Use of water-treatment residue containing polysilicate-iron to stabilize arsenic in flooded soils and attenuate arsenic uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants

A pot experiment was conducted to examine how soil amendment with water-treatment residue (WTR) containing polysilicate-iron affected dissolved arsenic (As) in flooded soils and As uptake by rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). The WTR was applied at a rate of 0 (control), 5, 10 or 20 t ha^?1. Simple linear regression analyses showed significant negative relationships between the concentrations of dissolved As in soil solution and WTR application rates at all sampling times, probably due to adsorption of As onto ferrihydrite in the WTR. Compared to As concentrations in rice plants grown on control soil, the concentrations in plants grown on WTR-treated soils decreased by 20.1–41.6% in straw (stems and leaves), 19.8–31.7% in husk and 18.6–21.0% in grain. The regression analyses demonstrated that the concentration and content of As in rice are negatively correlated with WTR application rate. Total As content was 16.5–32.0% lower in rice shoots grown on WTR-treated soils than on control soil. The percentage of each As species in grain decreased in the following order: As(III) » dimethylarsinic acid » As(V). The application of WTR did not change the As speciation in grain. Silicon contents in shoot significantly increased with application of WTR, indicating the potency of WTR as a silicate fertilizer. Taken together, our results indicate that WTR containing polysilicate-iron promises to be a practical amendment for stabilizing As and attenuating As uptake by rice plants.     

外源铅胁迫对不同土壤上水稻生长及铅形态的影响

采用温室水稻盆栽试验研究2种土壤上水稻铅的生物有效性及土壤铅形态的变化。结果表明:铅对2种土壤水稻干物重和籽粒重量的影响表现为,随铅处理浓度升高,水稻干物重和籽粒重量明显下降。黄红壤上种植的水稻干物重和籽粒重量高于青紫泥。不同铅处理下水稻各器官铅含量表现为根>茎>叶>壳>籽粒。2种土壤上NH4OAc提取的有效态铅含量与外源铅的量呈显著正相关。随外源土壤铅含量增加土壤pH显著下降。随土壤铅含量增加土壤铅的生物有效性增强,水稻对铅的吸收明显增加,水稻可食部的铅含量升高。采用连续提取法分析了土壤铅的形态,结果表明,青紫泥铁锰氧化态和有机态的铅含量高于黄红壤,水溶态、交换态和碳酸盐态含量低于黄红壤。铅在黄红壤上的移动性较青紫泥高。     

Impacts of Calcium Silicate Slag on the Availability of Silicon and Trace Contaminants in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Calcium silicate slag from the phosphorus fertilizer industry has the potential to be used as a liming agent or for silicon (Si) fertilization in rice production, but it contains trace elements that may contaminate rice grain and straw. A greenhouse study was performed to evaluate the bioavailability of Si and trace elements from slag (0, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg kg^?1) surface-applied or incorporated to a mineral soil and an organic soil. Slag application increased Si availability and rice grain yield relative to the control. Trace element and radioactivity in soil and rice grain were not significantly affected by slag supplementation. The applied slag showed minimal influence on plant available cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), or lead (Pb); however, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the organic soil increased, whereas Ni in the mineral soil decreased. Results indicate that the evaluated slag may be used as a Si fertilizer or liming amendment for rice with minimal environmental risks.     

不同土壤质地条件下麦秸、铅对镉在水稻-土壤系统中迁移的影响

通过室外砂土和黏土的大型土柱栽培试验,研究了麦秸、铅对镉在水稻-土壤中迁移的影响。研究结果表明,在砂土和黏土中随着水稻的生长发育,水稻植株镉含量逐渐降低,添加铅和麦秸均促进了水稻对镉的吸收,增加了水稻植株镉的含量,且铅的促进效应大于麦秸处理。添加铅和麦秸有利于镉向籽粒的转运和提高水稻籽粒镉的富集系数,砂土中添加铅、麦秸的处理籽粒镉含量和富集系数比镉单一处理分别增加44.00%、36.00%和41.67%、50.00%;黏土中分别增加58.62%、43.00%和46.15%、61.54%。镉进入土壤后会随着水分流动向下迁移,在砂土中的迁移能力大于黏土。随着土壤深度的增加镉含量逐渐减少,黏土在40～60cm、砂土在60～80cm土层中镉含量与对照含量差异不显著。添加铅和麦秸可以降低镉在土壤中向下迁移的能力,降低幅度黏土大于砂土。     

Effects of crop‐straw biochar on crop growth and soil fertility over a wheat‐millet rotation in soils of China

We conducted a pot experiment using a wheat‐millet rotation to examine the effects of two successive rice‐straw biochar applications on crop growth and soil properties in acidic oxisols and alkaline cambosols from China. Biochar was incorporated into soil at rates of 0, 2.25 or 22.5 Mg/ha at the beginning of each crop season with identical applications of NPK fertilizer. In the oxisols, the largest biochar treatment enhanced soil pH and cation exchange capacity, decreased soil bulk density, improved soil P, K, Ca and Mg availability and enhanced their uptake, and increased wheat and millet yields by 157 and 150% for wheat grain and straw, respectively, and 72.6% for millet straw. In the cambosols, biochar treatment decreased soil bulk density, improved P and K availability, increased N, P and K uptake by crops and increased wheat and millet straw yields by 19.6 and 60.6%, respectively. Total soil organic carbon increased in response to successive biochar applications over the rotation. No difference in water‐soluble organic carbon was recorded between biochar‐treated and control soils. Converting straw to biochar and treating soils with successive applications may be a viable option for improving soil quality, sequestering carbon and utilizing straw resources in China.     

Amelioration of Cadmium Polluted Paddy Soils by Porous Hydrated Calcium Silicate

Porous hydrated calcium silicate (PS) is a by-product of autoclave light weight concrete and is being used as a silicon fertilizer in Japan. The impacts of this amendment on the yield and cadmium content of rice (Orzya sativa L. var. Kokoromachi), soil pH and the extractability of soil cadmium assessed by 1 M NH₄OAc were compared with those of silica gel and CaCO₃ by pot experiments. The application of PS at the rate of 2.0% and silica gel at the rate of 1.0% in Andosol and PS at the rate of 0.75% in Alluvial soil significantly increased the grain weight of rice. PS and CaCO₃ treatment significantly increased soil pH, decreased the 1 M NH₄OAc extractability of cadmium and reduced cadmium content in straw and brown rice in the two soils. However, cadmium content of rice of PS treatments was not significantly different from that of CaCO₃ treatments in Andosol, while was significantly lower than that of CaCO₃ treatments in Alluvial soil. Soil analysis showed that it was less effective in increasing soil pH and decreasing the extractability of cadmium by 1 M NH₄OAc than CaCO₃ at the same application rate in Andosol. Soil pH and 1 M NH₄OAc extractability of cadmium were not significantly different between 2.0% of PS and CaCO₃ treatments in Alluvial soil. The application of silica gel did not improve soil pH nor decrease the extractability of soil cadmium, but resulted in a significant decline of cadmium content in brown rice. These results demonstrate that the supply of silicon together with an increase in soil pH, as obtained by PS application, shows potential to reduce the cadmium content of rice.     

秸秆还田对稻田渗漏液DOC含量及土壤Cd活度的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究了秸秆还田对稻田渗漏液DOC含量及重金属污染土壤Cd溶出的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田增加了稻田渗漏液的DOC含量,提高了土壤Cd的活度。稻田渗漏水DOC的浓度随秸秆还田量的增加而增大。秸秆还田增加了Cd随稻田渗漏水的流失,使得稻田土壤Cd全量、有效态Cd量均随秸秆还田量的增加而降低,部分处理降低幅度达显著水平。本试验条件下由于较多的秸秆还田影响了水稻生长,使水稻植株Cd浓度、累积量均随秸秆还田量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。秸秆还田0.5%处理的水稻植株Cd浓度、累积量最高,分别为45.10mg·kg-1、1858.1μg·pot-1。     

Distribution and Accumulation of Copper and Cadmium in Soil–Rice System as Affected by Soil Amendments

The effects of seven amendments on the distribution and accumulation of copper and cadmium in a soil–rice system were investigated using a pot experiment. Results showed that application of limestone, calcium magnesium phosphate (Ca–Mg–P fertilizer), calcium silicate (silicon fertilizer), Chinese milk vetch, pig manure, and peat significantly decreased the concentrations of Cu and Cd in rice roots by 24.8–75.3% and 9.7–49.9%, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed between zinc sulfate (zinc fertilizer) and the control treatment. The concentrations of Cu and Cd in different parts of rice followed the order: root > straw > grain, and all amendments restrained the transfer of Cu and Cd from rice root to stem. Copper and Cd concentrations in rice stems at the tillering stage were the highest, and then decreased from the tillering stage to the heading stage. However, they increased again at the ripening stage. The results also showed that application of amendments changed Cu and Cd solubility in soil and decreased their bioavailability, which resulted in the reduction of Cu and Cd uptake by rice. Significant correlations between the concentrations of Cu and Cd in soil solutions and in rice stems were found. The result demonstrated that limestone has the best efficiency among all the amendments used in reducing Cu and Cd contamination to rice production.     

有机硅改性复合肥防治水稻镉污染的效果和初步机制

为探讨有机硅改性复合肥防治水稻镉(Cd)污染的效果和机制,采用田间小区试验和大面积示范试验,研究不同配比的有机硅改性复合肥及其不同用量对水稻镉含量、养分吸收、产量和土壤镉有效性及其形态变化的影响。结果表明,小区试验中,与CK和CF1相比,施用有机硅改性复合肥降低了水稻分蘖期茎叶部和根部镉含量,分别下降57.0%~64.1%和24.0%~65.4%;与CK相比,成熟期茎叶镉含量降低30.1%~74.3%,稻米镉含量下降65.3%~81.1%。该结果在大面积示范中得到验证,与普通复合肥相比,有机硅改性复合肥降低了44.2%~86.0%的稻米镉含量,基本达到稻米食用安全国家标准;增加水稻对氮、磷、钾、铁的吸收;增产12.1%~20.0%;土壤pH值提高0.07~0.47;有效镉含量下降1.9%~14.3%。小区试验土壤镉形态分析表明,与CK和CF1相比,有机硅改性复合肥处理的交换态镉含量下降1.2%~22.3%、还原态镉含量增加6.1%~43.0%、氧化态镉含量下降6.8%~35.0%、残渣态镉含量增加2.2%~60.0%。综上所述,施用有机硅改性复合肥可以提高水稻养分吸收,增加水稻产量,同时降低水稻对镉的吸收转运,是一项水稻镉污染防治的新技术。     

磷硅肥配施抑制华南地区水稻籽粒砷积累的效果

选取华南地区广泛种植的杂交水稻品种“培杂泰丰”,利用外源添加砷（50 mg·kg-1）的土壤盆栽试验,研究不同施用量的磷硅肥对水稻生长特性和砷积累的影响。结果表明,施用磷硅肥的处理,水稻糙米中砷含量为0.504~0.586 mg·kg-1,低于农业部颁布的粮食中砷限量标准（NY 861—2004）中大米砷限值。相关性分析表明,水稻糙米砷含量与水稻植株的生物量、稻谷千粒重和秸秆中硅/砷摩尔比呈显著负相关,与秸秆中磷/砷摩尔比呈极显著负相关;糙米的砷含量随磷、硅肥的施加而降低。综合分析表明,在华南地区同类中度砷污染土壤中可有效控制砷向水稻籽粒运输累积的磷、硅肥最优施加量及配比为40 mg P·kg-1土、50 mg Si·kg-1土。     

Rice yield nutrient uptake as affected by cyanobacteria soil amendments—a pot experiment

Rice production and cyanobacterial N in acid soil can be improved by liming. There is evidence that the organic amendments can increase the soil pH. The aim of this study was to find appropriate combination of soil amendments and cyanobacteria capable for enhancing nutrient uptake and improving rice yield in acidic paddy soil. Three soil amendments (rice straw, sewage‐sludge composts, NPK) with and without inoculation of cyanobacteria were studied for rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) in a pot experiment. The sludge compost had significantly reduced soil acidity from 5.44 to 6.67. The plant N and K uptake increased significantly with sludge and cyanobacteria application. The yield components increased significantly with sludge, but decreased thereafter, an exception was the number of panicles, with straw compost. These characters were also significantly affected by inoculation with cyanobacteria except 100‐grain weight, filled‐grain percentage, and harvest index. The combination of sludge compost and cyanobacteria improved the yield components and consequently grain yield (138 g pot^–1) compared with sludge treatment only (132 g pot^–1). The amount of cyanobacterial N absorbed (N‐difference method) by rice plant under sludge compost was higher than that of soils amended with either rice straw or NPK treatments. Therefore, the addition of sewage sludge to acid paddy soil not only amended the soil properties but also activated the cyanobacteria and consequently improved rice plant nutrition and grain yield.     

Soil phosphorus availability and rice phosphorus uptake in paddy fields under various agronomic practices

Agronomic practices affect soil phosphorus(P) availability, P uptake by plants, and subsequently the efficiency of P use. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of various agronomic practices(straw incorporation, paddy water management, nitrogen(N) fertilizer dose, manure application,and biochar addition) on soil P availability(e.g., soil total P(STP), soil available P(SAP), soil microbial biomass P(SMBP), and rice P uptake as well as P use efficiency(PUE)) over four cropping seasons in a rice-rice cropping system, in subtropical central China. Compared to the non-straw treatment(control,using full dose of chemical N fertilizer), straw incorporation increased SAP and SMBP by 9.3%–18.5% and 15.5%–35.4%, respectively;substituting half the chemical N fertilizer dose with pig manure and the biochar application increased STP, SAP, and SMBP by 10.5%–48.3%, 30.2%–236.0%, and 19.8%–72.4%,respectively, mainly owing to increased soil P and organic carbon inputs;adding a half dose of N and no N input(reduced N treatments) increased STP and SAP by 2.6%–7.5% and 19.8%–33.7%, respectively, due to decreased soil P outputs. Thus, soil P availability was greatly affected by soil P input and use. The continuous flooding water regime without straw addition significantly decreased SMBP by 11.4% compared to corresponding treatments under a mid-season drainage water regime. Total P uptake by rice grains and straws at the harvest stage increased under straw incorporation and under pig manure application, but decreased under the reduced N treatments and under biochar application at a rate of 48 t ha-1, compared to the control. Rice P uptake was significantly positively correlated with rice biomass, and both were positively correlated with N fertilizer application rates, SAP, SMBP, and STP. Phosphorus use efficiency generally increased under straw incorporation but decreased under the reduced N treatments and under the manure application(with excessive P input), compared to the control. These results showed that straw incorporation can be used to increase soil P availability and PUE while decreasing the use of chemical P fertilizers. When substituting chemical fertilizers with pig manure, excess P inputs should be avoided in order to reduce P accumulation in the soil as well as the environmental risks from non-point source pollution.     

水生植物堆肥替代部分氮肥提高水稻产量与稻田土壤肥力

为评价太湖流域水生植物堆肥对水稻产量及稻田土壤肥力效应,在太湖流域典型稻田连续进行4a的田间定位试验,比较在等氮条件下不同比例的水生植物有机堆肥替代处理(有机氮替代率分别为0、20％、40％、60％、80％和100％)引起的水稻籽粒产量、产量构成因子、氮磷钾吸收量以及土壤碳氮含量和pH值变化.结果表明:与单施尿素相比,水生植物有机堆肥与尿素配施利于水稻产量的提高,并随着有机肥替代率增加,水稻产量呈先增后降;当有机肥替代率达40％和60％时产量最高.单施有机肥和单施尿素处理水稻籽粒产量相当.单施有机肥显著降低了有效穗数,有机肥和尿素配合施用则可减轻甚至消除这一效应;有机肥替代率在40％和60％时,有效穗数、穗粒数和结实率均较高.随着有机肥施用量增加,水稻秸秆氮浓度降低,籽粒氮浓度无影响;水稻磷浓度和吸收量均无显著差异;有机肥与尿素配施均显著提高了秸秆钾吸收量,有机肥替代率在80％时可显著提高籽粒钾吸收量.表层土壤全氮和有机碳含量及土壤pH值均与有机肥替代率呈显著正相关关系.有机肥-尿素配施处理下土壤全氮和有机碳均较4a前显著提高.有机肥替代率为80％和100％,土壤pH值较试验前土壤分别显著升高.由此可见,水生植物有机肥与尿素配施可以提高太湖稻作区水稻产量,增加土壤有机质含量和减缓土壤酸化程度,可作为太湖稻作区一项环保型施肥技术.     

Genotypic variation in grain cadmium concentration of lowland rice

Cadmium (Cd) contamination of paddy rice soils is commonly observed in the Yangtse River Delta, China. Large Cd uptake by rice plants and its translocation into the grains can entail human‐health risks. Genotypic variations in Cd uptake and a differential Cd partitioning into grains will be the basis for developing a rice screening or breeding tool for low grain Cd. A field experiment, conducted at the experimental farm of Jiaxing, Zhejiang province from 2002 to 2004, compared 38 rice genotypes of different types (indica vs. japonica) collected from the Yangtse River Delta. The results showed large differences in Cd concentrations in straw, brown rice, and grain chaff among the rice genotypes grown on Cd‐contaminated soil. Concentrations in brown rice ranged from 0.06 to 0.99 mg Cd kg^–1. The total Cd uptake in brown rice varied between 0.96 and 28.58 μg plant ^{– 1}. In general, indica‐type cultivars accumulated significantly more Cd than the japonica‐type cultivars. The Cd concentration in straw was highly correlated with that in brown rice. While significant differences in the Cd‐partitioning ratio (% share of total Cd uptake found in brown rice) among rice genotypes were observed, these were not correlated with Cd concentration of brown rice. This indicates that the Cd accumulation in rice grains appears to be governed mainly by the Cd uptake by the plant and probably not by differential Cd partitioning. The large genotypic variation suggests the possibility to lower the Cd content of rice by genotype selection. The development of such breeding tools should focus on low Cd uptake rather than Cd partitioning between straw and grain.     

赤泥施用量对镉污染稻田水稻生长和镉形态转化的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究了不同赤泥施用量对水稻产量、土壤中镉生物有效性及其形态和糙米镉含量的影响。结果表明,适宜的赤泥施用量能提高水稻有效穗数和促进水稻生长,实现水稻增产,与不施赤泥处理相比,0.75%（W/W）赤泥处理（RM-3处理）的水稻株高、有效穗数和产量分别提高了5.02%、1.12%和6.93%。随着赤泥施用量的增加,土壤pH值增加,土壤交换态Cd含量逐渐减少,碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和残渣态Cd含量逐渐增加,但对有机结合态Cd含量的影响不明显,相比不施赤泥处理,1.25%（W/W）赤泥处理（RM-5处理）的土壤交换态Cd含量下降了31.6%（P＜0.01）,碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和残渣态Cd含量分别增加了16.3%、22.5%和8.7%（P＜0.01）。水稻糙米中Cd的含量随赤泥施用量的增加而降低,当赤泥施用量达到或高于0.5%（W/W）时,糙米Cd含量达到国家粮食卫生标准,综合考虑水稻产量、土壤修复效应和糙米品质,本试验Cd污染程度的稻田土壤上赤泥的适宜施用量为0.75%（W/W）。     

稻草和紫云英联合还田下施氮水平对水稻产量及土壤氮素形态的影响

  【目的】  紫云英和稻草联合还田时其有机成分的分解和释放具有互补性。研究紫云英和稻草联合还田条件下水稻的适宜施氮水平,为稻田绿肥和稻草联合还田后优化养分管理提供依据。  【方法】  两年定位试验位于江汉平原稻区,在稻草全量还田基础上,设置冬季种植并翻压紫云英和冬闲两种模式。水稻季氮肥处理设不施氮 (N0) 和常规施氮量 (N 165 kg/hm2) 的50% (N50)、100% (N100) 和150% (N150) 共4个水平,以不施氮、冬闲和稻草不还田作为空白对照,共9个处理。测定水稻籽粒产量、氮含量及累积量,分析耕层土壤无机氮及有机氮组分。  【结果】  在稻草和紫云英联合还田条件下,减少常规氮肥量的50% (SMN50) 获得的稻谷产量较稻草单独还田的SN50处理高21%～23%,与联合还田或稻草单独还田下的SMN100、SMN150、SN100、SN150处理之间没有显著差异。稻草和紫云英联合还田的SMN0、SMN50、SMN100处理的稻谷氮累积量均显著高于对应的稻草单独还田处理 (SN0、SN50、SN100),增幅分别为65%、27%和22%。水稻收获后各处理间土壤全氮、非酸解性氮含量差异不显著,酸解性氮含量有差异,在N150处理下,稻草单独还田处理 (SN150) 的土壤酸解性氮含量显著高于稻草和紫云英联合还田处理 (SMN150);在酸解性氮组分中,SN150处理的未知酸解态氮成分的含量显著高于稻草单独还田的其他处理及所有稻草和紫云英联合还田处理。  【结论】  减少常规施氮量的50%情况下,与稻草单独还田处理相比,稻草和紫云英联合还田可显著增加稻谷氮素累积量、提高水稻产量,而保持常规施氮量和提高施氮量不能增加水稻的氮素吸收和产量;紫云英与稻草联合还田可以改善土壤氮素的有效性,显著降低高施氮量下稻草单独还田带来的酸解性氮组分中未知态氮的残留量。     

Effect of zinc application methods on apparent utilization efficiency of zinc and potassium fertilizers under rice-wheat rotation

Apparent utilization of zinc (Zn) and potassium (K) fertilizers was examined in rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using combinations of no K; soil applied K levels and no Zn; soil and foliar applied Zn. Application of 33.2 kg K ha^?1 in rice and 24.9 kg K ha^?1 in wheat along with foliar spray of 2 kg Zn ha^?1 at 30 and 60 days gave the highest mean grain yields. Foliar application of zinc increased Zn concentration in flag leaves, grain, and straw of rice and wheat and K concentration in flag leaves of rice and straw of wheat significantly. Potassium application increased Zn concentration in rice grain and straw and K concentration in wheat straw significantly. Zinc and K increased the uptake of each other in grain; straw and total uptake by both crops significantly. Zinc fertilizer enhanced the utilization of soil K. Potassium fertilizer enhanced the utilization of applied Zn.     

不同改良剂对黑麦草在铜矿尾矿砂上生长的影响

Montmorillonite, rice straw, organic manure and chemical fertilizer were used as amendment materials for copper mine tailings, and their effects on mine tailing pH, nutrients and metal availability to ryegrass were investigated. Chemical fertilization was the most effective one in improving ryegrass growth in mine tailings among the amendment materials examined. It was found that montmorillonite raised biomass of ryegrass at the 1st and 2nd cuts, but it did not give further positive effects at the 3rd and 4th cuts. The effect of organic materials on ryegrass growth was not so good as expected, mainly due to their slow decomposition in mine tailings with less soil microorganisms. Available Cu and Zn contents in mine tailings decreased in the presence of montmorillonite but increased when rice straw and organic manure were used as amendments. Cu and Zn contents in ryegrass decreased with increasing the rate of montmorillonite application but increased with the rate of rice straw. Zn showed much stronger mobility from soil to ryegrass than Cu, and almost all the available N and P in mine tailings, except for the treatments with organic manure, were completely consumed after ryegrass had grown in mine tailings for more than four months and been harvested for four times. Owing to its large biomass and high metal uptake, ryegrass is a potential plant for remediation of metal contaminated soils in practice.     

施用预处理稻秆的土壤供氮特征及对冬小麦氮吸收的影响

采用盆栽试验方法,研究了经过预处理的水稻秸秆(预处理稻秆)施入土壤后对土壤的供氮特征及小麦氮营养的影响。研究结果表明,稻秆经过预处理后,纤维素、半纤维素以及二氧化硅比原始稻秆都有所降低,而可溶性物质增加;施用时配施无机氮肥,小麦全生育期内土壤微生物量N和矿质态N平均分别比对照(纯土壤)提高232.3%和66.0%,小麦干物重和吸收总氮量分别比对照高56.3%和124.3%,并优于未经处理的原始秸秆及单施尿素处理。可见处理秸秆配施尿素能够显著改善土壤的供氮状况,促进小麦对氮素的吸收,增加小麦产量,提高化学肥料氮的利用率。     

稻秆与紫云英联合还田提高黄泥田氮素利用率和土壤肥力

[目的]稻秆与紫云英为南方稻田培肥的重要有机肥源.研究福建黄泥田稻秆、紫云英联合还田与化肥不同比例配施对水稻产量、养分吸收利用及土壤肥力的影响,旨在为该区域中低产田改良培肥及化肥替代提供依据.[方法]开展连续4年的田间定位试验,在等氮投入条件下,设置稻秆、紫云英联合还田与化肥不同配比6个处理,稻秆与紫云英二者氮素投入总...