二氢杨梅素对肉仔鸡血液生化指标及生长性能的影响

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)——3,5,7,3′,4′,5′-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,是从藤茶中提取的一种天然植物添加剂,DMY具有抗氧化、清除自由基、抑菌杀菌、保肝护肝、抗炎、镇痛等功效。谢鹏等(2004)[1]首次报道的肉鸡生产试验表明,DMY具有促生长、提高免疫机能等作用,但由于D     

二氢扬梅素和土霉素体外抑菌作用的比较试验

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)--3,5,7,3',4',5'-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,为二氢黄酮醇类化合物.熊大胜等(2000)和熊皓平(2002)体外抑菌试验表明,DMY对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、绿脓杆菌、青霉菌及黑曲霉菌等16种细菌均有一定抑菌作用.其中对大肠杆菌的MIC为0.125%;对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌的MIC均为0.0625%.     

二氢杨梅素对肉鸡免疫机能和胴体品质的影响

研究资料表明，二氢杨梅素(DMY)对人和小鼠等哺乳动物具有抗氧化清除自由基、抑菌杀菌、止咳消炎、解酒保肝、消除体内毒副作用、抗肿瘤等功效。同时，DMY能显著提高小鼠单核-巨噬细胞吞噬功能和溶血素含量，增强免疫功能；提高小鼠的抗炎，镇痛能力。但DMY     

二氢杨梅素对罗非鱼生长、免疫和抗氧化机能的影响

<正>二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DMY)——3,5,7,3',4',5'-六羟基2,3双氢黄酮,又名双氢杨梅树皮素,是从藤茶中提取的一种天然植物添加剂。DMY具有抗氧化、清除自由基、抑菌杀菌、保肝护肝、抗炎、镇痛,增强免疫力和促进生长等功效。     

二氢杨梅素和土霉素体外抑菌作用的比较试验

二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin，DMY)——3，5，7，3’，4’，5’-六羟基2，3双氢黄酮，为二氢黄酮醇类化合物。熊大胜等(2000)和熊皓平(2002)体外抑菌试验表明，DMY对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、绿脓杆菌、青霉菌及黑曲霉菌等16种细菌均有一定抑菌作用。其中对大肠杆菌的MIC为0．125％；对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌的MIC均为0．0625％。     

新型饲料添加剂藤茶黄酮的研究进展

藤茶黄酮是从藤茶中提取的一种天然植物添加剂,二氢杨梅素是其主要的化学成分。近年来,研究者对藤茶黄酮及二氢杨梅素在畜禽生产上的应用效果进行了广泛研究,发现以其作为饲料添加剂,能有效提高动物机体免疫力,增强生产性能、促进生长,并具有抗氧化作用,可改善动物产品品质。作者主要阐述了藤茶黄酮作为一种新型天然饲料添加剂在动物生产上的研究进展。     

二氢杨梅素的研究进展与应用前景

随着畜牧业的飞速发展以及人民生活水平的提高，人们对畜产品质量的要求也越来越高，二氢杨梅素（DMY）作为一种新型的绿色添加剂备受关注，该文就二氢杨梅素的功能以及其在畜牧业中的研究进展与应用前景做一探讨。     

藤茶黄酮在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展

藤茶黄酮,是从藤茶中提取的所有黄酮类物质的总称,是藤茶的主要功效成分,二氢杨梅素是其含量最高的一种黄酮物质。目前,藤茶黄酮特别是二氢杨梅素应用于畜禽养殖产业的研究较多,发现其提高畜禽生产性能、改善肠道健康、提高免疫力、改善屠宰性能和肉质等潜在功效,本文主要综述了藤茶黄酮作为新型绿色饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展,为生产实践提供一定的理论参考。     

二氢槲皮素与二氢杨梅素抗炎活性对比研究

构建巨噬细胞验证模型,比较研究二氢槲皮素(Dihydroquercetin,taxifolin,TF)和二氢杨梅素(Dihydromyricetin,DMY)体外抗炎活性。以1 mg/L的脂多糖(LPS)诱导RAW264.7巨噬细胞建立了体外炎症模型;通过细胞毒性试验(MTT)法检测细胞存活率;Griess试剂法测定细胞上清液中NO(一氧化氮)释放量;ELISA法检测上清液中细胞因子IL-1β(白细胞介素-1β)、IL-6(白细胞介素-6)、TNF-α(肿瘤坏死因子α)和PGE2(前列腺素E2)的含量变化;通过RT-PCR法检测IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α基因表达情况。MTT试验结果表明,二氢槲皮素和二氢杨梅素各剂量组没有表现出对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的细胞毒性。同时,二氢槲皮素高中低剂量组和二氢杨梅素高中低剂量组均能显著抑制脂多糖诱导细胞对NO、PGE2的释放(P0.01),且均表现出剂量依赖性;二氢槲皮素高中低剂量组和二氢杨梅素高中低剂量组均能有效降低IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α基因的表达,同时能够降低脂多糖诱导细胞产生细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的含量。二氢槲皮素和二氢杨梅素均具有良好的体外抗炎作用,且二氢槲皮素的抗炎作用较好。     

藤茶黄酮对海兰蛋鸡生产性能的影响

藤茶黄酮主要成分二氢杨梅素具有抗氧化清除自由基、抑菌杀菌、消除体内毒副作用以及增强动物免疫功能的生理功能,本文研究了在海兰蛋鸡不同生产时期添加藤茶黄酮对其生产性能的影响。结果表明,在饲料中添加100×10-6的藤茶黄酮能够显著提高海兰蛋鸡的生产性能,该生产性能的提高与在饲料中添加药物抗菌剂的效果相似。说明藤茶黄酮的确具有抑菌杀菌和提高蛋鸡疾病抵抗力的作用,在蛋鸡生产中可用于代替抗生素添加在饲料中长期使用。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …