政府渔业补助政策与博弈

渔业补助政策是政府为弥补市场经济缺陷而采取的重要措施，本文应用博弈论对政府与渔民的互动博弈展开研究，并确立了混合策略模型下的政府和渔民各自最佳选择概率，达到纳什均衡，这对于解释当前政府渔业补助政策内涵与指导修订补助政策有参考意义。     

Apocrine adenocarcinoma in a golden hamster.

An apocrine adenocarcinoma was observed in the subcutis of the abdomen of golden hamster. Histologically, the tumor cells irregularly formed multiple layers of cysts and some detached cells were presented in the cystic space. PAS stain with alpha-amylase digestion revealed PAS-positive alpha-amylase-resistant granules in the cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, cytokeratin was demonstrated in the tumor cells. By electron microscopy, the tumor cells had an oval nucleus with invagination, abundant cytoplasmic organelles and microvilli protruding into the intercellular spaces.     

黄麻（新、引进）品种在闽南地区的产量（鉴定）试验

通过对中国农科院麻类所新选育的3个黄麻圆果种和12个国外引进的黄麻优异品种进行2002-2005年品种比较试验，结果表明：C90-2、C90-6、C89-6比对照种粤圆五号增产14．97％-19．34％，均达极显著水平。O-3、O-1、O-3（红茎）比对照种宽叶长果增产32．02％-34．21％，均达极显著水平。O-4（Ⅱ）比对照种增产12．28％达显著水平。C-1、C-5比对照种粤圆五号增产11．90％和7．82％。且主要经济性状优良，抗病力强。黄麻品种C90-2、C90-6、C89-6、O-3、O-1、O-3（红茎）、0-4（Ⅱ）、C-1和C-5适合于福建闽南麻区推广种植。     

Immune Responses to Vibrio anguillarum in Yellowtail Kingfish,Seriola lalandi,Fed Selenium Supplementation

Effects of dietary selenium (Se) on immune competence of yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, were investigated. The fish were fed one of the three experimental diets including a control diet without Se supplementation and two diets supplemented with Se from Se‐yeast (Selplex) at 2 and 4 mg/kg. After feeding for 6 wk, the fish were challenged by injecting Vibrio anguillarum and observed for 2 wk. Dietary Se had no effect on feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and survival over the course of 6‐wk feeding; however, it significantly increased weight gain and Se content in muscle. Following the bacterial infection, the immune‐stimulating effects of Se were observed in antibody, lysozyme, and bactericidal responses, and there was a corresponding increase in survival and hematocrit by Se. Under infectious condition, antioxidant capacity of fish as measured in terms of resistance of red blood cells to peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity also increased by supplementation of Se. Liver necrosis and kidney melano‐macrophages were only seen in surviving fish fed the control diet after the challenge. Furthermore, there was evidence of myopathy in fish fed the diet without Se supplementation. This study suggests that Se, supplemented at 2 or 4 mg/kg, can improve growth and health of yellowtail kingfish.     

Ecology,physiology and genetics of a phycodnavirus infecting the noxious bloom-forming raphidophyte <Emphasis Type="Italic">Heterosigma akashiwo</Emphasis>

Abstract:   Heterosigma akashiwo virus (HaV) is a large icosahedral virus (∼0.2 μm) harboring a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome (∼294 kbp). The virus is the only member of the genus Raphidovirus in the family Phycodnaviridae. Since its first discovery, a number of ecologic, physiologic and genetic studies about HaV have been conducted; especially, the relationship between H. akashiwo and HaV in nature was studied and viral infection is now regarded as a significant factor influencing the dynamics and termination of H. akashiwo blooms. HaV infection has considerable impacts on H. akashiwo populations in both aspects of fluctuation in biomass (quantity) and changes in clonal composition (quality). Partial sequencing of the HaV genome revealed that a number of genes showed considerable similarity to those of other protist-infecting viruses; still, the phylogenetic position of HaV suggested a number of enigmas in host–virus coevolution. Here are summarized the ecology, physiology and genetics of HaV especially from the viewpoint of the host–virus relationship.     

四川自然土壤和旱耕地土壤可蚀性特征研究

应用美国通用土壤流失方程 (USLE)和土壤侵蚀预报模型 (WEPP)中的土壤可蚀性K值 ,对四川各类自然土壤和旱耕地土壤可蚀性特征进行了研究。结果表明 :土壤可蚀性K值与土壤理化性质直接相关 ,自然土壤和旱耕地土壤可蚀性K值在 0 2 68～ 0 3 44之间 ,紫色土的分布面积和K值较大 ,是易遭受侵蚀的土壤。应采取增施有机肥、实行坡改梯等措施 ,加强对耕地、高可蚀性土壤侵蚀的综合防治     

葡萄利用结果枝副梢二次结果栽培试验

摘要：在桂林葡萄产区开展利用结果枝副梢促花二次结果的栽培试验,总结在新梢生长期喷多效唑（或矮壮素）、对新梢重度修剪促进冬芽提早萌发是整齐促放葡萄二茬果的关键技术,观测了二茬果果品品质和效益,提出了生产二茬果注意的技术问题。     

国麦1号播期播量对群体发育及产量的影响

2002-2003年度在大田高产栽培条件下安排了国麦1号播期、播量裂区试验,对其群体结构指标、幼穗发育、产量与产量构成因素进行了观察和测定分析。结果表明,在本年度生态条件下,国麦1号的幼穗发育进程略晚于豫麦49。不同播期对产量、穗数、穗粒数影响不大,对千粒重影响明显,处理间差异达到显著水平;不同播量对产量、穗数影响均达到显著水平,对穗粒数的影响达到极显著水平。在河南省中部地区种植,可掌握在10月6日左右播种,基本苗控制在150万/hm2左右。     

基于45S rDNA-FISH的异源三倍体‘银中杨’小孢子母细胞减数分裂染色体行为追踪

【目的】利用FISH技术追踪三倍体‘银中杨’小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程特定染色体的行为,明确其配对和分离规律,丰富对杨树异源三倍体减数分裂过程染色体行为的细胞遗传学认识。【方法】以三倍体‘银中杨’花药为材料,对不同酶液组合和酶解时间进行筛选,在此基础上均进行减数分裂染色体制片,以45S rDNA序列为探针,利用FISH技术,对‘银中杨’小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程染色体行为进行追踪和分析。【结果】1)筛选出适于‘银中杨’小孢子母细胞减数分裂染色体制片的酶解条件为3%纤维素酶+1%果胶酶混合液在37℃下酶解3 h,结合压片和冷冻脱盖片,可获得细胞分散度良好,细胞质薄,背景干净,染色体形态清晰的制片,适用于FISH分析。2)45S rDNA探针信号定位于‘银中杨’3条同源染色体上,它们在中期I呈现III、II+I、I+I+I 3种配对形式,其中三价体发生的频率最高,达69.28%,II+I和I+I+I的配对类型分别占28.10%和2.61%,表明信号所定位的染色体亲缘关系可能较近,但也存在联会松弛的现象。3)约80.37%～93.44%的细胞在后期I至中期II发育阶段呈现2/1分离模式,约63....     

Commuting distances to local non‐farm workplaces and out‐migration: The case of Northeast Thailand

The relationship between commuting distances and where people work has been studied for urban contexts in both developed countries and developing countries. However, few studies have examined the situation in rural areas, and none look at commuting distances to non‐farm workplaces in rural areas of developing countries. This paper investigates how commuting distance, and thus accessibility, to local non‐farm work influences non‐farm employment and out‐migration from rural villages in Northeast Thailand. The main issues examined are: (i) the distance that rural residents travel to work in local non‐farm jobs; and (ii) the influence that local non‐farm employment has on the number of outmigrants from rural villages. The study finds: (i) distance between villages and non‐farm work sites impact the number of villagers who are employed in regular wage work; (ii) beyond 20 km villagers are less likely to travel to non‐farm employment using their own means of transportation; and (iii) employment in regular wage work decreases outmigration. The findings from this study contribute to the debates over the drivers of rural out‐migration, rural livelihood changes, and agrarian changes that are taking place in Southeast Asia.