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1.
比较安徽黄山鱼鳞坑群短尾猴人工圈养前后的种群生态学和行为学资料表明,人工圈养:(1)降低了个体的迁入率和迁出率,增加了幼体的出生率和幼体死亡率,结果使种群的年平均增长率下降;(2)加速了猴群的分群进程;(3)使个体间的友好行为频率下降,社会联系减弱;同时,攻击行为频率上升,导致群体结构松散。文中分析了人工圈养中人工投饵、人为地限制猴群活动空间范围和游人对上述诸问题的影响机制,并提出了改善和加强管理的措施。 相似文献
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Eric Lim Teik Chung Michael Predith Frisco Nobilly Anjas Asmara Samsudin Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse Teck Chwen Loh 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1727-1732
Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant. 相似文献
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Daniel A. Truchado Michaël A. J. Moens Sergio Callejas Javier Pérez-Tris Laura Benítez 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(2):111-120
Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus. 相似文献
4.
Leonard Omadang Martin Chamai Emmanuel Othieno Andrew Okwi Francis Olaki Inangolet Francis Ejobi Peter Oba Michael Ocaido 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(1):11-17
A cross-sectional study was done from March 2013 to May 2014 to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda. A structured questionnaire was administered to 381 respondents. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to find the relationship between knowledge about CE and factors such as age, sex, and level of education across all regions. The odds ratio and confidence interval were used to determine the difference in responses across regions. It was shown that age above 36 years was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with awareness about CE in livestock. Likewise, uneducated (p < 0.0001) and agro-pastoralists (p = 0.01) were significantly less knowledgeable than the educated and pastoralists across all regions. The overall knowledge towards CE in livestock was low 17.8% (95% CI = 14.0–21.6). Dog ownership was high and they never dewormed their freely roaming dogs. Dogs shared water with livestock. In conclusion, knowledge about CE in livestock was low across all regions. Therefore, public health education and formulation of policies towards its control by the relevant stakeholders should be done. Also, the true prevalence of CE in livestock needs to be done so that the magnitude and its public health significance are elucidated. 相似文献
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In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing'an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions (K^+, Na^+, Ca^2+, Mg^2+, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-) were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2+, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2+〉SO4^2- 〉Na^+〉Mg^2+〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2+, SO4^2- , Na^+'Mg^2+,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^+, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning. 相似文献
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毛竹/杉木层积复合材弯曲与剪切破坏的微观形变过程 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用扫描电镜在位拉伸方法(ISL-SEM),研究了毛竹/杉木层积复合材在受到外力作用下3点弯曲和剪切破坏的微观形变过程;结合扫描电镜所观测的形貌图,分析了该情况下层积材的典型破坏规律;总结了气干和水湿处理后,竹杉层积复合材剪切破坏模式以及气干条件下弯曲破坏模式。 相似文献
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