“2+4”生产模式下种鸽新城疫免疫程序的初步确定

为建立肉鸽养殖"2+4"生产模式下种鸽新城疫人工免疫的方法,选择不同年龄的贝来得种鸽免疫接种新城疫灭活疫苗,通过血凝和血凝抑制试验检测了该灭活疫苗的抗体效价。结果发现,抗体水平都能维持250 d左右,而且抗体水平的消长规律与种鸽的年龄有关。     

卵黄抗体三种提取工艺的比较

The experiment mainly compares three different methods of extracting antibodies: octanoic acid method, water dilution method and poloxamol method,by observing the physical properties of the antibody, detecting the protein content of the extract, and using the hemagglutination test and the hemagglutination inhibition test to detect the antibody titer, select the best process of the yolk antibody.The results showed that the protein content of the three different extraction methods was the highest by poloxamol method and the lowest by octylic acid method;The contents of Newcastle disease and avian influenza were the highest by water dilution method and the lowest by octanoic acid method;The volume of antibody solution was the highest by water dilution method and the lowest by poloxamu method.Comprehensive comparison of experimental results finally determined that water dilution method is the best effect, using this method to extract yolk antibody titer is the highest, easy to operate, can achieve large-scale production workshop.     

Hemagglutination assay for antigen and antibody associated with viral hepatitis

Hemagglutination assays are described for measuring hepatitis-associated Australia antigen and antibody. Red cells coated with isolated antigen, with chromic chloride as a coupling agent, are used for detection of antibodies. Detection of the antigen in serums depends on inhibition of hemagglutination. The test has the sensitivity and rapidity of the best tests available, is simpler to perform, and lends itself to large-scale screening of blood donors.     

金昌市金川区规模养殖场主要疫病抗体监测分析

采用正向间接血凝试验、血凝抑制试验方法检测了金川区10家规模养殖场442份血清4种疫病抗体水平。检测结果显示:口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性禽流感、新城疫抗体合格率分别为88.53%、80.00%、82.82%、79.14%,4种疫病免疫效果良好。     

安徽部分地区猪弓形虫病的血清学调查研究

为了解安徽地区猪感染弓形虫病的情况,从安徽省部分地区养殖场(户)采取猪血清1 227份,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测弓形虫抗体。结果显示:平均阳性率为24.29%,表明安徽地区猪弓形虫病普遍存在。其发生与流行与养殖月份和养殖规模相关。     

抗大肠埃希氏菌K99粘着素单克隆抗体及其特性测定

利用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术已获得10株能稳定分泌抗大肠埃希氏菌K99粘着素单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系,分别命名为EK409、EKA7—3、EKA7—5、EKC6、EKD4—12、EKD4—19、EKA2、EKDS—12、EKD3和EKB8。除EKD4—12单抗的亚类为IgG_3以及EKA_2为IgG_2a外,其余单抗均是IgG_1。上述前3株单抗均具有直接凝集(DA),免疫荧光(IF)和ELISA3种免疫学反应,而其余单抗都只有IF和ELISA两种反应特性。无DA反应性。在这3种反应中,反应强度和效价最高的是EK409和EKA7—3,二者小鼠腹水的DA滴度可达1:2048,IF和ELISA的效价均为10~(-6)。这两株单抗能与所试的各株K99+菌呈阳性反应,是型特异单抗。余下的8株单抗中,EKA7—5只对K12:K99+和含有O101抗原的K99+的两类菌株呈阳性反应,其余7株单抗仅对O抗原为101的K99+菌发生反应.所有的K99单抗对所试的K88+或987P+或F41+的大肠秆菌均以夏其他种肠道杆菌均无交叉反应。EK409和EKA7—3单抗还具有抑制MRHA反应的特性。     

青海地区丝状支原体山羊亚种的流行病学调查

为了解丝状支原体山羊亚种在青海地区的流行状况,利用丝状支原体山羊亚种抗体检测正向间接血凝试剂盒对2007～2009年采自青海各地区的1 200份山羊血清进行检测。结果显示:不同地区山羊血清的阳性率从5.0%～21.0%不等,平均阳性率为16.1%。从季节上看,冬春季节发病率要高于夏秋季节。青海地区的丝状支原体山羊亚种的感染率偏高,应该加强对由丝状支原体山羊亚种的防控。     

副猪嗜血杆菌间接血凝诊断液的制备

【目的】建立一种便于检测副猪嗜血杆菌抗体的方法。【方法】将分离纯化的副猪嗜血杆菌5型超声裂解后,致敏双醛处理的健康绵羊红细胞,制成副猪嗜血杆菌5型间接血凝诊断液,检测该诊断液的活力及特异性。【结果】该诊断液特异性强,仅与副猪嗜血杆菌5型阳性血清发生凝集反应。活力也比较高,达到1:512以上,可以用其进行副猪嗜血杆菌疫苗免疫后抗体检测。【结论】该间接血凝诊断液成功制备为广大兽医化验人员提供一种简单、快速、经济的检测副猪嗜血杆菌抗体的方法,为副猪嗜血杆菌病的诊断和防治提供一种有效的手段     

应用间接血凝试验(IHA)诊断猪蛔虫病

以猪蛔虫抗原致敏绵羊红细胞制备检测猪蛔虫特异性抗体的间接血凝诊断试剂,与猪蛔虫抗体发生特异性凝集反应.结果表明,用间接血凝诊断试剂对3 000份猪血清进行现场检测,阳性率为30.00%;而琼脂扩散试验(AGP)的阳性率为13.00%,表明,间接血凝试验(IHA)比GAP敏感,间接血凝诊断试剂可用于猪蛔虫病的快速诊断.     

反向被动血凝检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的研究

本文首次报道一种快速检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)的反向被动血凝法(RPHA),并对其特异性、敏感性和实用性进行了探讨。还用该RPHA法比较了不同纯度抗原制备的抗体的免疫学特性和应用价值。最后,对单克降抗体(McAb)用于RPHA的可能性也进行了一些试验。 结果表明:1.用RPHA法检测IBV有快速、敏感、简便而准确的优点;2.病毒抗原经一次超速离心处理,即可达到RPHA的要求,3.抗体谱较窄或效价较低的McAb,可能不适用于IBV的RPHA方法。     

辽宁省猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒抗体的血清学调查

摘要： 从辽宁省各地区采集猪血清样本,应用血凝和血凝抑制试验检测血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(HEV)抗体。结果,910份样品中有451份呈现HEV抗体阳性反应,阳性率为49.6%;抽检了10个规模化养猪场共280份样品,阳性率高达70.0%;抽查了不同年龄阶段猪血清样品,种母猪阳性率最高,为73.8%,仔猪次之,为67.5%,育肥猪最低,为37.0%。调查证明辽宁省各地区普遍存在HEV感染,被采集血清的成年猪未表现临床症状,说明HEV在本地区的猪群中主要表现为隐性感染,仔猪有少数出现症状,诊断为HEV与猪瘟或猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等混合感染。关键词：血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒;血清学调查;猪;     

兔病毒性出血症Dot-IGSS检测方法的建立

[目的]建立一种检测兔病毒性出血症IgG抗体的斑点免疫金银染色法（Dot—IGSS）。[方法]选择抗原包被浓度20μg/ml,被检血清稀释度1：160;鼠抗兔IgG稀释度1：200、金标羊抗鼠IgG稀释度1：20的工作条件,用所建立的Dot—IGSS与血凝抑制试验（HI）对96头份被检血清进行平行检测。[结果]Dot—IGSS和HI的检测阳性率分别为94％和31％。[结论]所建立的Dot—IGSS是一种灵敏、特异和稳定的血清学捡测方法,适用于兔病毒性出血症的诊断和抗体检测。     

PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE INACTIVATION OF ANTIBIOTICS

Enhanced production of penicillin is made possible by addition of Cellophane to fluid media. With Cellophane bags of suitable surface, the growth of the submerged and surface penicillin producing strains of Penicillium notatum is significantly faster and more abundant; penicillin makes its appearance earlier and reaches higher concentration in larger total volumes than in control cultures without Cellophane. Thus the gain with the method described is both in the rate of production as well as in the total yield of penicillin. The enhancement also occurs under conditions unfavorable for development of penicillin, namely, (a) with degenerated cultures of the mold; and (b) when the surface penicillin producing strain is grown in cultures with an unfavorably small [See Equation In PDF file] ratio (0.0315). There is also noted a markedly stabilizing effect of Cellophane upon the H-ion concentration of abundantly growing cultures during active production of penicillin. The stabilization is of significance, since the sharp rise in pH usually occurring in Penicillium cultures tends to destroy rapidly the penicillin.     

Inactivation of Penicillins G and K by Liver and Kidney

The inactivation of penicillin K is more rapid in the renal-ligated rabbit than in the renal-ligated, eviscerate preparation. Inactivation of penicillin K occurs in the presence of surviving liver and kidney slices. Small amounts of penicillin G were inactivated by liver slices; larger amounts disappeared in the presence of kidney slices. The inactivation of penicillin K in the presence of rabbit liver and kidney slices is demonstrable anaerobically as well as aerobically.     

H1亚型猪流感病毒的分离鉴定

从山东、浙江、湖南、广西等地区各猪场采集30份疑似猪流感病猪的病料,通过鸡胚培养、血凝及血凝抑制试验、电镜观察、RT-PCR和测序分析进行了分离鉴定。结果从山东和湖南两地分离到4株有血凝活性的病毒,其中山东的2株病毒与新城疫病毒阳性血清的血凝抑制试验为阳性,通过电镜观察湖南的2株病毒具有猪流感病毒的特征,且与抗H1亚型猪流感病毒阳性血清的血凝抑制试验为阳性;根据H1亚型猪流感病毒HA基因设计引物,利用RT-PCR扩增出543bp片段,经序列分析证实该病毒为H1亚型猪流感病毒。     

H5型高致病性禽流感免疫抗体监测及免疫效果分析

[目的]为了评估目前临床上大量免疫高致病性禽流感疫苗的免疫效果和质量。[方法]利用翅静脉法在127个养鸡场2、2个养鸭场、2个养鹅场1、个养鸽场采集血样,通过血凝抑制试验对H5型高致病性禽流感抗体进行监测,并分析免疫效果。[结果]5个养鸡场免疫不合格,8个养鸭场免疫不合格(主要为肉鸭场),2个养鹅场和1个养鸽场均免疫合格。抗体合格率为88.05%,免疫合格场达91.40%[。结论]雏鸡的最佳首免时间应为2周左右。经2次免疫接种的禽类保护力很高,免疫有效期可达4~6个月。     

Penicillin blood-level determinations with a Streptococcus dysgalactiae resistant to normal blood inhibitors

A strain of Str. dysgalactiae was found to be an effective test organism for penicillin blood-level determinations. This organism, although inhibited by penicillin in concentrations of 0.006-0.008 unit/ml., is resistant to the natural inhibiting substances of blood sera. The latter characteristic is very significant, since the test organisms (Str. pyogenes C-203 and B. subtilis) that are now employed for penicillin assay of body fluids are inhibited by a large percentage of human sera. The method described can detect penicillin blood levels in concentration of 0.016 unit/ml. of blood sera. Since blood levels above 0.03 unit/ml. are considered to be therapeutically effective, this method of assay is adequately sensitive for routine clinical application.     

鸡新城疫病毒地方野毒株的分离鉴定与致病性试验

从某一疑似新城疫病例的蛋鸡群中分离到一株病毒，经HA和HI试验、血清中和试验和动物回归试验。最终确认所分离毒株为新城疫病毒。经对分离株的MDT、ICPI和IVPI等致病指数的测定，表明该毒株为新城疫强毒株。     

ORAL PENICILLIN--A COMPARISON OF VARIOUS MODES OF ADMINISTRATION

A comparison of penicillin excretion when equivalent quantities of the drug are given orally or parenterally indicates that approximately 60 per cent. urinary excretion occurs after parenteral administration, whereas 14 per cent. urinary excretion occurs following oral ingestion. That destruction by gastric acidity is not primarily responsible for this difference is indicated by the fact that administration of penicillin directly into the duodenum does not greatly alter the amount of penicillin excretion. Evidence indicating that the majority of orally administered penicillin is destroyed by the body proper is discussed.     

New Concept of Competitive Inhibition of the Renal Tubular Excretion of Penicillin

It has been found that the excretion of penicillin by a renal tubular transport mechanism could be physiologically inhibited reversibly. The basis for this effect is thought to be one of substrate competition between penicillin, which is excreted by the tubules, and 4'-carboxyphenyl-methanesulfonanilide, which is essentially refractory to excretion by that transport mechanism.