全文获取类型
收费全文 | 20008篇 |
免费 | 339篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 3902篇 |
农学 | 1426篇 |
基础科学 | 164篇 |
3642篇 | |
综合类 | 828篇 |
农作物 | 2338篇 |
水产渔业 | 2287篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 2416篇 |
园艺 | 1198篇 |
植物保护 | 2147篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 48篇 |
2022年 | 79篇 |
2021年 | 159篇 |
2020年 | 163篇 |
2019年 | 195篇 |
2018年 | 2867篇 |
2017年 | 2863篇 |
2016年 | 1372篇 |
2015年 | 217篇 |
2014年 | 223篇 |
2013年 | 252篇 |
2012年 | 1072篇 |
2011年 | 2424篇 |
2010年 | 2234篇 |
2009年 | 1399篇 |
2008年 | 1522篇 |
2007年 | 1759篇 |
2006年 | 213篇 |
2005年 | 226篇 |
2004年 | 225篇 |
2003年 | 245篇 |
2002年 | 163篇 |
2001年 | 66篇 |
2000年 | 92篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1934年 | 2篇 |
1928年 | 4篇 |
1926年 | 3篇 |
1925年 | 2篇 |
1924年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A. Schots J. De Boer A. Schouten J. Roosien J. F. Zil Verentant H. Pomp L. Bouwman-Smits H. Overmars F. J. Gommers B. Visser W. J. Stiekema J. Bakker 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):183-191
Engineering resistance against various diseases and pests is hampered by the lack of suitable genes. To overcome this problem we started a research program aimed at obtaining resistance by transfecting plants with genes encoding monoclonal antibodies against pathogen specific proteins. The idea is that monoclonal antibodies will inhibit the biological activity of molecules that are essential for the pathogenesis. Potato cyst nematodes are chosen as a model and it is thought that monoclonal antibodies are able to block the function of the saliva proteins of this parasite. These proteins are, among others, responsible for the induction of multinucleate transfer cells upon which the nematode feeds. It is well documented that the ability of antibodies to bind molecules is sufficient to inactivate the function of an antigen and in view of the potential of animals to synthesize antibodies to almost any molecular structure, this strategy should be feasible for a wide range of diseases and pests.Antibodies have several desirable features with regard to protein engineering. The antibody (IgG) is a Y-shaped molecule, in which the domains forming the tips of the arms bind to antigen and those forming the stem are responsible for triggering effector functions (Fc fragments) that eliminate the antigen from the animal. Domains carrying the antigen-binding loops (Fv and Fab fragments) can be used separately from the Fc fragments without loss of affinity. The antigen-binding domains can also be endowed with new properties by fusing them to toxins or enzymes. Antibody engineering is also facilitated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A systematic comparison of the nucleotide sequence of more than 100 antibodies revealed that not only the 3′-ends, but also the 5′-ends of the antibody genes are relatively conserved. We were able to design a small set of primers with restriction sites for forced cloning, which allowed the amplification of genes encoding antibodies specific for the saliva proteins ofGlobodera rostochiensis. Complete heavy and light chain genes as well as single chain Fv fragments (scFv), in which the variable parts of the light (VL) and heavy chain (VH) are linked by a peptide, will be transferred to potato plants. A major challenge will be to establish a correct expression of the antibody genes with regard to three dimensional folding, assembly and intracellular location. 相似文献
6.
V. Villar B. Colao I. Calles‐Venal J. G. Fernndez‐lvarez M. Fernndez‐Caso J. M. Villar 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2005,34(Z1):54-54
Chondrocytes dedifferentiate to a fibroblast‐like phenotype on plastic surfaces. Dedifferentiation is reversible if these cells are then cultured embedded in gels as alginate, agarose or collagen. Chondrocytes cultured in suspension on a non‐adherent surface are also known to form aggregates of differentiated cells. The knowledge of chondrocyte behavior in culture is relevant for tissue engineering purposes. In this report we describe a simple method to culture differentiated or redifferentiated rabbit auricular chondrocytes on plastic surfaces with a stable phenotype. When chondrocyte aggregates formed in suspension are next seeded on plastic surfaces, most of them attach to the plastic as round or polygonal cells, and this morphological differentiation, confirmed by the presence of type II collagen, is stable for long culture periods. We also report that the addition of aggregates to monolayer cultures of dedifferentiated chondrocytes results in their redifferentiation, as is shown by their morphological changes and the synthesis of type II collagen. Therefore, this simple method can be useful for the study of chondrocyte behavior on plastic surfaces and for redifferentiating previously proliferated chondrocytes in tissue engineering techniques. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that, in addition to culture conditions such as cell isolation method or cell‐density, chondrocyte behavior on plastic depends on the presence or absence of aggregates resulting from the dissociation process. 相似文献
7.
Shohei MATSUURA Shigeru HOSHINO Hideaki HAYASHI Tetsuyuki KOHGUCHI Kyoji HAGIWARA Toshihiro OMURA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):99-102
DAS-ELISA proved to be reliable enough to detect a latent infection by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in asymptomatic stock plants of chrysanthemum. A high density of Frankliniella occidentalis, the predominant vector, in the presence of latently infected stock plants resulted in a high incidence of disease in the chrysanthemum
production field. The incidence of disease was low when the vector thrips were not abundant in spite of the presence of latently
infected stock plants. These results suggest that an infestation of the vector thrips causes severe secondary spread of TSWV
originating from latently infected stock plants in chrysanthemum production fields.
Received 27 July 2001/ Accepted in revised form 27 November 2001 相似文献
8.
9.
Maria Helena N.L. Silva-Filha Christina A. Peixoto 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2003,77(3):138-146
This study describes the immunocytochemical localization of the Bacillus sphaericus 2362 binary toxin components, BinA and BinB, in Culex quinquefasciatus larvae that had been intoxicated with this entomopathogen. Ultrathin sections of C. quinquefasciatus larvae midgut embedded in the hydrophilic resin L.R. White were incubated with the antibodies anti-BinA or anti-BinB and then revealed with goat anti-rabbit IgG coupled to gold particles. Immunocytochemical detection demonstrated the presence of specific labeling in ultra-thin sections that had been incubated with the BinA antiserum. Gold particles were detected on the apical areas of cell membranes and inside the epithelial cell cytoplasm, particularly the mitochondria, of cells from the gastric caeca and posterior stomach in larvae exposed during 2 or 24 h to the entomopathogen. A similar labeling pattern was observed in ultrathin sections from both midgut regions when incubated with BinB antiserum. 相似文献
10.
Eiji Tanaka Chihiro Tanaka Atsushi Ishihara Yasumasa Kuwahara Mitsuya Tsuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(1):1-6
Aciculosporium take (Ascomycota; Clavicipitaceae) is a causal agent of witches' broom of
bamboo plants. The symptoms of this disease are believed to be induced by plant
hormones, particularly auxins. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was identified in
cultures of this fungus in an l-tryptophan-supplemented liquid medium.
IAA production was confirmed on 30 isolates of A. take from various
hosts and locations at levels up to 1 mg/l. The biosynthetic pathway of
IAA in A. take culture was examined by analyzing intermediate products
and by feeding experiments. The results showed that the indole-3-pyruvic acid
pathway (l-tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole
acetaldehyde → IAA) was the dominant pathway in A. take.
Received: June 3, 2002 / Accepted: July 25, 2002 相似文献