桑苗圃和桑园的化学除草

用氟乐灵和精稳杀得或高效盖草能进行桑苗圃除草，用草甘磷和乙草胺混合进行桑园除草，可有效地防除杂草。     

母牛一胎双犊技术的研究

选择9头母牛先行人工授精、7天后再移植冷冻胚胎以生产双犊。试验结果表明,母牛产双犊达44.44%(P<0.01)。提示:采用A(I人工授精)+ET(胚胎移植)是提高母牛双犊率的有效技术措施之一。     

国内外农村住宅建设比较

农村住宅建设是新农村建设的重要组成部分，在农村经济、社会、生态和文化发展等方面发挥着重要作用。从生态住宅建设角度出发，借鉴国外农村住宅建设经验，依据我国农村住宅建设现状，通过国内外农村住宅建设对比分析，总结国外农村生态住宅建设对我国的启示。      

秈粳稻杂交育种研究

作者研究了秈粳杂种的生育特性及结实性等经济性状的遗传变异,认为以出穗期为主要指标进行选择,结合其他性状的变异动态,逐步确立优良系统,有助于提高选择的效率,和建立较为合理的杂交育种程序与方法。     

Dietary habits of grazers influence their suitability as biological controls of fouling macroalgae in ex situ mariculture

The dietary habits of the sea urchin Salmacis sphaeroides and the gastropod Trochus maculatus in ex situ mariculture were examined. Fouling algal assemblages on terracotta tiles were exposed to the grazers and compared. Except for Day 0, the assemblages on Days 2, 13 and 27 differed significantly across treatments. S. sphaeroides rapidly consumed most algae, leaving an assemblage dominated by turf algae and bare tile. T. maculatus primarily fed on green filamentous algae, resulting in an even distribution of other algal functional groups, while control tiles were dominated by green filamentous algae. Using three representative fouling algae species (Bryopsis corymbosa, Hypnea spinella and Lobophora variegata), the consumption rates of both grazers and dietary preferences of S. sphaeroides were examined through a single‐diet and a choice experiment respectively. The single‐diet experiment revealed differential algal consumption rates for S. sphaeroides (H. spinella = B. corymbosa > L. variegata) and T. maculatus (B. corymbosa > H. spinella = L. variegata). The choice experiment showed that S. sphaeroides preferred H. spinella over the other two species. These experiments highlighted the importance of understanding the dietary habits of grazers as this has direct implications on their effectiveness as biological controls of fouling macroalgae in mariculture.     

降雨强度和坡度对细沟形态特征的综合影响

细沟的形态特征研究可揭示坡面侵蚀发生机理,且细沟形态对坡面径流和侵蚀有重要影响;而现有研究仅用细沟密度和细沟宽深比等指标来表征细沟形态,不能全面准确地反映细沟的形态特征。为此基于模拟降雨试验,研究降雨强度和坡度对黄土坡面细沟侵蚀和细沟形态特征的综合影响。试验处理包括3种黄土高原有代表性的侵蚀性降雨(50、75、100 mm/h)和3个细沟侵蚀发生最常见的坡度(10°、15°、20°)。试验结果表明,坡面侵蚀速率和细沟侵蚀速率均随着降雨强度和坡度的增加呈幂函数增加。试验条件下,细沟倾斜度介于16°~20°之间,随着降雨强度的增加而增大,随着坡度的增加而减小;细沟密度、细沟割裂度和细沟复杂度分别为0.74~1.95 m/m2、0.08~0.17和1.09~1.38,三者皆随降雨强度和坡度的增加而增大;细沟宽深比为1.93~2.35,随着降雨强度和坡度的增加而减小。通过相关分析发现,细沟割裂度是评价细沟侵蚀和细沟形态的最优指标;研究降雨强度对细沟形态的影响时,建议优先选用细沟割裂度、细沟复杂度和细沟倾斜度指标;分析坡度对细沟形态的影响时,除选取细沟割裂度外,建议优先选用细沟密度和细沟宽深比指标。细沟横断面主要呈"V形",随着降雨强度和坡度的增加,径流紊动性增强,细沟横断面变化趋于不规则,说明细沟横断面变化可以反映径流的变化特征,从而揭示细沟侵蚀发生机理。     

Cloning, functional expression, and characterization of cystatin in sesame seed

A cDNA fragment encoding cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor, was obtained from maturing sesame seeds. The clone was constructed in a nonfusion or fusion vector and then overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant cystatins were found in the soluble fraction of cell extract and were demonstrated to be functionally active in a reverse zymographic assay. The corresponding endogenous 22 kDa cystatin of low abundance in mature seeds was purified to homogeneity via a papain-coupling affinity column and confirmed by western blotting with antibodies against the recombinant cystatin. Both endogenous and recombinant cystatin proteins showed effective inhibitory activities against papain with K(i) values of 7.89 x 10(-8) M and 2.77 x 10(-8) M, respectively. Immunodetection indicated that cystatin was specifically expressed in maturing seeds and rapidly degraded in germination. Accordingly, zymographic and inhibition analyses showed that sesame cystatin could not inhibit the de novo synthesized proteases in germinating seeds. It is suggested that sesame cystatin may play a role in the regulation of endogenous cysteine proteases during seed maturation and germination.     

半干旱黄土丘陵区典型抗旱造林整地技术集流效果研究

以宁南山区生态建设中推广应用的典型抗旱造林整地工程为研究对象,针对工程措施的集流效果进行研究,结果表明:实施"88542"集流造林整地工程,能够有效地改善土壤的水分状况,尤其在0-60 cm土层表现较为明显;工程措施的集流效果随地形的变化有所不同:随坡位自上而下改变,"88542"集流水平沟比集流坡面水分的增加率总体上呈增大趋势;随着坡长增大,工程措施对水分增加率也呈增大趋势;随坡度的增大,水平沟相对集流面的水分增加率也随之增加;随坡向不同,工程措施的集流效果则无明显差异;相对于工程措施的集流效果,坡长和坡度之间呈正相关关系,故在工程设计中,坡度越大,相应集流坡面长度就要缩短,反之坡度越缓,集流坡面长度就要增加.     

谷子基本核型的研究

 我们对具有代表性的10个谷子品种进行了核型分析，综合这些核型特征提出了一个谷子基本核型模式图：K（2n）=2x=18=16m+2st（SAT）。这对解决细胞学图与传统的表示基因定位的遗传学图往往不甚符合的矛盾，是有参考价值的。     

公路路面工程管理与质量管理的经验与体会

介绍了公路路面工程管理与质量管理的经验和体会,阐明了要做好质量管理,必须从组织、人员、制度三方面抓起,并建立健全全面质量保证体系。