.19;总辐射和净辐射的消光系数分别为0.51和0.41。提出了总体消光系数的概念,该系数在观测期较稳定,约为0.26,依此利用入射总辐射可算出作物群体冠层辐射截获量。     

Albumin overload aggravates kidney injury and renoprotective effect of simvastatin in adriamycin nephropathy mice

AIM: To investigate the aggravating effect of albumin overload on the kidney injury induced by lipid nephrotoxicity, and to observe the renoprotective effect of simvastatin (SIMV) on adriamycin nephropathy (ADR) mice.METHODS: SPF healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, ADR group, ADR with bovine serum albumin (BSA) overload (ADR+BSA) group, and ADR with both BSA overload and SIMV treatment (ADR+BSA+SIMV) group. All mice were uninephrectomized under general anesthesia 2 weeks before setting up ADR model. ADR+BSA model started to be set up 4 weeks later. At the end of the 0th, 2nd, 6th, 10th and 14th weeks, 24 h urinary protein was evaluated. At the end of the 14th week, the serum biochemical indexes and the kidney pathological changes were observed, and glomerulosclerotic index (GSI) was also evaluated. The cholesterol in the kidney was measured by enzymic colorimetric method and oil red O staining. The expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) in the kidney tissues was determined by real-time PCR. The expression of IL-1β and IL-17 was measured by immunohistochemistry and the expression of IL-17 in the kidney was measured by ELISA.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1, IL-17 and LDLr, and cholesterol content in the kidney and the GSI were all significantly increased in ADR group (P<0.05). Compared with ADR group, 24 h urinary protein, serum creatinine, the expression of IL-1β, IL-17 and LDLr, and cholesterol content in the kidney were all significantly increased in ADR+BSA group (P<0.05). Treatment with SIMV significantly decreased the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1, IL-17 and LDLr. The accumulation of cholesterol in the kidney and the GSI were also decreased (all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Inflammation aggravates the lipid deposition and glomerular sclerosis by increasing the expression of LDLr in ADR mice. Albumin overload further accelerates the progressive kidney damage by regulating the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and IL-17, which promotes the increase in LDLr. The beneficial effect of SIMV might be mediated by its anti-inflammatory effect.     

家禽败血型大肠杆菌病的防治

禽大肠杆菌病是由致病性埃希氏大肠杆菌引起的传染病，主要表现为肠炎、脐带炎、全眼球炎、气囊炎、卵黄性腹膜炎、大肠杆菌性肉芽肿、关节炎和败血症。由于致病性大肠杆菌血清型众多，各地血清型分布差异大，给防治工作带来很大的难度，对养禽业造成严重的危害。据统计，我国每年因大肠杆菌病死亡鸡３１７０多万羽，经济损失３亿多元。２０００年８月以来，我区大面积发生以神经症状及下痢为主要特征的败血型大肠杆菌病，我们进行了大量的防治研究工作，现报道如下：１流行情况２０００年８月中旬以来，在南宁市、南宁地区、玉林市、桂林市…     

兔组织中阿维菌素残留的高效液相色谱法测定研究

阿维菌素是一种新型大环内酯类广谱抗寄生虫药物。本试验采用乙腈提取,然后通过氧化铝柱净化组织样本,经Ｎ－甲基咪唑与三氟醋酸酐衍生化后,用高效液相色谱－荧光检测器在激发波长为３６５ｎｍ,发射波长为４７０ｎｍ处,对衍生化产物进行测定。     

Prevalence and risk factors for contamination with Listeria monocytogenes of imported and exported meat and fish products in Switzerland, 1992-2000

A total of 2053 import and 164 export samples from 425 production plants were examined over a 9-year period (1992-2000) for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) in Switzerland. Overall, 282 samples (12.2%) and 85 plants (20.5%) harbored the pathogen. The highest isolation risk was for marinated fish (38%); the lowest was in cured- and dried-meat products.Unconditional fixed-effect logistic regression was used to identify the main hazards associated with the presence of L. monocytogenes. The plant-level model considered potential risk factors for a positive culture operating at the production-plant level by including a random effect of plant and year.Food category was the only significant factor; sampling site, country of origin and season were not significant. Marinated fish was a strong predictor for positive culture, whereas cooked- and cured-meat products were protective. Plant and year effects were significant. Control measures should be focused on specific food items in each production plant.     

饲用高粱品种品质性状的比较及评价

为筛选出适宜通辽地区种植的饲用高粱(Sorghum bicolor)品种,2011年对8个饲用高粱品种进行了田间比较试验,系统测定并分析了与动物生产性能相关的粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的含量,及鲜草产量、干草产量、干鲜比.结果表明:大力士和甜格雷兹品质性状均优于其他6个品种,且品种间差异均达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),通甜1号草产量最高,而品质略低于大力士和甜格雷兹,因此大力士、甜格雷兹适合作青饲利用,通甜1号适合作青贮利用,这3个品种在通辽地区均具有推广价值.     

肉牛日粮添加硫酸铜对粗料纤维和玉米有机物瘤胃降解的影响

选3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔杂交肉牛,采用3×3拉丁方设计,以瘤胃尼龙袋法测定日粮补饲铜(源于硫酸铜,分别补饲Cu0、8和18 mg/kgDM)对稻草纤维性物质和玉米有机物(OM)瘤胃降解率的影响.结果表明,对照组(O补饲)、8mg处理组、18 mg处理组的稻草中性洗涤纤维(NDF)降解率分别为26.84%、27.84%、29.23%,18 mg处理组明显高于对照组;对照组、8mg处理组、18mg处理组的玉米OM降解率分别为45.65%、45.48%、40.27%,18mg处理组明显低于其它处理组,牛肉日粮补饲硫酸铜明显影响瘤胃稻草NDF和玉米OM降解率,日粮补饲18mg可明显提高稻草NDF降解率并降低玉米OM的降解率.     

8种豆科灌木栽培种丛枝菌根真菌种类及分布

采集人工栽培决明(Cassia tora)、假木豆(Dendrolobium triangulare)、紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)、白刺花(Sophora davidii)、猪屎豆(Crotalaria pallida)、多花木蓝(Indigofera amblyantha)、木豆(Cajanus cajan)和银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala)8种豆科灌木植物根际5-10、10-20和20-30 cm 3个土层的土样,研究其根际丛枝菌根(AM)真菌的侵染率、孢子密度、种类及多样性。结果表明,8种豆科灌木植物AM真菌侵染率普遍较高,最高的为猪屎豆,80.8%;土壤速效磷含量与侵染率呈显著负相关(r=-0.733,P=0.039);根际土壤中的AM真菌孢子主要分布于5-20 cm土层,5-10 cm土层猪屎豆孢子密度最大,为115.33个·10 g-1土壤;宿主植物种类与土壤层位对孢子密度交互效应影响显著(F=100.497,P0.001);AM真菌优势种枫香球囊霉(Glomus liquidambaris)、脆无梗囊霉(Acaulospora delicate)在8种豆科灌木植物的土壤中均有分布。本研究表明,喀斯特地区适生豆科灌木植物具有丰富的AM真菌资源,今后可以在喀斯特地区开展豆科灌木植物接种优势AM真菌和根瘤菌等相关研究,这将对农牧业生产和退化生态系统修复效应的影响具有重要意义。