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1.
Shima E. Abdalla Akebe L.K. Abia Daniel G. Amoako Keith Perrett Linda A. Bester Sabiha Y. Essack 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2022,89(1)
BackgroundDiarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) strains are a major cause of diarrheal diseases in both developed and developing countries. Healthy asymptomatic animals may be reservoirs of zoonotic DEC, which may enter the food chain via the weak points in hygiene practices.AimWe investigated the prevalence of DEC along the pig production continuum from farm-to-fork.MethodsA total of 417 samples were collected from specific points along the pig production system, that is, farm, transport, abattoir and food. E. coli was isolated and enumerated using Colilert. Ten isolates from each Quanti-tray were selected randomly and phenotypically identified using eosin methylene blue agar selective media. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the species and to classify them into the various diarrheagenic pathotypes. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined against a panel of 20 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and EUCAST guideline.ResultsThe final sample size consisted of 1044 isolates, of which 45.40% (474/1044) were DEC and 73% (762/1044) were multidrug-resistant. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) was the most predominant DEC at all the sampling sites.ConclusionThe presence of DEC in food animal production environments and food of animal origin could serve as reservoirs for transmitting these bacteria to humans, especially in occupationally exposed workers and via food. Adherence to good hygienic practices along the pig production continuum is essential for mitigating the risk of transmission and infection, and ensuring food safety. 相似文献
2.
Amer Ibrahim Basha Stefano Padulosi Kamel Chabane Adnan Hadj-Hassan Ehsan Dulloo Mario Augusto Pagnotta Enrico Porceddu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(8):1807-1816
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is a strategic nut tree species in the Middle East which holds comparative advantage over other fruit trees in view of
its hardiness, income generation opportunities and benefits for the ecosystem. Yet pistachio cultivation depends on a very
narrow genetic base, in spite of the existence of many varieties still marginally exploited. Syria is an important center
of diversity for pistachio. A country wide ecogeographic survey in this country was carried out to determine the extent of
pistachio genetic diversity and its use. As a whole, 114 accessions were collected from 37 farms to assess diversity at morphological
and molecular level. Molecular evaluation was carried out using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique and
performed using seven primer pair combinations. Results from the studies allowed the identification of 25 pistachio female
varieties in Syria, some of which unique and described for the first time. Three groups of pistachio diversity were identified
by cluster analysis which provides useful information about the distribution of genetic diversity in Syria for enhanced use
and sustainable conservation. 相似文献
3.
D. Minoo V. N. Jayakumar S. S. Veena J. Vimala A. Basha K. V. Saji K. Nirmal Babu K. V. Peter 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):459-470
Vanilla is naturally distributed in Mexico and parts of Central America and the history of origin of cultivated vanilla suggests
that the entire stock outside Mexico may be from a single genetic source. In the present study, RAPD polymorphism was used
to estimate the level of genetic diversity and interrelationships among different collections of Vanilla planifolia Andr., and few related species, including both leafy and leafless types such as V. tahitensis J.W.Moore, V. andamanica, Rolfe, V. pilifera Holtt., and V. aphylla Blume. Studies revealed that there are very limited variation within collections of V. planifolia, indicative of its narrow genetic base, and of the related species we tested, V. tahitensis is nearest to V. planifolia. The species studied are diverse and have a similarity ranging from 1.2 to 57.3 %. Of the sampled taxa, V. andamanica is the most divergent and there is also reasonable variability within its collections, indicating the possibility of natural
seed set. A total of 82 polymorphic bands expressed in the RAPD profiles were used to generate a genetic distance matrix,
which was then used in cluster analysis. Specific groupings were revealed by the cluster analysis whereby the leafless forms
(V. aphylla, V. pilifera and the new species) and V. andamanica formed separate clusters. This is the first report of species interrelationship studies, including both cultivated and wild
vanilla species. 相似文献
4.
Kandasamy Rajamanickam Venkatasubramanian Leela Gopalakrishnan Suganya Sabiha Hayath Basha Manoharan Parthiban Natesan Pazhanivel Angappan Mangala Gowri 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(8):931-942
In swine, even though the pregnant sows were with iron abundance, the inborn iron reserve of piglets was compromised. This indicates the insufficiency of molecular machinery involved in local placental iron flux. Here, we investigated the expression of iron regulatory proteins like hepcidin and ferroportin and also their association with iron reserve, inflammation and oxidative stress in placenta of full-term pregnant sows (n = 6). Amplification and sequencing of placental DNA confirmed the presence of hepcidin (MN579557) and ferroportin (MN565887) sequences and their 100% identity with existing GenBank data. Real-time amplification of placental mRNA revealed significant higher expression of hepcidin (p < .05) than ferroportin. Western blot analysis of placental tissues revealed specific bands for both hepcidin (~8 kDa) and ferroportin (~62 kDa) molecules. Immunohistochemistry revealed the immunoreactivity for both proteins in the cytoplasm and membrane of trophoblastic cells of the placenta. Hepcidin and ferroportin expressions were positively associated with placental non-haem iron reserve (p < .0001; p = .033), lipid peroxidation (p = .0060; p < .0001) and reactive oxygen species level (p = .0092; p = .0292). Hepcidin expression was positively associated with interleukin – 6 (p = .0002) and interferon gamma (p < .0001) expressions but ferroportin expression was negatively associated with interleukin-6 (p = .0005), interleukin-1β (p = .0226) and interferon gamma (p = .0059) expressions. This indicates hepcidin and ferroportin may have a role in controlling the local placental iron flux by acting as a molecular bridge between iron trafficking and inflammation. 相似文献
5.
Raju Naik Vankadavath Appibhai Jakir Hussain Reddaiah Bodanapu Eros Kharshiing Pinjari Osman Basha Soni Gupta Yellamaraju Sreelakshmi Rameshwar Sharma 《Plant methods》2009,5(1):18-10
Background
The data generated during a course of a biological experiment/study can be sometimes be massive and its management becomes quite critical for the success of the investigation undertaken. The accumulation and analysis of such large datasets often becomes tedious for biologists and lab technicians. Most of the current phenotype data acquisition management systems do not cater to the specialized needs of large-scale data analysis. The successful application of genomic tools/strategies to introduce desired traits in plants requires extensive and precise phenotyping of plant populations or gene bank material, thus necessitating an efficient data acquisition system. 相似文献6.
Shah Mudasir Ahmad Kumar Rohit Kinjavdekar Prakash Amarpal Aithal H. P. Arif Basha Mohammad Majid Asif 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(2):563-575
Veterinary Research Communications - A prospective clinical study consisting of six bovines (200–300 kg body weight) undergoing open tibial fractures was carried out, to evaluate the... 相似文献
7.
F W Bazer R M Roberts S M Basha M T Zavy D Caton D H Barron 《Journal of animal science》1979,49(6):1522-1527
Development of the ovine conceptus was confined to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) by placing a ligature around that uterine horn at a point near the uterine body on day 5 of pregnancy. On day 140 of gestation, seven of 10 ewes were still pregnant and from 21 to 815 ml of uterine fluid (488 +/- 94 ml, X +/- SEM) were collected from the nongravid uterine horn. Total recoverable protein (X +/- SEM) was 13.4 +/- 3.4 grams. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the reduced proteins in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate indicated that protein composition of uterine fluid was distinct from that of colostrum, serum, amniotic fluid, and allantoic fluid, and revealed the presence of two major polypeptides with molecular weights of about 57,000 and 58,500, respectively, plus numerous other minor components. Gel filtration on columns of Sephadex G-200 and Sepharose CL-6B suggested that these polypeptides formed a series of aggregates of high molecular weight when kept under nonreducing conditions. Glucose (.18 +/- .03 mg/ml), but not fructose, was present in uterine fluid. In addition, high levels of prostaglandin F (451.4 +/- 83.3 ng/ml) were present. 相似文献
8.
Samia Saif Aal M. Russell Sabiha I. Nodie Chloe Inskip Petra Lahann Adam Barlow 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2016,21(2):95-110
This article explored the local medicinal and traditional values of tiger parts and associated beliefs, and its link to the commercial trade in the Bangladesh Sundarbans. Using semi-structured qualitative interviews with 139 respondents, we found that the local use of, and belief in, the medicinal values of tiger parts is widespread and that virtually all parts of the tiger are used. Some of the local uses of tiger parts were unique in both the way and the purpose of use. For example, the soil of tiger pugmark was consumed by the women as a means of contraception. We established that local usage may be a significant threat to the tiger population of south Asia as it motivates stray tiger killing for collecting tiger parts for both local use and commercial demand, and provides the opportunities for poachers and the commercial trade to flourish. 相似文献
9.
Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) is an oil-bearing species with multiple uses and considerable potential as a bioenergy crop. The present
investigation has been undertaken to assess the extent of genetic diversity in a representative set of 42 accessions of J. curcas encompassing different crop growing regions in India along with a non-toxic genotype from Mexico as a prelude for utilization
of promising and genetically divergent materials in the breeding programmes. Molecular polymorphism was 42.0% with 400 RAPD
primers and 33.5% with 100 ISSR primers between accessions indicating modest levels of genetic variation in the Indian germplasm.
The within-population variation based on RAPD polymorphism was 64.0% and was on par with the inter-population variation. Polymorphic
ISSR markers have been identified that could differentiate the Indian accessions from the Mexican genotype and two of them
were converted to SCAR markers. The SCAR primer pair ISPJ1 amplified a 543 bp fragment in all the Indian populations, while
ISPJ2 with a specific amplicon of 1,096 bp was specific to the Mexican genotype. Population-specific bands have been identified
for the accession from Kerala (2 RAPD markers), Neemuch-1 from Rajasthan (1 each of RAPD and ISSR markers) and the non-toxic
genotype from Mexico (17 RAPD and 4 ISSR markers), which serve as diagnostic markers in genotyping. The study indicates an
immediate need for widening the genetic base of J. curcas germplasm through introduction of accessions with broader geographical background. 相似文献
10.
P. Routray O. Basha M. Garg N. K. Singh H. S. Dhaliwal 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(6):1315-1326
Seed samples of 27 landraces of wheat were collected from farmers’ fields of hilly areas of Himalaya in Uttaranchal state
of India during April 2004. Genetic diversity among 41 genotypes (cultivars and landraces of wheat) was studied using morphological
traits, microsatellite markers and SDS-PAGE of HMW-GS. The dendrogram and PCA (Principal Component Analysis) based on morphological
data clearly separated landraces of wheat from cultivars. In the dendrogram based on microsatellite markers data all the wheat
cultivars released after the introduction of high yielding dwarf wheat varieties from CIMMYT, used in this study, were grouped
separately with the exception of NP4. The pre-green revolution indigenous varieties grouped with landraces suggesting that
the same had been probably developed through selection among landraces in India. The landraces had higher diversity for HMW-glutenin
subunits coded by Glu-B1, with distinct subunit combinations 6 + 8, 7 + 9, 13 + 16, than within the wheat cultivars analyzed. Most of the landraces
except IITR10 and IITR14 are clearly distinct from the indigenous and modern wheat cultivars released in India in the 20th
century. More than half of the landraces were heterogeneous mixture of plants with different glume color, awnness, grain color
and HMW-GS profile and hence need purification through single plant selection. Some of the landraces with resistance to yellow
rust and powdery mildew and distinct HMW-GS subunits can be used in appropriate breeding programs. It will be desirable to
conserve and protect the landraces as geographical indications of Uttaranchal. 相似文献