人CD14信号肽介导卵清蛋白在HEK293T细胞的高效表达

本试验将人CD14信号肽序列与卵清蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）基因融合,旨在提高OVA在非输卵管上皮细胞中的表达。提取鸡输卵管上皮细胞总RNA,经反转录合成的cDNA,再利用修饰的特异性引物,通过PCR从cDNA中分别扩增出5’端与人CD14信号肽序列融合和非融合的OVA基因,并将它们分别插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1A中,构建成表达载体pcDNA-CD14sp-OVA和pcDNA-OVA。经磷酸钙介导,将质粒转染至HEK293T细胞,使其进行表达,用鼠抗OVA单克隆抗体通过免疫印迹（Western blot）法检测OVA表达水平。结果表明:本试验扩增的OVA基因序列与GenBank中的序列（登录号NM₂05152）一致,构建的人CD14信号肽序列融合OVA基因的表达载体结构正确。经过在HEK293T细胞的表达,融合人CD14信号肽序列的重组蛋白OVA的表达水平明显得到提高。结果提示,融合人CD14信号肽序列后的重组蛋白OVA在非输卵管上皮细胞中的表达水平明显提高,为OVA基因作为DNA疫苗模式抗原的应用提供了必要的条件。     

Association between weight change during initial chemotherapy and clinical outcome in dogs with multicentric lymphoma

The majority of the known prognostic factors in dogs with lymphoma have been evaluated before treatment commences or at the time of diagnosis. Prognostic factors evaluated during the initial phase of treatment are less described but may provide important clinical information. In this retrospective study, 82 canine lymphoma patients were categorized according to the weight change between diagnosis and after 5 weeks of chemotherapy. Dogs that gained greater than 5% or lost greater than 5% of initial body weight were categorized as increased‐ or decreased‐weight groups, respectively. Those in which weight changed less than 5% were categorized as the maintained‐weight group. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) in the increased‐weight group, maintained‐weight group and decreased‐weight group was 226, 256 and 129 days, respectively. The decreased‐weight group had significantly shorter PFS than the increased and maintained groups (P = .023, P = .003, respectively). The median survival time (ST) in the increased‐weight group, maintained‐weight group and decreased‐weight group was 320, 339 and 222 days, respectively. There was no significant difference in ST among the three groups (P = .128). In Cox‐regression results, weight change group and initial body weight were significant risk factors associated to PFS (P = .007, P = .001, respectively) while only patient's initial body weight was a significant risk factor to ST (P = .013). In conclusion, evaluation of initial body weight and weight changes over time can provide valuable information regarding PFS and ST in dogs with multicentric lymphoma.     

以電化學分析法探討堆肥對土壤三價砷活性的影響

台灣西南沿?貐^土壤中砷含量有偏高情形,砷含量過高會經由各種途徑對人體造成毒害。以X-射線繞射儀與傅立葉轉換紅外線吸收光譜儀證明普魯士藍對三價砷的孯恍晕綑C制,再以普魯士藍修飾電極搭配流動注入系統來偵測土壤三價砷,並探討堆肥對三價砷在不同土壤中吸附與脫附的影響。試驗結果得知電化學分析技術可快速、簡便且準確地偵測土壤三價砷,且結果中也指出堆肥處理會增加秀水與後里土壤對三價砷的吸附。此外,三種土壤不論有無施用堆肥,脫附百分率的大小順序爲興大>秀水>後里,其中秀水土壤雖在施用堆肥後吸附力大小明顯增加,但脫附百分率下降的情形較不明顯,顯示黏土礦物種類與含量控制三價砷的脫附行爲。     

Multiple forms of esterases in mouse,rat, and rabbit liver,and their role in hydrolysis of organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides

Six to seven esterases from mouse, rat, and rabbit liver microsomes were resolved by chromatofocusing in the pH range 7–4. Each esterase peak showed a different substrate specificity pattern with the substrates evaluated. Malathion and paraoxon hydrolysis always corresponded with p-nitrophenyl acetate and methylthiobutyrate hydrolysis, whereas the pattern of fenvalerate hydrolysis was more complicated. Phosphorotriester hydrolase activity was isolated, and was found to be more specific toward paraoxon than toward the other insecticides. Time-course studies of paraoxon hydrolysis indicated that the hydrolysis of paraoxon by carboxylesterase was an inhibitory reaction. This reaction and phosphorotriester hydrolase activity can serve as a detoxication reaction toward organophosphate insecticides.     

南黄杂种牛与本地黄牛生长发育对比研究

针对甘南本地黄牛体格小、生产性能低的现状，用南德温牛细管冻精授配甘南本地黄牛，结果表明，南杂F1代个体具有早熟、生长快、耐粗饲、饲料转化率高、抗病力强、难产率低等一系列优良特性，很适合当地黄牛养殖区大面积推广。     

Plasma Progesterone Profile in Ovariectomized Beef Cows after Intra-vaginal Insertion of New, Once-used or Twice-used CIDR

Objective of this study was to show plasma progesterone concentrations in ovariectomized beef cows after treatment with new, once-used and twice-used controlled internal drug-releasing devices (CIDRs). Four ovariectomized beef cows were used for the experiment. Plasma concentrations of progesterone were quantified using a validated ELISA. The CIDR was inserted into vagina of cows by using a standard CIDR applicator and then removed 7 days after insertion. One week later, once-used CIDR was inserted and removed on day 7. Twice-used CIDR was, then inserted at an interval of 7 days. Mean plasma concentrations of progesterone 24 h after new CIDR insertion was 4.0 ± 0.1 ng/ml, which thereafter decreased gradually to 1.4 ± 0.1 ng/ml at day 7. In cows treated with once-used CIDR or twice-used CIDR, mean plasma progesterone concentrations at day 1 were 2.4 ± 0.2 or 1.8 ± 0.2 ng/ml and 1.0 ± 0 or 0.9 ± 0.1 ng/ml at day 7 respectively. The results suggest that once-used CIDR may be still effective to produce luteal phase progesterone concentrations in plasma in non-suckling beef cows.     

Genetics of multiple disease resistance in a doubled-haploid population of barley

The barley accession Q21861 possesses resistance to the stem-rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici), leaf-rust (P. hordei), and powdery-mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) pathogens. An anther-culture-derived doubled-haploid population was produced from F₁ plants from a cross of this accession and the susceptible breeding line SM89010 as a means of rapidly and efficiently determining the genetics of multiple disease resistance. The doubled-haploid population segregated 1:1 (resistant:susceptible) for resistance to the stem rust pathotype QCC indicating the involvement of a single resistance gene, rpg4. Two-gene (3:1) and one-gene (1:1) segregation ratios were observed for resistance to the stem-rust pathotype MCC at low (23–25°c) and high (27–29°C) temperature, respectively. These different segregation patterns were due to a pathotype × temperature interaction exhibited by rpg4 and Rpg1. another stem-rust-resistance gene present in Q21861. One-gene and two-gene segregation ratios were observed in reaction to the leaf rust and powdery mildew pathogens. These data demonstrate the utility of doubled haploid populations for determining the genetics of multiple disease resistance in barley.