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1.
近年来,粟瘟病在山西省中部及东南部严重发生危害,輕者减产,重者籽粒不收。作者于1962—1963年进行了粟品种間抗病性的初步观察,簡报如下: 在本所試驗地和山西省晋东南区各县良种繁殖場谷子品种区域試驗地共調查品种520个。調查时期:重点品种分苗期、拔节期、拔节末期、抽穗盛期、乳熟期进行;一般品种只在发病盛期(即抽穗盛期)进行。在自然条件下未感染粟瘟病的品种,再在溫室中种植,进行人工接种。抗病性鑑定結果如下: (一)尚未发現有免疫品种。 (二)不同品种对栗瘟病的抗病性有显著差异:在发病盛期調查,高度抗病品种61个,占总数12%,发病指数为0.1—10;抗病品种149个,占总数28.7%,发病指数为10.1—20.0;輕度感病品种128个,占总数24.6%;发病指数为20.1— 相似文献
2.
Eric Lim Teik Chung Michael Predith Frisco Nobilly Anjas Asmara Samsudin Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse Teck Chwen Loh 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1727-1732
Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant. 相似文献
3.
Daniel A. Truchado Michaël A. J. Moens Sergio Callejas Javier Pérez-Tris Laura Benítez 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(2):111-120
Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus. 相似文献
4.
In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing'an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions (K^+, Na^+, Ca^2+, Mg^2+, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-) were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2+, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2+〉SO4^2- 〉Na^+〉Mg^2+〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2+, SO4^2- , Na^+'Mg^2+,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^+, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning. 相似文献
5.
农民合作经济组织是在农村经济体制改革中兴起的,以其独特的组织形式、灵活的机制、广泛的适应性,在提高农业产业化经营水平及提高农民收入方面发挥了巨大的作用.为了更好地促进农民合作经济组织的发展,通过调查分析得出农民合作经济组织的运作经验为:扶持龙头企业,提高带动能力,围绕特色建协会,力争政策和资金支持,以利益联结、股份合作、提高科学技术服务于农民.提出了加快农村制度改革,科学定位,法律保障,提供公共支持,建立农工贸一体化生产经营体系的发展对策. 相似文献
6.
7.
为了解太阳能干燥过程中速生材内部水分状态及迁移规律,采用低场核磁共振及核磁共振成像检测桉、杨木干燥过程中水分分布、含量变化及迁移过程,借助扫描电镜在微观层面进行分析。结果表明:核磁共振信号强度与称重法所测含水率相关性系数高达0.99以上,因此低场核磁共振可准确测定木材中的水分含量;桉木和杨木饱水试样的核磁共振信号中均存在3种峰,桉木弛豫时间分别为1.32、32.75、403.70 ms,杨木为2.66、32.75、352.12 ms,对应着结合水及两种状态的自由水;随着干燥进行,不同状态水分的横向弛豫时间逐渐减小,木材对水分的束缚增加。当桉木含水率为27.28%,杨木含水率为35.71%左右时,水分散失转为以结合水为主。通过核磁共振成像中氢质子密度的不同可对水分含量进行区分,进而可观测干燥过程中木材内部水分移动状态。因此,通过低场核磁共振及核磁共振成像可研究速生材干燥过程中的内部水分状态及分布。 相似文献
8.
Influence of Ammoniacal Copper Quaternary treatments on mechanical properties of blue-stained Lodgepole Pine wood 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Three concentrations (2.8%, 2.0%, 1.2%) of Ammoniacal Copper Quaternary (ACQ) was selected to treat Lodgepole pine wood for evaluating ACQ treatment on mechanical properties of blue-stained wood. The bending modules of elasticity (MOE), modules of rupture (MOR), toughness and shearing strength parallel to grain on tangential surface, are tested according to the criteria GB1927-1943-91. Non-treated sample were also tested according to the same procedure. The results showed that the three groups specimen impregnated by different concentrations of ACQ solution met the AWPA standard 2003 of America (UC4A 6.4g/cm^3). There were significant difference of toughness between treated wood and non-treated wood (p=0.01), but there were no statistically significant differences among three concentrations in terms of toughness, and toughness of treated wood was approximately 20% lower than non-treated. MOR, MOE as well as sheafing strength parallel to grain were found to be not significantly different between treated wood and non-treated one, and there were no statistically significant difference among three concentrations of ACQ too. Toughness, MOR, MOE and sheafing strength parallel to grain increased with decrease of concentration of ACQ, but they were hardly affected by ACQ preservatives. 相似文献
9.
Deforestation and degradation of productive lands are serious threats to the sustainability of forestry/agricultural practices
in Kenya. In the last two decades farm forestry (FF) has been promoted through pilot projects among local communities as an
example of sustainable land use. However adoption of FF is limited outside the project locations because FF improvement measures
focused mainly on biological (e.g. succession, biodiversity and traditional industrial timber production) and technical concerns
(e.g. material input delivery such as providing free tree seedlings for field planting) rather than local values, and interests
and the constraints facing farmers. This study examined the local farm priorities and constraints and the prospects for the
wider implementation of farm-level tree planting in four communities in Rachuonyo District. Using interviews with 597 randomly
selected household heads, the study assessed farmer’s production assets and activities, land tenure, priority tree species
and the constraints to growing trees on farms. Results show that farm labour is represented by a young population, 56.3% under
the age of forty. They are mainly engaged in small-scale mixed cropping integrated with multipurpose trees and some livestock.
Tree products contribute about 32% to household cash income, more than any other source (agricultural products, labour sales,
etc). Females were more often household heads and had considerable influence over productive activities, making them an important
target group in FF development. Farmers preferred exotic tree species due to their ability to provide short-term cash income,
fuel and shade. Farmers’ concerns included population pressure on limited farmlands and the problem of credit for agricultural
inputs. Given the feeling of secured tenure arrangement and influence of tree products on the household economy, farmers are
likely to invest more in efficient land uses such as FF if consideration is given to local priorities. 相似文献
10.
Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah Shaukat Hussain Musharaf Ahmad Farhatullah Iftikhar Ali Muhammad Ibrahim 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2011,77(3):174-177
Fifty wheat varieties along with Jupateco-73 and Morocco were studied for the expression of leaf tip necrosis (LTN), a trait
linked with the durable rust resistance gene pair Lr34/Yr18. LTN was frequent (i.e., ≥6) in nine replications of a field experiment over 3 years in 17 genotypes, and the varieties were
considered positive for LTN. In molecular analyses of these varieties, having relative severity values up to 78 for yellow
rust and 45 for leaf rust, the 150-bp Lr34/Yr18-linked allele was consistently amplified. Expression of LTN in six of nine replications is an appropriate threshold for predicting
the presence of Lr34/Yr18 gene pair, and genotypes can be selected using this trait. 相似文献