Concorde sonic booms as an atmospheric probe

Infrasound generated by the sonic boom from the inbound Concorde supersonic transport is recorded at Palisades, New York (Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory), as a series of impulses from distances varying from 165 to about 1000 kilometers. Refraction effects determined by temperature and wind conditions return the signal to the surface from both stratospheric (40 to 50 kilometers) and thermospheric (100 to 130 kilometers) levels. The frequency of the recorded signal is a function of the level of reflection; the frequency decreases from impulse stretching as the atmosphere becomes more rarified relative to the sound pressure. The horizontal trace velocity of the signal across the array of instruments is equal to the acoustic velocity at the reflection level. The sonic boom can thus be used to provide temperature-wind parameters at reflection levels estimated from the signal frequency. Daily observed signal variations have indicated significant variations in these parameters.     

邓小平社会主义本质论的哲学思考

社会主义本质论是邓小平理论的核心内容，蕴涵着深刻的哲学思想。它体现了解放思想与实事求是的统一，社会运动规律性与目的性的统一，手段与目的统一，公私与效率的统一，解放生产力与发展生产力的统一，先富与共富的统一。     

富尔江尾水渠跌水坎的噪声模拟试验研究

以流体声学相似原理为依据,对3种跌水坎形式进行噪声模拟试验。利用古典声学理论对背景噪声、声波反射、干涉与叠加进行分析与修正,评估降噪的效果,确定跌水坎的修改形式。并对修改方案进行不同比尺的试验,对声强进行曲线拟合,绘制趋势线,推求原型噪声的大小,为工程建设提供参考依据。     

基于LabVIEW的声速测量

介绍了以LabVIEW8.5软件为平台开发的声速测量虚拟仪器系统的组成,以及应用系统测量声速的原理和方法,通过对空气和水这2种介质在不同温度下的声速测量,对仿真实验的结果进行了分析,得出了在不同温度下这2种介质的声速,验证了系统的可靠性和准确性,程序设计仿真效果符合实际实验.该研究在工农业生产上有一定实用价值.     

褐菖鲉发声肌中小清蛋白的特性及肌肉纤维的超微结构特性

通过对褐菖鲉发声系统的研究,尤其是发声肌形态、小清蛋白含量和肌纤维超微结构等特征,发现褐菖鲉发声肌和白色肌肉中小清蛋白分子量均为10~14 ku。在白色肌肉肌纤维显微结构中,三联体(一个T小管+两个肌质网终池)仅处于Z膜,而在发声肌纤维中,三联体不仅在Z膜处,也在A带与I带交联处。与白色肌相比,发声肌超微结构中的肌质网更宽,肌膜更发达。在发声肌细胞中,线粒体多且聚集;而白肌细胞中,线粒体相对少且分散。结果显示:在褐菖鲉发声肌的快速收缩中,小清蛋白可能没有起重要作用,而是发达的肌膜、三联体和肌质网结构确保了该特殊肌肉快速收缩和放松的发声功能与行为,同时,大量聚集的线粒体保证其发声肌的持续工作能力。     

不同频率声波对小球藻繁殖的影响

[目的]研究声波对小球藻繁殖速度的影响,探寻适用于小球藻生长最佳频率。[方法]通过在不同频率的声波条件下对小球藻进行7 d的培养试验,并设置空白对照组,研究不同频率的声波对小球藻生长繁殖的影响。[结果]声波对小球藻生长具有明显的促进作用,尤其是400 Hz的声波作用效果最好。[结论]一定范围频率的声波可以有效促进小球藻的繁殖。     

森林枯落物及其苔藓层阻延径流速度研究

运用室内水槽实验方法，研究了马尾松林枯落物层和枯落物与苔藓组合层对径流速度的影响．结果表明，径流速度与坡度和流量成正比，与枯落物量成反比，它们之间的幂函数关系非常密切．枯落物与苔藓组合层对径流速度的阻延效果比仅有枯落物层更明显     

The aftershock signature of supershear earthquakes

Recent studies show that earthquake faults may rupture at speeds exceeding the shear wave velocity of rocks. This supershear rupture produces in the ground a seismic shock wave similar to the sonic boom produced by a supersonic airplane. This shock wave may increase the destruction caused by the earthquake. We report that supershear earthquakes are characterized by a specific pattern of aftershocks: The fault plane itself is remarkably quiet whereas aftershocks cluster off the fault, on secondary structures that are activated by the supershear rupture. The post-earthquake quiescence of the fault shows that friction is relatively uniform over supershear segments, whereas the activation of off-fault structures is explained by the shock wave radiation, which produces high stresses over a wide zone surrounding the fault.     

渔用自增强聚乙烯单丝的拉伸力学性能分析

在标准实验室环境里,对渔用自增强聚乙烯(self-reinforced polyethylene,简称SRPE)单丝的结晶形态、拉伸力学性能进行了分析。结果表明：渔用SRPE单丝结晶度、声速值比普通聚乙烯(polyethylene,简称PE)单丝均有提高,其内部生成了串晶结构;SRPE单丝断裂强度、结节强度和结强损失率比普通PE单丝分别提高了12．75％、4．82%和12．69％,而断裂伸长率降低了27．72％。结论可供渔具设计及网线材料选配时参考。     

渔用自增强聚乙烯单丝的拉伸力学性能分析

在标准实验室环境里,对渔用自增强聚乙烯(self-reinforced polyethylene,简称SRPE)单丝的结晶形态、拉伸力学性能进行了分析。结果表明：渔用SRPE单丝结晶度、声速值比普通聚乙烯(polyethylene,简称PE)单丝均有提高,其内部生成了串晶结构;SRPE单丝断裂强度、结节强度和结强损失率比普通PE单丝分别提高了12．75％、4．82%和12．69％,而断裂伸长率降低了27．72％。结论可供渔具设计及网线材料选配时参考。