分层次教学中提问的探讨

当前职业学校分层次教学中 ,在运用提问这种教学手段时 ,面对优、中、差三个层次学生的实际情况 ,在提问的对象上应兼顾到各层面的学生 ,在提问的内容及难度上 ,应考虑到学生个体的情况 ,从而使全体学生都能在原有的水平上积极思考 ,获得各自的需求 ,能得到最大的收获     

节能日光温室光照强度的分布及其变化

在充分考虑了温室结构和植株生长影响的基础上,对日光温室光照强度的变化规律进行了研究,得到的主要结论如下:冠层上部辐射强度的南北差异比东西差异大;冠层下部光照条件东西差异明显,南北差异不大。总体上讲,辐射强度上下差异比南北差异明显。     

塔里木河流域生态环境恶化的水文效应

塔里木河是我国最大的内陆河。 4条源流出山口多年平均天然径流量 2 2 4 .9× 10 8m3 (195 7～ 2 0 0 1年 )。在全球变暖的大背景下 ,塔里木河流域山区气候出现变暖增湿的趋势 ,2 0世纪 90年代径流量达 2 4 1.9× 10 8m3 ,增幅 7.6 %。由于源流区人类开发利用水资源的影响 ,使得补给塔里木河干流的水量不断减少 ,水文条件改变 ,造成干流上、中游段耗水严重 ,导致下游生态与环境急剧退化。自 2 0 0 0年以来 ,实施的从开都河—博斯腾湖向下游绿色走廊应急输水 ,已使下游生态环境开始恢复生机。     

20%多效唑·甲哌 FEE7 微乳剂防止小麦倒伏和增产机理研究

冬小麦二棱期喷施植物生长调节剂20%多效唑·甲哌鎓微乳剂375 mL/hm2,可以显著抑制茎秆基部节间伸长,增加各节间充实度,其中赤霉素(Gas)和生长素(IAA)降低,可显著增强小麦抗倒伏能力和降低田间倒伏率.处理还协调了穗数、穗粒数和粒重的关系,增产幅度6.2%～28.6%.增产原因可能在于促进籽粒灌浆强,增加籽粒中内源Gas、IAA、细胞分裂素(CTKs)的水平,增强了籽粒库活性,同时促进茎叶中干物质向籽粒运转.     

Effect of insulin on the secretion of VEGF and its receptor in serum-free cultured bovine thoracic aortic endothelial cells

AIM: This study was designed to investigate the secretion of VEGF and its receptor (flt-1 or flk-1/KDR) protein by cultured bovine thoracic aortic endothelial cells treated with various insulin concentrations. METHODS: Endothelial cells was isolated from bovine thoracic aorta, and cultured in serum-free medium, then incubated with different insulin concentrations (30 mU/L, 300 mU/L, 3 000 mU/L). The level of VEGF and its receptor (flt-1 or flk-1/KDR) protein were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: As compared with no insulin group, the expression of VEGF protein in low insulin concentration (30 mU/L and 300 mU/L) groups were significantly increased (P＜0.01). The expression of VEGF protein in high insulin concentration (3 000 mU/L) group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Howerer, no difference of the expression of VEGF receptor (flt-1 or flk-1/KDR) protein among all groups (P＞0.05) was observed. CONCLUSION: Low concentration insulin up-regulates the VEGF protein expression while high concentration insulin down-regulates the VEGF protein expression in bovine thoracic aortic endothelial cells, but insulin had no directly effect on the VEGF receptor (flt-1 or flk-1/KDR) protein expression in bovine thoracic aortic endothelial cells.     

Radioligand binding assay of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney during ischemic and reperfusion

AIM: To observe the change of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney with acute ischemic-reperfusion injury. METHODS: 15 Japanese white rabbits were allocated randomly into control group, ischemic-reperfusion group(IR group). IR group received clamping for 1 h followed by 2 h or 48 h of reperfusion. At 2 h or 48 h after reperfusion, glucose and insulin in serum were determined. Insulin receptor in renal tissue was analyzed by radioligand binging assay(BAD). RESULTS: The level of serum glucose increased after 2 h reperfusion in 2 groups, but in IR group the value increased much more higher than those in control groups(P＜0.05). Plasma insulin of IR group was significantly higher than that in control after 2 h reperfusion(P＜0.05). Scatchard analysis of data resulted in curvilinear profiles, indicating that there are two classes of receptors with different affinity or the presence of a single class of receptors with a negative cooperative hormone-receptor interaction. Data analyzed for a two-site model showed that the values of Bmax₁(high affinity site), Bmax₂(low affinity site) and Kd₁, Kd₂ were significantly lower than that of control (P＜0.05) after 2 h perfusion. 48 h after IR there was no difference of Bmax₁, Bmax₂, and Kd₁ between 2 groups,but Kd₂ of IR group was higher than that of control (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the effect of intrinsic insulin decreases in the progress of the renal ischemic-reperfusion. The resulting high serum glucose may aggravate renal injury in the progress of ischemic-reperfusion.     

IFNγ诱导的p47GTPase对细胞内病原体的免疫

干扰素通过各种信号途径诱导它的效应基因转录和表达,这些被表达的蛋白质因子种类很多,它们通过不同的机制来发挥免疫作用。除了抗病毒、抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用以外,有些蛋白质因子还具有对细胞内寄生病原体的免疫作用。p47GTPase家族就是其中典型的一类,当其成员中的某个基因缺失时,动物表现出对相应病原体的易感性增强。p47GTPase通过与吞噬体结合来溶解病原微生物,并将病原体的抗原表位呈递给淋巴细胞,发挥多环节的免疫作用。     

磨盘柿的组培快繁

用磨盘柿当年生枝条制备外植体,进行磨盘柿组培快繁技术研究.结果表明,适宜的启动培养基为MS BA 3.0mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L,分化培养基为MS BA 4.0mg/L NAA 0.2mg/L,生根培养基为1/2MS NAA 0.2mg/L.     

芩花口服液抗鸡新城疫病毒体外研究

为研发抗新城疫病毒(NDV)新药,将黄芩、金银花、前胡、甘草等中药制成的芩花口服液稀释至安全范围浓度,在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)培养系统中进行抗NDV感染试验.用MTT法测定NDV感染CEF能力的变化.结果显示:先加芩花口服液后接种NDV、先接种NDV后加芩花口服液、芩花口服液和NDV同时加入,芩花口服液浓度为0.0625、0.125、0.25、0.50、1.0、2.0 mg/mL时均有显著抗NDV感染CEF作用.此试验初步为寻求抗NDV药物提供一条新途径.     

棉花品种间苗期钾吸收效率的差异研究

在水培条件下研究了转基因抗虫棉中棉所41和常规棉中棉所36、中棉所35三个品种苗期钾吸收效率的差异及其机制.结果表明,在营养液中钾浓度为0.5 mmol·L-1,可使棉花幼苗生长速率达到最高生长速率80%左右的条件下,中棉所35和中棉所41在6～7叶期的生物量和体内钾吸收量显著高于中棉所36.中棉所35的吸钾量多主要与其根系活跃吸收表面积大有关;中棉所41的吸钾量多可能是相对较大的根系活跃吸收表面积和相对较高的Imax综合作用的结果.中棉所36的Imax虽然显著高于其它两个品种,但体内钾累积量却比较低,这与其较小的根系活跃吸收表面积有关,该品种体内较高的钾浓度也可能对吸收产生反馈抑制作用.在本试验条件下,转基因抗虫棉中棉所41的苗期钾吸收能力与常规棉相比并不低.