广西芒果细菌性坏死病病原菌鉴定

芒果Mangifera indica L.是我国著名的热带水果, 近年来细菌性病害发生严重。2020年－2021年对广西百色地区的芒果病害进行调查发现, 一种细菌性坏死病与细菌性黑斑病混合发生, 一般发病率30%~60%, 严重可达90%以上。本研究先后从该地区不同芒果坏死病组织中分离得到泛菌属的21株细菌。根据形态、生理生化特性、16S rDNA、fusA、gyrB、leuS、pyrG、rlpB和rpoB的多基因系统发育分析、致病性测定等方法将21个菌株分别鉴定为Pantoea vagans、P. anthophila、P. dispersa 和P. cypripedii。其中P. anthophila、P. dispersa 和P. cypripedii引起芒果细菌性坏死病是中国首次报道。     

污泥堆肥利用中AM对三叶鬼针草生长及Cu富集作用的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究在不同污泥堆肥含量的滨海盐渍土中,AM对三叶鬼针草生长及植株内Cu富集量的影响。试验设计0%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%污泥堆肥含量共6个土壤处理水平,2个AM真菌菌株和1个对照。结果显示:随着盐渍土中污泥堆肥含量增加三叶鬼针草生物量显著上升,在40%、80%污泥含量处理中,接种苗地上及地下生物量均显著高于非接种苗;接种苗侵染率在20%~80%污泥堆肥处理中显著高于纯盐渍土处理;在较低污泥含量处理中(0%~60%),三叶鬼针草接种苗地下部Cu浓度显著高于非接种苗,而在高污泥含量处理中,接种苗与非接种苗差异不显著;接种AM真菌提高三叶鬼针草地下部Cu富集总量,接种苗根系内Cu富集量是地上部的3~4倍。表明污泥堆肥中接种AM真菌可以促进三叶鬼针草的生长和提高对重金属Cu的富集能力。     

芒果蒂腐病病原葡萄座腔菌科真菌种类鉴定

In order to identify the pathogen of Botryosphaeriaceae causing mango stem-end rot, tissue isolation method was used to process mango samples collected from Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Sichuan Provinces in China, and 58 fungal isolates were obtained. Among them, 39 isolates were belonged to Botryosphaeriaceae, accounting for 67.24%. These isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis with internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1α). The results showed that there were four main species of Botryosphaeriaceae, including Neofusicoccum parvum (33.33%), Lasiodiplodia theobromae (30.77%), Botryosphaeria dothidea (28.21%), and L. pseudotheobromae (7.69%). The mango stem-end rot caused by L. pseudotheobroma was firstly reported in China. The virulence of the four species was tested by in vitro inoculation and the results showed that all isolates were pathogenic, among which L. theobromae, L. pseudotheobroma, and N. parvum were the “strong” grade, and B. dothidea was the “middle” grade.     

瓜叶菊'小丑'系列品种再生体系的研究

以瓜叶菊'小丑'系列5个花色品种的种子为外植体,MS为基本培养基,筛选出了瓜叶菊试管培养所需的培养基中最佳生长素种类及浓度,获得了试管苗.在此基础上,对试管苗进行了再生体系的研究.结果表明,不同外植体、生长调节剂种类及浓度均影响植株再生:叶片再生能力优于叶柄;诱导丛生芽效果最好的培养基配方为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg...