QTL analysis for plant height and fine mapping of two environmentally stable QTLs with major effects in soybean

Plant height is an important agronomic trait, which is governed by multiple genes with major or minor effects. Of numerous QTLs for plant height reported in soybean, most are in large genomic regions, which results in a still unknown molecular mechanism for plant height. Increasing the density of molecular markers in genetic maps will significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of QTL mapping. This study constructed a high-density genetic map using 4 011 recombination bin markers developed from whole genome re-sequencing of 241 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and their bi-parents, Zhonghuang 13 (ZH) and Zhongpin 03-5373 (ZP). The total genetic distance of this bin map was 3 139.15 cM, with an average interval of 0.78 cM between adjacent bin markers. Comparative genomic analysis indicated that this genetic map showed a high collinearity with the soybean reference genome. Based on this bin map, nine QTLs for plant height were detected across six environments, including three novel loci (qPH-b_11, qPH-b_17 and qPH-b_18). Of them, two environmentally stable QTLs qPH-b_13 and qPH-b_19-1 played a major role in plant height, which explained 10.56–32.7% of the phenotypic variance. They were fine-mapped to 440.12 and 237.06 kb region, covering 54 and 28 annotated genes, respectively. Via the function of homologous genes in Arabidopsis and expression analysis, two genes of them were preferentially predicted as candidate genes for further study.     

耐草甘膦转EPSPS/GAT大豆多重PCR检测体系的建立及应用

【目的】建立一种精准、高效的草甘膦抗性基因G2-EPSPS和GAT的检测方法,为转基因大豆新品系ZH10-6的广泛应用提供技术支持。【方法】根据抗草甘膦大豆ZH10-6和受体中黄10的分子特征,设计大豆内源参考基因(Actin)、外源基因(G2-EPSPS和GAT)以及侧翼序列(G2EPSPS-2/ZH10P2和ZH10P1/GAT-2)的特异性引物,通过PCR扩增测试引物的特异性和适用性。调整引物配比、DNA模板量、dNTP含量、退火温度和延伸温度等,筛选该多重PCR体系的最适扩增条件。将转基因大豆ZH10-6和受体中黄10的基因组DNA按质量比混合,制备成100%、50%、10%、5%、1%、0.5%、0.1%和0的DNA样品,进行灵敏度检测。运用建立的多重PCR体系检测转基因大豆ZH10-6不同地理来源的11份衍生品系,并根据鉴定结果对该体系的应用性进行评价。【结果】建立的多重PCR方法中引物GmActin11 F/R、G2-EPSPS F/R、GAT F/R、ZH10P1/GAT和G2/ZH10P2可分别扩增出转基因大豆ZH10-6大小为126、430、338、810和1 62...     

基于SNP标记的桃矮化基因精细定位

【目的】矮化型桃树体矮小、节间短,是盆栽观赏和砧木育种的重要遗传资源。明确矮化性状形成的遗传机制并对桃矮化基因进行精细定位,是建立目标性状分子辅助选种体系和遗传改良的前提,可为有目标的选育矮化观赏桃和砧木品种奠定基础。【方法】以‘05-2-144’(‘97矮’ב鸳鸯垂枝’桃)套袋自交获得的395个后代单株构建的分离群体为材料。参考桃基因组信息并基于Sanger技术开发的SNP标记对亲本和后代单株进行分析,在扩大群体单株中进行连锁关系分析,确定连锁的SNP标记,初步定位目标基因。在定位区域内基于二代测序技术开发更多的基因型和表型一致的SNP标记,对后代单株进行基因分型,完成目标性状的精细定位。然后在精细定位区域内开发SNP标记,即杂交群体双亲均为Aa杂合基因型,对‘10-7’ב96-5-1’杂交后代89个单株进行分子鉴定,以验证基因定位结果的准确性。【结果】通过对桃单株‘05-2-144’自交后代实生苗表型鉴定表明,普通型和矮化型单株数分别为300株和95株,性状分离比例接近3﹕1(P值为0.67;χ2为0.19),符合孟德尔遗传规律,桃矮化性状受隐性单基因控制。用于分子鉴定的单株来源于‘10-7’(普通型)ב96-5-1’(普通型)杂交组合,共获得89个后代单株,其中普通型66株;矮化型23株(P值为0.854;χ2为0.034)。基于Sanger测序技术开发了SNP标记,在桃基因组数据库Pp06上25 230 425 bp和27 191 090 bp处获得了连锁的SNP标记,且目标基因位于这两个标记的右侧,初步获得了连锁的SNP分子标记。在此基础上,对亲本进行66.89X深度测序,继续开发符合Aa杂合基因型的SNP标记位点。根据参考基因组和物理距离区间共设计了15对SNP引物,其中12对引物与重测序结果中SNP的类型一致,3对引物与重测序结果中SNP的类型不一致,连锁标记的基因分型成功率为80.0%。通过基于SNP基因分型分析,最终完成了目标性状的精细定位,位点位于Pp06的28 712165 bp(引物为JXSNP-5)和28 899 661 bp(引物为JXHRM-SNP-3)之间,遗传距离分别为0.38 c M和0.13 c M,物理距离约为277 kb,精细定位区域内有54个已知转录本。在定位区域内桃基因组Pp06的28 108 436 bp处和29 247 763 bp处开发SNP标记用于杂交后代表型的鉴定,结果表明所有后代单株基因型和表型鉴定结果完全一致,鉴定准确率为100%。【结论】本研究精细定位了桃矮化基因,物理距离约为277 kb,为基因克隆、亲本早期筛选以选育矮化观赏桃和砧木品种等奠定了基础。     

油菜株高QTL定位、整合和候选基因鉴定

【目的】通过对油菜株高进行多环境QTL定位并与已报道的油菜株高QTL和植物株高基因分别进行整合和比对分析,揭示油菜株高的遗传结构和候选基因并为其分子改良提供依据。【方法】以油菜优良品种中双11(测序)和No.73290(重测序)衍生的含184个单株的Bna ZNF2群体为试验材料。首先,对Bna ZNF2群体进行基因型分析,利用Joinmap 4.0软件构建了一张含803个分子标记的高密度遗传图谱。其次,对F2:3和F2:4家系进行连续两年(2010—2011)两点(武汉和西宁)田间试验和表型鉴定。然后,利用Bna ZNF2群体的基因型数据和F2:3以及F2:4家系的株高表型数据,采用Win QTLCart 2.5软件的复合区间作图法进行QTL检测。最后,利用元分析的方法采用Bio Mercator软件对不同环境中检测到的株高QTL进行整合。【结果】对两年两点环境下分别检测到的株高QTL进行整合总共得到5个株高QTL的位点:q PH.A2-1、q PH.A2-2、q PH.C2-1、q PH.C3-1和q PH.C3-2,分布于A2、C2和C3染色体上,解释2.6%—55.6%的表型方差。其中,q PH.A2-1和q PH.A2-2只在武汉检测到,而q PH.C2-1、q PH.C3-1和q PH.C3-2只在西宁检测到。位于C2连锁群的主效QTL-q PH.C2-1只在西宁被重复检测到,而且LOD值、加性效应和贡献率(分别为23.4、-16.0和55.6%)均高于前人报道,是目前发现的效应最大的一个油菜株高QTL。基于油菜基因组物理图谱对本研究和已报道的油菜株高QTL和植物株高基因分别进行整合和比对分析,获得了一个由183个QTL和287个候选基因组成的相对完整的油菜株高遗传结构图。其中,有18个株高QTL簇能在不同研究中被共同检测到,分布在A1、A2、A3、A6、A7、A9、C6和C7染色体上。另外,本研究定位到的5个油菜株高QTL的物理位置和已报道的油菜株高QTL均不重叠,因而是新的株高QTL位点。其中,q PH.A2-2、q PH.C3-1和q PH.C3-2物理区间内总共找到了15个株高同源基因,而11个在2个亲本中存在序列变异,被选作候选基因进行进一步研究。【结论】QTL定位和整合获得5个油菜株高QTL,均为首次报道而且都只在武汉或西宁被检测到。其中位于C2连锁群的主效QTL效应值超过以往报道,表现出极强的QTL与环境的互作。通过与已报道的油菜株高QTL和植物株高基因分别进行整合和比对分析,较为全面地揭示了油菜株高的遗传结构和候选基因,生物信息学分析还鉴定到11个位于本研究定位到的3个株高QTL区间内的候选基因。     

利用回交和标记辅助选择快速培育高油酸花生品种及其评价

【目的】高油酸育种是花生品质改良的重要方向,利用回交育种结合标记选择可快速实现现有推广品种的高油酸化改良,探讨利用这一技术体系进行花生高油酸遗传改良的实践和效率。【方法】以目前推广的优质高产抗病品种中花16、中花21、泉花551、徐花13为轮回亲本（母本,基因型AABB）,以高油酸材料冀花13为非轮回亲本（父本,基因型aabb）配制4个杂交组合,一年种植两季并进行人工杂交或自交,夏季在武汉种植,冬季在湛江南繁基地种植,通过1次杂交、4次回交和1次自交得到BC₄F₂后代。利用PCR产物测序方法,鉴定杂交和回交后代的基因型：根据回交后代基因型分离规律及ahFAD2A与ahFAD2B序列高度同源性的特点,用引物F0.7/R3在一个PCR反应内同时高效扩增F₁和回交后代（BC₁F₁-BC₄F₁）的ahFAD2A和ahFAD2B片段,并利用R3作为测序引物进行反向测序,读取测序峰图判别基因型,在回交后代中筛选基因型AaBb的后代作为下代回交父本。自交后代（BC₄F₂-BC₄F₃）基因型鉴定采用KASP分型,获得高油酸（基因型aabb）后代。对获得的基因型为aabb的高油酸后代与其对应轮回亲本进行重要农艺性状、品质和重要抗病性的调查和SSR标记检测。【结果】在3年时间内,4个组合分别获得10、5、6、8株BC₄F₂高油酸纯合隐性基因型（aabb）单株,通过一代自交获得相应的BC₄F₃株系,对获得的高油酸株系与轮回亲本进行植物学、农艺性状、品质和青枯病抗性的考察,最终,4个组合均获得了与轮回亲本综合性状最接近的株系,分别为ZJ019、ZJ109、ZJ160和ZJ805,其油酸含量为82.54%、79.85%、79.22%、和78.94%,可作为轮回亲本对应的高油酸新品种。另外,本研究还对中花16回交组合中获得的高油酸株系的遗传背景进行了SSR分子检测,发现ZJ019株系的回复率达94.8%,在该组合中回复率最高,这一结果与植物学、农艺性状鉴定的结果一致。【结论】利用连续回交、南繁加代和分子标记辅助选择等技术可在3年内快速实现现有推广花生品种的高油酸化改良。     

Identification of candidate genes related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds using multiple genetic analyses

Soluble sugar content in seeds is an important quality trait of soybean. In this study, 57 quantitative trait loci(QTLs) related to soluble sugar contents in soybean seeds were collected from databases and published papers. After meta-overview-collinearity integrated analysis to refine QTL intervals, eight consensus QTLs were identified. To further verify the consensus QTLs, a population of chromosome segment substitution lines(CSSLs) was analyzed. Two lines containing fragments covering the reg...     

西瓜果形基因图位克隆及分子标记开发

【目的】基于GBS（Genotyping-by-sequencing）高密度遗传图谱初步定位结果,通过图位克隆方法对西瓜果形基因进行精细定位,并开发功能性分子标记,有助于全面研究果形基因的功能及分子标记辅助选择育种。【方法】利用114份纯合西瓜品系全基因组重测序数据及其果形指数表型进行GWAS（genome-wide association study）分析,结合GBS高密度遗传图谱初步定位结果确定果形基因候选区段,以商业小型西瓜品种纯化所得品系K2（椭圆形、FSI=1.54±0.13）和L1（圆形、FSI=1.11±0.07）为材料构建F₂群体,通过开发分子标记对果形基因ClFSI进行精细定位,根据西瓜参考基因组‘97103’v1注释信息确定候选基因,并通过实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）进行验证。【结果】利用1 152份F₂群体,最终将ClFSI精细定位于3号染色体的FMFSI-1与FMFSI-2标记之间物理距离约63 kb区间内,共包含5个注释基因。其中Cla011257属于已报道与控制果实纵径和果形相关的SUN基因家族。经测序分析发现,西瓜椭圆形品系K2在该基因第3外显子上存在两个非同义突变位点Chr3：26846636 G-A和Chr3：26847041 G-A（‘97103’v1）,分别导致天冬酰胺（Asn）替换为天冬氨酸（Asp）和谷氨酸（Glu）替换为赖氨酸（Lys）,并利用Chr3：26847041突变位点开发功能性分子标记FSICAPS-2。qRT-PCR分析表明,K2（椭圆形）与Charleston Gray（细长形）中候选基因表达量无显著性差异,但均显著高于L1（圆形）。【结论】本研究将控制西瓜果形的ClFSI精细定位于3号染色体63 kb区间内,推测Cla011257为最终目的基因,Chr3：26847041和Chr3：26846636突变位点是导致果形不同程度伸长的重要位点,并开发了可以同时鉴定Cla011257多种突变类型的功能标记FSICAPS-2。     

Fine mapping and genetic analysis of resistance genes,Rsc18, against soybean mosaic virus

Soybean mosaic virus(SMV) affects seed quality and production of soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) worldwide. SC18 is one of the dominant SMV strains in South China, and accession Zhonghuang 24 displayed resistance to SC18. The F₁, F₂ and 168 F₁₁ recombinant inbred lines(RILs) population derived from a hybridization between Zhonghuang 24(resistant, R) and Huaxia 3(susceptible, S) were used in this study. According to the segregation ratios of the F₂ gener...     

Construction of Soybean Genetic Map with RIL Population by Charleston ×Dongnong 594

F2:10 RIL population with 154 lines, crossed by Charleston as female parent and Dongnong 594 as male parent were used.164 SSR primers were screened with the two parents and amplified on the 154 lines. A new soybean molecular genetics map, named NEAUSRI-GMS, was constructed by Mapmaker. The total length of the soybean genetic map is 1 913.5 cM,and the average distance among markers is 11.89 cM. The length of linkage group varied from 0.4 to 309.5 cM, and the markers on the linkage group varied from 2 to 28. The distribution of SSR markers on every linkage group is not even. High density region of markers existed on linkage group Al, C2, and Dla. Compared with 5 soybean genetic maps constructed at home and abroad, NEAUSRI-GMS has high homologous with the public genetic map abroad.     

Tagging Salt Tolerant Gene Using PCR Markers in Soybean

The purpose of this study was to screen and identify PCR markers associated with salt tolerant gene in soybean( Glycine soja L. ) so that salt tolerance can be identified efficiently and accurately. Between these tolerant and sensitivity to salt and three crosses were tested in this experiment. By BSA method, two codominant PCR markers were identified through the salt tolerant (sensitive) cuitivars bulks and the salt tolerant (sensitive) individual bulks of a F2 population. There was a 600bp band in the sensitive individuals and a 700bp band or two 700bp/600bp bands in the tolerant individuals. The markers were closely linked with salt tolerant/sensitive alleles. Moreover the markers were tested in the other two F2 populations from “salt tolerant cultivar × sensitive cuitivar“ and confirmed by 12 salt tolerance cultivars and 13 salt sensitive cultivars with different genetic background. It indicated that the markers (700bp and 600bp) could be applied in salt tolerant identification of the soybean germplasm resources, and markers-assisted selection in salt tolerant breeding of soybean. The markers, its obtained method and application were patented for invention in 1998.     

蒿属植物叶绿体基因组特征及进化

蒿属植物具有重要的药用和经济价值,开展蒿属物种叶绿体基因组研究,为我国蒿属植物的分类鉴定和资源利用提供借鉴。基于29个蒿属物种叶绿体基因组序列,采用REPuter、MISA、DNASP和IQ-TREE等生物信息学软件,比较叶绿体基因组特征、序列重复和结构变异,并对蒿属物种系统发育进行分析。结果表明,蒿属叶绿体基因组均由大单拷贝(LSC)区、小单拷贝(SSC)区和1对反向重复(IRs)区构成,基因组序列长度150 858～151 318 bp, GC含量相近。所有蒿属叶绿体基因组均注释到114个unique基因,包含80个蛋白编码基因、30个tRNA基因和4个rRNA基因。蒿属叶绿体基因组长重复序列主要由正向重复和回文重复构成,长度30～49 bp。简单重复序列(SSR)主要由A/T碱基构成,其中单碱基重复最多,其次为四碱基重复。RSCU(相对同义密码子使用度)值大于1的30个高频密码子中,13个以A结尾,16个以T结尾。蒿属植物叶绿体基因组结构高度相似,未检测到基因重排或倒置事件。检测到11个核苷酸变异值P_i>0.007的高变区,其中8个位于LSC区,3个位...     

基于全基因组重测序的大豆分子标记开发及籽粒蛋白质含量QTL定位

【目的】基于全基因组重测序结果,开发与高蛋白、耐荫、抗倒伏等性状紧密相关的分子标记,同时利用开发的分子标记构建遗传连锁图谱,并对籽粒蛋白质含量进行QTL定位,为后续高蛋白、耐荫、抗倒育种研究提供参考和分子标记资源。【方法】以大面积栽培品种南豆12和地方品种十月黄为亲本,构建F₂分离群体。对亲本材料进行覆盖度约为40×的全基因组重测序,用BWA、GATK及Breakdancer等软件比对,检测亲本材料在全基因组范围内的突变类型,挖掘相关变异基因。结合种子不同发育时期和荫蔽处理获得的转录组数据,结合qRT-PCR对发生突变的储藏蛋白、环境适应相关基因进行表达规律分析。同时,基于重测序数据,挖掘亲本间存在于基因编码区的SNP位点,对其进行酶切位点分析,将SNP标记转化为CAPS或dCAPS标记。此外,搜索亲本间存在的插入/缺失变异位点,在插入/缺失位点两侧高度保守的区域设计引物开发InDel标记。对开发的CAPS标记和InDel标记进行多态性筛选,选取具有多态性的CAPS分子标记和InDel标记,对F₂材料进行基因分型。根据分型结果,利用JoinMap 4.0软件进行遗传连锁图谱的构建。依据构建的遗传图谱,结合近红外分析获得F₂材料的籽粒蛋白质含量数据,使用Windows QTL Cartographer V2.5软件对大豆籽粒蛋白质含量进行QTL分析。【结果】测序结果显示,南豆12大量储藏蛋白、环境适应相关的重要基因或同源基因发生突变。转录组数据分析结果显示部分变异基因呈现不同的表达模式且差异显著,qRT-PCR分析进一步验证了该结果。此外,经检测开发的540个CAPS分子标记中有332个具有酶切多态性,300对InDel引物中有201对引物能扩增出多态性。基于533个多态性分子标记构建了一张包含20个连锁群的遗传连锁图谱,覆盖长度2 973.87 cM,标记间平均遗传距离5.58 cM。利用此图谱对大豆籽粒蛋白质含量进行QTL定位,共检测到QTL位点6个,可解释4.68%—18.25%的表型变异。【结论】基于亲本间的变异位点,共开发了533个多态性分子标记（包含8个基因特异性分子标记）,检测到6个大豆籽粒蛋白质含量QTL位点,其中,主效QTL位点1个（qSPC-6）。     

Identification of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Habrobracon hebetor</Emphasis> Populations Using RAPD Markers

It was found that food preferences and conditions of breeding of Habrobracon hebetor laboratory populations vary considerably. In this regard, it is necessary to identify populations within the studied species using DNA markers: an effective and reliable means for assessing the genetic differences between samplings of this insect species. A molecular genetic analysis of two different geographic populations of the Habrobracon hebetor entomophage (from Krasnodar, Russia, and Chimkent, Kazakhstan) was carried out using RAPD markers; 21 RAPD primers were tested for specificity to H. hebetor DNA. Five RAPD primers (OPA05, OPA10, OPB01, OPB04, and UBC519) were identified that have high specificity and the ability to differentiate H. hebetor populations. DNA markers that are specific for the Krasnodar and Chimkent entomophage populations and that can clearly identify them were revealed: for the Krasnodar population, RAPD markers with a molecular weight of 550 bp (UBC 519); 500 and 700 bp (OPA05); 1100, 1200, and 1300 bp (OPA10); 220 and 800 bp (OPB04); and 880 bp (OPB01); for the Chimkent population, 400, 600 and 1200 bp (UBC519); 600 and 950 bp (OPA10); and 800 bp (OPB01). It is concluded that these RAPD primers can be used for identification and differentiation of other H. hebetor populations.     

Sexual compatibility of transgenic soybean and different wild soybean populations

The introduction of genetically modified(GM) soybean into farming systems raises great concern that transgenes from GM soybean may flow to endemic wild soybean via pollen. This may increase the weediness of transgenic soybean by increasing the fitness of hybrids under certain conditions and threaten the genetic diversity of wild soybean populations. Although pollen-mediated gene flow between GM crops and wild relatives is dependent on many factors, the sexual compatibility(SC)determined by their...     

水稻籽粒酚反应基因的QTL分析和定位

以籼粳交组合（Balilla／Nanjing 11）的DH群体及其构建的遗传图谱为基础,对籽粒酚反应基因进行初步QTL定位,共检测到2个加性效应和2对上位性效应的QTLs,其中qPH4-3的贡献率为47．48％,表现出主效基因的特点。然后结合Balilla／南京11／／Balilla的BC1群体对qPH4-3进行进一步定位,最终将其定位于4号染色体分子标记RM5611与F17之间,物理距离为534kb,其中RM348标记与qPH4-3表现为共分离。     

Stability of QTL Across Environments and QTL-by-Environment Interactions for Plant and Ear Height in Maize

Better understanding of genotype-by-environment interaction （GEI） is expected to provide a solid foundation for genetic improvement of crop productivity especially under drought-prone environments. To elucidate the genetic basis of the plant and ear height, 2 F2：3 populations were derived from the crosses of Qi 319 × Huangzaosi （Q/H） and Ye 478 × Huangzaosi （Y/H） with 230 and 235 families, respectively, and their parents were evaluated under 3 diverse environments in Henan, Beijing, and Xinjiang, China during the year of 2007 and 2008, and all the lines were also evaluated under water stress environment. The mapping results showed that a total of 21 and 12 QTLs were identified for plant height in the Q/H and Y/H population, respectively, and 24 and 13 QTLs for ear height, respectively. About 56 and 73% of the QTLs for 2 traits did not present significant QTL-by-environment interaction （QE1） in the normal joint analyses for Q/H and Y/H population, respectively, and about 73% of the QTLs detected did not show significant QEI according to joint analyses for stress condition in Q/H. Most of the detected major QTLs exhibited high stability across different environments. Besides, several major QTLs were detected with large and consistent effect under normal condition （Chr. 6 and 7 in Q/H; Chr. 1, 3 and 9 in Y/H）, or across 2 water regimes （Chr. 1, 8 and 10 for in Q/H）. There were several constitutive QTLs （3 for Q/H and 1 for Y/H） with no or minor QTL-by-environment for the 2 populations. Finally, we found several genomic regions （Chr. 1, 10, etc.） to be co-located across the populations, which could provide useful reference for genetic improvement of these traits in maize breeding programs. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that 3 genes/genetic segments associated with plant height in rice were orthologous to these 3 identified genomic regions carrying the major QTLs for plant and ear height on Chr. 1, 6, and 8, respectively.     

野生大豆育成品种与其亲本间的遗传多样性比较

[目的]鉴定大豆育成品种与其亲本间的遗传多样性差异和遗传多态性信息含量,为大豆育种提供参考。[方法]采用SSR标记技术对大豆育成品种与其亲本间的遗传多样性进行分析。[结果]野生大豆亲本总等位变异数和特有等位变异数分别是栽培大豆亲本的1.31倍和3.63倍;平均多态性信息含量由大到小依次为野生大豆亲本(0.545 0)、育成大豆品种(0.478 7)、栽培大豆亲本(0.415 6)。[结论]野生大豆的遗传背景复杂,遗传多样性丰富,其外部形态和内在遗传基础都与栽培大豆有明显差异。     

晋大62×诱处4号杂交后代群体遗传多样性分析

选用晋大62×诱处4号杂交亲本和后代群体为试验材料,通过微卫星(SSR)标记分析,利用SPSS软件对其进行了聚类分析,探讨了亲本及后代群体间的遗传特性和亲缘关系,研究了大豆群体的遗传多样性,为大豆杂交育种亲本的选配、杂交后代的筛选、种质创新及大豆遗传多样性研究提供了理论和实践依据。结果表明,以亲本的基因组DNA为模板,选用40对不同的引物进行电泳共筛选出23对位于多条染色体上的差异引物,其多态性比例为55.0%。通过聚类分析所有材料可聚类为以下几类:母本晋大62(CK1)和后代6~13号材料聚为第一大类,父本诱处4号(CK2)和后代25~31号材料聚为第二大类,而1~5、14~20聚为第一小类,21~24、32~35聚为第二小类,这两小类材料与亲本的亲缘关系较远。     

野生大豆育成品种与其亲本间的SSR聚类分析

采用分布于大豆(Glycine max)全基因组的90对SSR引物,对来自全国在生产上大面积推广应用的具有野生大豆(Glycine soja)血缘的10个大豆育成品种及其17个亲本材料进行聚类和遗传距离分析。结果表明,当遗传相似系数为0.67时,所有供试材料被分成三类,即育成的大豆品种与其栽培大豆亲本聚为一类,野生大豆亲本在三类中均有分布;野生大豆亲本与栽培大豆亲本间的遗传距离0.177 6野生大豆亲本与育成大豆品种间的遗传距离0.149 0栽培大豆亲本与育成大豆品种间的遗传距离0.092 9。表明野生大豆与栽培大豆间有较大的遗传差异性,应用遗传基础不同及遗传差异性较大的野生大豆与栽培大豆之间进行杂交选择,进而拓宽大豆的遗传基础、丰富大豆遗传多样性是有效和可行的。