丹棱县仁美、双桥镇家畜血吸虫病疫情徘徊

丹棱县仁美、双桥两镇属山丘型血吸虫病流行区,通过连续11年的查治病畜和综合治理,家畜(主要是水牛)血吸虫病疫情前两年下降明显,后9年疫情在2～3%的水平上徘徊,要完全阻断家畜血吸虫病传播尚有一定难度。     

山丘型疫区牛血吸虫病疫情动态调查分析

山丘型疫区是在我国分布最广的血吸虫病流行区。为摸清山丘型疫区流行特点和规律，正确评估防治效果，为制订防控对策提供依据，通过对一个有代表性的试点进行19年（1993-2011年）连续调查观测，观测点牛和人群血吸虫病感染率分别下降98．1％、99．2％。表明山丘型血吸虫病流行区由于自然环境特殊，疫区呈点状或带状分布，加大查治力度可迅速使疫情大幅下降。但要彻底阻断血吸虫病传播还必须注重对钉螺孳生环境的改造和加强对放牧家畜的管理。     

2013年高致病性禽流感和口蹄疫防控重点

2012年,我国重大动物疫病防控成效显著,重大动物疫情在连续保持平稳的基础上实现了"稳中有降"。全国已连续4年多未发生亚洲I型口蹄疫疫情,连续3年未发生A型口蹄疫疫情。全国仅散发5起O型口蹄疫、5起家禽高致病性禽流感疫情(严重的3起宁夏中卫、甘肃景泰、新疆兵团农六师)并被迅速控制和扑灭。同时我们统筹做好布病、血吸虫病等主要人畜共患     

上饶山丘地区农业血防调查报告

为摸清上饶市山丘地区玉山、上饶、信州两县一区的血吸虫病疫情,以乡(镇)为单元,全面开展血吸虫病疫情普查和螺情调查,抽样调查了其情况和血防常识普及情况。     

江宁区新生洲垦种养殖灭螺防病效果观察

新生洲是南京市江宁区长江中的一个洲滩 ,面积 6 .84 km2 ,1981年发现有螺面积 2 2万 m2 ,1996年血吸虫病暴发流行 ,人、牛、猪和羊血吸虫病感染率分别为 5 0 %、98.0 8%、6 0 %和 6 7.5 % ,1997年钉螺面积猛增到 4 2 6万 m2 ,为了改变洲上疫情进一步加剧的态势 ,1998年在洲上开展了垦种养殖 ,禁养耕牛 ,发展养鸡、鸭生产 ,综合开发灭螺防病效果试验 ,通过连续 3年试验 ,取得了显著的灭螺防病效果 ,有效地控制了血吸虫病疫情     

山丘型地区动物血吸虫病重复感染调查及防治措施

云南省永胜县是典型的山丘型血吸虫病重度流行县，在山丘型地区疫情时常反复，为摸清这些地区动物血吸虫病流行特点和规律，查找重复感染原因，我们随机抽样对大牲畜进行了重复感染调查，其结果：一年内新感染牲畜达13头（匹），重复感染率12．4％。根据重复感染原因分析，提出了以实施分类指导，综合治理，科学防治，开展“四个突破”为主体的防治措施。     

四川山区家畜日本血吸虫病流行病学调查研究

近40年来,我国血防工作者作了大量工作,收效很大。尤其是许多平坝和丘陵地区的日本血吸虫病流行已基本控制或消灭。但相对山区的血吸虫病疫情还比较严重。就四川省1983年统计,血吸虫病流行县中,平坝型占13%,丘陵型44%,大山区型占43%,大山区现有病人占全省现有病人的50%以上。全省山区病牛占总病牛数的68.9%(1987)。根据国家经委下达的“七五”攻关项目,结合我省实际情况,实施了“四川省山区     

疫区家畜血吸虫病流行病学调查

云南省南涧县乐秋乡的乐秋、麻栗、东升、猪街等 4个行政村是我省、我州家畜血吸虫病的重疫区 ,家畜血吸虫病感染率长期在 3%左右徘徊 ,2 0 0 1年平均感染率为 3.0 4 % ,黄牛感染率平均为 4.71 % ,尤其东升、猪街 2个行政村 2 0 0 1年秋季检查家畜感染率平均高达 5 .72 %、5 .88% ,牛的感染率平均高达 1 0 .1 6%和 5 .65 % ,而卫生血防部门则已经过验收报乐秋乡达基本消灭标准。为查清人的疫情和螺情已报基本控制、而家畜感染率仍居高不下反复徘徊的问题之所在 ,由云南省兽医防疫总站、大理州兽医站、南涧县畜牧局和兽医站联合 ,于 2 0 0 2…     

洲垸型地区牛血吸虫病流行动态分析

目的分析1993~2007年两个洲垸型血吸虫病流行病学观测点调查数据,评估各种防治措施实施的效果,为策划和调整防治对策提供科学依据。方法根据＂观测点方案＂要求开展人、畜血吸虫病疫情、螺情、野粪等调查,统计分析各项指标。结果2个洲垸型观测点耕牛血吸虫病感染率分别由设点时（1993年）的28.5%和11.99%下降至2007年的6.13%和2.83%,人群血吸虫病血检阳性率仍在高水平上徘徊,垸内残存螺点极少且找不到感染性钉螺,垸外螺情变化不大。结论调查表明洲垸型地区仍是我国血吸虫病流行最严重的地区,垸外钉螺面积大,密度高,难以实施有效的药物灭螺,耕牛常年在湖洲上放牧感染血吸虫病并传播病原,这类地区是以畜源性为主的血吸虫病流行区,只有加强对放牧家畜的管理,才能有效地控制血吸虫病疫情。     

石台县血吸虫病疫情分析

安徽省石台县属山丘型血吸虫病流行区,为池州(原徽州)地区血吸虫病重疫区县之一。经卫生、农业血防部门反复查治灭螺,于1994年达到了传播控制标准。近年来,病人、病牛作为主要传播源已得到了有效控制,但阳性螺点的分布十分广泛,人群急性感染时有发生。小家畜(犬)和野生动物的感染率仍然较高,可能已成为主要传染源。建议近期的防治主要采取以灭螺为主的防控措施,同时加强对感染家犬的治疗。     

电感耦合等离子-质谱法测定饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅

应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。     

Supplementation of broodmares with copper, zinc, iron, manganese, cobalt, iodine, and selenium

In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum.     

Comparisons of Angus, Charolais, Galloway, Hereford, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, Salers, and Shorthorn breeds for weight, weight adjusted for condition score, height, and condition score of cows

Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物尿液中11种β-受体激动剂残留量的不确定度评估

采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物尿液中11种β-受体激动剂残留量,对标准溶液、体积、质谱峰面积、浓缩过程及回收率等测定不确定度因素进行了分析,通过评定各不确定度分量及标准不确定度,得出11种β-受体激动剂的扩展不确定度在0.7 ～ 1.1 ng/mL范围内.由各因素对合成不确定度的贡献比分析可知,影响较大的因素为试验回收率及标准溶液浓度.     

Granulocyte isolation from whole blood of goat, sheep, cattle, horse, dog, pig, and man

A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays.