不同铜钼水平对小尾寒羊血清铜蓝蛋白和血浆过氧化物歧化酶活性的影响

本试验选用9只体况良好、体重相近、1岁内小尾寒羊半同胞羯羊作为试验动物,研究了日粮中添加不同铜、钼水平对小尾寒羊血清CPL和血浆SOD活性的影响。试验分两期进行,每期随机分为3组,每组3只。第一期试验不添加钼(基础日粮钼水平:0.31mg/kg),第二期在基础日粮的基础上添加2.5mg/kg钼。每期铜的添加量分别为5、10、15mg/kg。结果表明:在低钼日粮条件下,提高铜水平不影响血清CPL的活性(P>0.05);日粮中添加2.5mg/kg钼时,铜水平的提高可显著增加血清CPL的活性(P<0.05)。当铜水平一定时,提高日粮钼水平可降低血清CPL和血浆SOD的活性(P<0.05);而当钼水平一定时,提高铜水平并不能增加血浆SOD的活性(P>0.05)。日粮钼水平为0.31mg/kg时,添加5mg/kg铜可满足机体需要;日粮钼水平为2.81mg/kg时,添加15mg/kg铜较适宜。羊在缺铜时,与血浆SOD的活性比较,血清CPL更宜作为评价铜营养缺乏的指标;铜满足机体需要后,血清CPL和血浆SOD均对铜和钼的变化不敏感。     

THE EFFECT OF EPERYTHROZOON OVIS INFECTION ON THE GLUCOSE LEVEL AND SOME ACID-BASE FACTORS IN THE VENOUS BLOOD OF SHEEP

Eperythrozoon ovis infected sheep have low venous blood glucose levels and correspondingly increased blood lactic acid levels as compared with control sheep. Acid-base studies showed that these changes were accompanied by significant falls in venous pH, and standard bicarbonate as well as a negative base excess. All these changes were considered to result from the increased alvcolytic activity of infected erythrocytes. The acidosis and hypoglycaemia associated with E. ovis infection, while not having any apparent effect on young, well-fed sheep, could be potentially serious in pregnant ewes and in sheep on a low plane of nutrition.     

高剂量铜对仔猪生长性能及血液生化指标的影响

108头体重为(15.8±1.34)kg杜长大仔猪按饲养试验要求分为2组,分别饲喂添加5mg/kg和250mg/kg的铜(CuSO4)的相同饲粮。试验预试7天,正试48天。饲养试验结束后,颈静脉采血制作血清,测定血清SUN等血清常规指标和GH、Gastrin等血清激素水平。试验结果表明:添加高铜使仔猪平均日增重提高13.04%(P<0.01),平均日采食量提高9.9%(P<0.01)。血清中GH、Gastrin浓度分别提高28.32%(P<0.01)、29.25%(P<0.01),皮质醇浓度降低了8.71%(P=0.14),IGF-1浓度有升高的趋势(P>0.05)。血清尿素N(SUN)浓度降低9.67%(P<0.05)。     

THE CHANGES IN PROTEIN CONCENTRATION AND BACTERIA OF FLEECE AND SKIN DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLEECE-ROT AND BODY STRIKE IN SHEEP

The sequence of events in the development of fleece-rot and body strike in sheep is described. When sheep were wetted by rain, vast increases in the numbers on microorganisms on the fleece and skin surface occured. Frequently, only one bacterial genus, Pseudomonas, proliferated and produced a bacteriostat to inhibit the growth of other resident flora. The development of fleece-rot lesions was characterised by a sudden substantial increase od soluble protein, presumably plasma protein, onto the skin surface. Pseudomonas spp proliferated on the skin surface and frequently produced extracellular, green pigment. First instar blowfly larvae were observed subsequently in such lesions.     

THE COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY OF SHEEP AND CHICKEN EMBRYOS TO BLUETONGUE VIRUS AND OBSERVATIONS ON VIRAEMIA IN EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED SHEEP

The virus titre in sheep blood samples received from BT-suspected cases in the field was assayed in sheep and in chicken embryos. These infected blood samples represented 3 different BT virus types: 4, 10 and 16. Three identical experiments were performed, one with each of the 3 different virus types. Ten-fold dilutions of the infected blood samples were prepared and 1 ml of each blood dilution was inoculated IV into series of 10 to 12-month old susceptible sheep; at the same time 0.1 ml of each dilution was inoculated IV into series of 10 to 13-day-old chicken embryos. The virus titre was found to be similar when assayed in the two host systems. There was no correlation between the amount of virus inoculated and the severity of symptoms in the inoculated sheep. The virus content in daily blood samples collected from the experimental sheep was assayed by IV inoculation of CE. Virus was isolated from all the reacting sheep and was detected sometimes as early as 1 day PI and as late as 30 days PI. A high titre of log10 4.0 to 7.0 per 1 ml of blood was recorded during several consecutive days before and after the onset of clinical signs. There seemed to be an inverse ratio between the amount of virus inoculated and the number of days the virus persisted in the bloodstream. The neutralisation index in day 22 serum samples was 3.5 to 4.5. Virus was isolated from some of the reacting sheep on the day that these antibody levels were recorded. Since the comparative simultaneous titrations of BT virus in sheep and in CE yielded similar results, the IV inoculation of CE is advocated as the routine method to be employed for laboratory diagnosis of this disease.