设施园艺电驱移动平台轮毂电机设计及其磁-热耦合性能

针对设施园艺作业场景下电驱移动平台的低速大扭矩牵引作业需求,该研究设计了一种减速内转子轴向磁通轮毂电机,建立电机的电磁有限元模型并分析其电磁和损耗特性。考虑到绕组电阻率受温度变化影响,构建基于热网络法的轮毂电机磁-热耦合改进模型。与台架试验结果相比,基于改进模型获得的转矩预测值较传统模型的精度提高了5.33%,验证了模型的正确性。利用改进模型分析了温度和相电流对电机转矩特性的影响,仿真结果表明,输出转矩随电机温度增加而降低;在0～20 A,电机平均输出转矩与相电流呈线性关系。试验结果表明,轮毂电机功率随转速增加而增大,峰值功率可达4.59 kW,而转矩基本保持恒定;在转速450～900 r/min、转矩300～600 N·m时,电机效率高达93.2%。研究结果可为轴向磁通电机初步设计与多场耦合影响下电机性能分析提供思路。     

广义螺旋曲面工件轮廓度统一测量方法

对国标规定的标准螺旋曲面的测量方法进行分析,得出普通螺纹和丝杠形位误差测量方法中的共性问题。利用微分几何的曲面包络理论,结合坐标投影变换法和相对运动法对工件的曲面方程进行研究,得到了在母线曲面已知的情况下广义螺旋曲面的统一方程。通过广义螺旋曲面测量要素分析,得出异型螺旋面的测量方法。结合曲面统一方程,提出了广义螺旋面的统一测量方法。实例表明,该方法能够快速、准确地测量出对应工件的型面尺寸,避免了测量的复杂性和低效性。     

电流变智能半主动悬架的输出反馈变结构控制

对带有电流变智能阻尼器的汽车半主动悬架系统设计了一种输出反馈变结构控制器。根据滑模运动方程稳定的Hurwitz判据选择滑模面矩阵,实现控制与外界扰动完全解耦。仿真分析了多种激励信号下隔振质量的响应及半主动悬架系统在系统参数摄动下的鲁棒特性。仿真结果表明,变结构控制下半主动悬架系统的隔振效果要远好于最优被动系统,而且对外界扰动有一定的适应性,对系统参数摄动也具有很强的鲁棒性。     

柔性坐标测量机参数辨识方法

设计了一种六自由度关节式柔性坐标测量机,并对该测量机测量方程中的参数进行了辨识,提出了一种快速简易的单点锥窝标定方法。该方法基于单点锥窝提供的空间单点基准,利用非线性最小二乘中的高斯-牛顿法,求解测量机测量方程的参数值。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提高测量机的整体精度,且操作简单、计算效率高。     

巨胚杂交稻的农艺及产量性状

以2个巨胚不育系及其相应的2个非巨胚不育系,3个巨胚恢复系、2个非巨胚恢复系为材料,配制一套共20个半双列杂交组合,研究巨胚(ge)基因对杂交稻的若干生物学特性的影响。结果表明:ge基因对杂交稻主要农艺性状和部分产量性状没有显著影响,但ge基因使杂交稻的千粒重、容重、理论产量和实际产量下降,且只有在纯合时才有显著表达。含杂合geGE基因也使其上述性状有所下降,但幅度明显小于gege纯合基因。     

哺乳与保育仔猪腹泻的综合防治

<正>我国仔猪腹泻现象十分普遍,导致饲料报酬较低、成活率下降、生长发育停滞。引起腹泻发生的病因往往是多因素相互作用,呈多重感染或交叉混合感染,临床诊断防治困难,严重威胁着养猪业的健康发展。     

Anatid herpesvirus 1 CH virulent strain induces syncytium and apoptosis in duck embryo fibroblast cultures

Anatid herpesvirus 1 (AHV-1) CH virulent strain was first isolated from an infected duck and it was found that this virus strain could induce cytopathic effect (CPE) in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF). Following AHV-1 infection, DEF showed morphological changes such as cell rounding, improved refractivity and detachment from the culture surface. However, its pathological characteristics were not adequately known. Related studies were performed and the results showed that syncytium formation could be observed as the other type of CPE in AHV-1 infection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of infected DEF were each used to visualize the shape and distribution of chromatin within nuclei and nuclear fragmentation was observed. Chromatin condensation and margination, as well as formation of apoptotic bodies were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DNA ladder formation was detected in AHV-1 infected cells and apoptosis of the infected DEF was also detected by flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining method. Therefore, it was suggested that AHV-1 virulent strain can induce syncytium and apoptosis in DEF. Syncytium formation and apoptosis observed in this study may contribute to the elucidation of AHV-1 pathogenesis.     

Hydraulic Retention Time Influence on Improving Flocculation in the Activated Sludge Processes Through Polyelectrolytes

Hydraulic retention time (HRT) influence improving sludge flocculation with adding the polyelectrolytes (non-ionic, anionic, and cationic) was studied on an activated sludge (AS) system fed with synthetic domestic wastewater (SDW), dairy industry wastewater (DIW), and caramel industry wastewater (CIW). The sludge volumetric index, food/microorganism ratio (F/M), and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids at different HRTs (6, 8 and 10 h) were monitored on an experimental model. Results showed that both SDW and IW had the best sludge flocculation conditions at 8 h and 100 mL of non-ionic polyelectrolyte (0.2 mg L^?1). In addition, this phenomenon reached the organic matter removal efficiencies of 95.9, 95.7, and 94.2% for SDW, DIW, and CIW, respectively. Therefore, optimum HRT increased the organic matter removal efficiencies by 10%, sludge concentration by 37% (22–55%), and F/M ratio by 70%. Moreover, the polyelectrolytes used in AS improved the sludge flocculation by 2.9 times.     

电动车辆国家标准及电动车辆改进建议

2006年,京华BK6120EV型号的两台纯电动公交车样车在交通部公路交通试验场进行定型检测,作为国家863计划电动车重点课题的新车型正式交付使用。本文结合样车在试验场的定型试验和试验过程中的整改,对包括加速性能、爬坡性能、制动性能、续驶里程等检测项目进行分析,归纳了电动车辆在控制、性能、可靠性等改进的措施,并结合电动车辆国家标准要求,提出电动车辆电池组、控制策略、散热系统等方面工程化改进建议,作为电动车辆领域研究、设计和制造的参考资料。