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1.
Jean-Pierre Wigneron Jean-Christophe Calvet Yann Kerr 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》1996,80(2-4)
In the present work, the time variations of a wheat field microwave emission are analysed during irrigation phases. The aim of the study is to investigate the use of low-frequency microwave measurements to monitor hydrological variables over a wheat crop: surface soil moisture and water interception by the vegetation canopy. The irrigation phases were representative of rainfall or dew events. It appears that the radiometric measurements are strongly sensitive to the hydrological characteristics of the soil and of the vegetation canopy. The 1.4GHz measurements are mainly sensitive to surface soil moisture mv, whereas the 5 GHz measurements are sensitive to both mv and to the vegetation water content Wv. A simple model approach is implemented to retrieve simultaneously these two surface parameters. The results of this procedure show the high potential of the microwave remote sensing measurements to monitor the time variations of soil moisture and of the total vegetation water content. The value of the wheat water storage capacity is derived from the microwave measurements and is in good agreement with experimental data. 相似文献
2.
Catherine Bouchard Erin Leonard Jules Konan Koffi Yann Pelcat Andrew Peregrine Neil Chilton Kateryn Rochon Tim Lysyk L. Robbin Lindsay Nicholas Hume Ogden 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(7):693-699
There is an increasing risk of Lyme disease in Canada due to range expansion of the tick vector, Ixodes scapularis. The objectives of this article are to i) raise public awareness with the help of veterinarians on the emerging and expanding risk of Lyme disease across Canada, ii) review the key clinical features of Lyme disease in dogs, and iii) provide recommendations for veterinarians on the management of Lyme disease in dogs. 相似文献
3.
New Forests - Between the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, large-scale afforestation projects were undertaken in the Swiss Prealps. The Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.), an emblematic... 相似文献
4.
Muhammad Shahid Tiantian Xiong Nasir Masood Tibo Leveque Katelle Quenea Annabelle Austruy Yann Foucault Camille Dumat 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(4):655-665
Purpose
The present research aimed to assess the influence of two phosphorous (P) amendments on metal speciation in rhizosphere soil and the soil–plant transfer of metals.Materials and methods
Complementary experiments were performed: field experiments on a contaminated cultivated soil and laboratory experiments on an uncultivated contaminated soil to highlight the mechanisms involved in metal-phosphorous interactions. In laboratory experiment, P amendments were added at 120 mg P/kg of soluble KH2PO4 amendment and 9,000 mg P/kg of solid Ca5(PO4)3OH amendment.Results and discussion
Field-culture results showed the possible food-chain contamination due to Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn phytoaccumulation by pea and mustard plants from a cultivated agricultural soil. Moreover, P-metal complexes were observed by microscopy in the rhizosphere soil. In laboratory experiments, the application of P amendments significantly increased Pb and Zn level in rhizosphere soil compared to control. Phosphate amendments significantly increased metal-P fraction and decreased “oxides” and “organic matter” fractions of Pb and Zn. Soluble-P amendment was more effective than solid P amendment in changing Pb and Zn speciation. The changes in metal speciation are higher in the rhizosphere soil of pea than tomato. Application of P amendments increased Pb and Zn TF root/soil but decreased TF shoot/root.Conclusions
The effectiveness of in situ metal immobilization technique varies with the type and quantity of applied P amendment as well as plant and metal type. 相似文献5.
6.
[目的] 测度土地利用碳排放效应,探索土地利用与碳排放之间的脱钩关系,进而揭示土地利用变化的碳排放规律,为制定资源保护和生态文明政策提供科学依据。[方法] 以中国农业典型生产中心地区、中国人口大省——河南省为研究区域,基于近20 a间土地利用现状遥感监测数据,从县域尺度研究土地利用碳排放和土地利用强度的时空格局演变特征,并借助于脱钩分析的理论框架来检测它们之间的脱钩关系。[结果] ①在研究期间,碳排放呈现出明显的空间异质性。豫中地区、豫北地区碳排放水平明显高于其他区域;平原地区和大城市周边地区的碳排放明显高于山区和丘陵地区。②研究期间土地利用强度持续增加,豫中地区土地利用强度明显高于豫南地区,而豫北地区土地利用强度分布表现出明显的空间集聚现象。③研究期间土地利用强度和碳排放二者的主要关系类型为扩张负脱钩和强脱钩,需要从资源高消耗、高碳排放的双高模式不断向资源低消耗、低碳排放的低碳发展模式转变。[结论] 不同阶段、不同地区在土地利用强度与碳排放之间的脱钩关系程度方面有着明显差异,应采用差异性管控政策,促进生态环境保护和经济发展之间形成协调稳定的发展关系。 相似文献
7.
陇东生态条件下,田间观察了苹果黑星病在同一年度内不同时期、不同苹果品种上的发生程度,分析了病害的年消长动态和不同苹果品种的抗性差异。结果表明:该病害在陇东地区于5月下旬开始发病,之后的病情呈“阶梯式”上升态势,5月25日至6月23日的病害流行速率达到0.123 9,为病情快速发展期;7月14日至7月27日和8月18日至9月8日的病害流行速率分别为0.032 0和 0.021 4,为病情较快发展期;6月23日至7月14日和7月27日至8月18日的病害流行速率分别为0.005 4和0.005 5,为病情缓慢发展期;9月8日之后病情不再发展。不同苹果品种的抗病性存在明显差异,‘美国8号’和‘皮诺瓦’表现免疫;‘静宁1号’‘瑞阳’‘秦脆’‘蜜脆’‘华硕’‘陆奥’‘金冠’‘无锈金矮生’‘寒富’‘艾达红’‘摩力士’和‘国光’等品种相对抗病性指数0.902~0.997,表现高抗;‘成纪1号’‘烟富3号’‘秋富1号’‘长富2号’‘宫崎短富’‘烟富6号’‘龙富’‘延长红’‘2001富士’‘烟富1号’‘首富3号’等富士系品种及维纳斯黄金‘嘎啦’‘瑞雪’‘爵士’‘印度青’‘凉香’‘美味’‘青香蕉’‘阿斯’‘新红星’等品种相对抗病性指数0.000~0.645,表现高感或中感。可见,利用杀菌剂遏制园内病情发展的关键时期在5月下旬至6月下旬,其次在7月中下旬和8月中旬至9月上旬;表现高抗和免疫的苹果品种在黑星病流行地区有较大推广应用价值。 相似文献
8.
为明确陕西关中地区麦蚜田间种群对杀虫剂的抗药性现状,采用浸叶法测定了兴平、礼泉、凤翔、岐山、扶风地区麦田禾谷缢管蚜种群对高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、吡虫啉、异丙威、毒死蜱、阿维菌素、氟啶虫胺腈等7种杀虫剂的抗性水平。结果表明,禾谷缢管蚜对高效氯氰菊酯的抗性水平最高,其中凤翔种群对高效氯氰菊酯达到高水平抗性(抗性倍数为72.5),岐山和扶风种群对该药产生中等水平抗性(抗性倍数分别为31.4、29.9);5个地区的禾谷缢管蚜对溴氰菊酯、吡虫啉、毒死蜱、异丙威和阿维菌素的抗性水平较低,表现为敏感、敏感性下降或者低抗性;5个地区的试虫对氟啶虫胺腈均表现为敏感。分析认为,高效氯氰菊酯不适合用于关中地区禾谷缢管蚜防治,氟啶虫胺腈作为一种新型杀虫剂,可以在该虫防治中推广使用,吡虫啉、阿维菌素等其他几种杀虫剂可以在禾谷缢管蚜的防治中交替使用。 相似文献
9.
10.
Stéphane Mombo Yann Foucault Frédéric Deola Irène Gaillard Sylvaine Goix Muhammad Shahid Eva Schreck Antoine Pierart Camille Dumat 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(4):1214-1224