猪病诊治专家系统的研制与应用

为了有效地向养殖户提供猪病诊治技术,将人工智能、多媒体等信息技术与农业技术有机结合,开发出基于PAID4.0开发平台的猪病诊治专家系统。该系统包括了知识浏览型的猪病介绍和智能推理的临床诊断等功能,对主要猪病的诊断与治疗提供远程在线决策,涉及70余种猪病种类,140余幅相关图片,本文对系统的功能和应用也作了介绍。     

棉花的缺水伤害和抗伤害机理

水分亏缺可以在棉花的器官、组织、细胞、细胞器和分子水平上造成伤害，名括气孔和非气孔限制等引起的光合降低，活性氧代谢失调造成的膜伤害和由此引起的呼吸异常、Ｎ代谢紊乱、激素平衡破坏等，在器官水平上表现出生育不良和减产。但棉株体内存在完整的抗缺水伤害系统，主要表现在缺水时通过可溶性糖和脯氨酸积累调节渗透压和保护大分子物质，通过结合态ＩＡＡ转化为游离ＩＡＡ，稳定游离ＩＡＡ的水平，通过保护酶系的协同作用稳定膜系统等。     

EMIS expert management information system design and implementation

To solve the problems of the existing expert management information system, such as lack of general standard and lag of technical operation, etc., an Internet-based EMIS expert management information system is designed and implemented by using ASP.NET technology and multi-layer B/S structure mode. The system integrates three functions, i.e. network reporting, online review and automatic management, unifies the expert accreditation procedures and criteria and solves the confusion problem of the expert information structure system. It also reduces complexity and cost of system development, increases integrability and scalability, and provides an effective solution for the construction of national expert management information system.     

基于XMPP的农业远程监测和诊断平台的研究

为解决农业生产远程监测和远程咨询诊断问题,采用XMPP及其扩展协议Jingle,研发农业远程监测和咨询诊断于一体的综合平台,实现农业生产环境因子远程监测、生产现场远程视频监视和远程双向视频咨询诊断功能。平台采用客户端和服务器结,农业生产环境因子远程监测依靠集中器把各指令和数据转换成XMPP格式,生产现场远程视频监视和远程双向视频咨询诊断通过XMPP解析模块把各指令和文本数据转换成XMPP格式,然后与服务器端进行通讯,音频和视频数据采用XMPP的扩展协议Jingle进行传输。平台在农产品安全生产中进行了试用,农业生产远程监测和专家咨询诊断在同一平台完成,保证了农作物生产的产量和品质。     

基于3G网络的果树病虫害可视化诊断系统研究

为提高农业专家系统的工作效率和使用效果,促进其普及应用,对无线通信网络应用于农业专家系统进行探讨,设计基于3G网络的可视化病虫害系统,用户可通过手机终端访问系统,传送病虫害特征信息,在线获取病虫害防治解决方案。结果表明该系统具有良好的普适性,为果树栽培管理提供了技术支撑工具。     

Discussion on Disadvantages of the Current Water Supply Firing System Based on the Individual Building

By analyzing the problems and their reasons existed in the water firing prevention system, it is pointed out that the current Chinese firing prevention system is a partial and half-baked one, based solely on the individual building. Fire is an accident to a building, while it is a necessity to a city. Fire fighting is not only the responsibility of individual buildings, but also a part of disaster prevention system. The specialized management, power of fire fighting and salvation of the city nowadays should be reinforced. The responsibility of firing prevention system in a building is to put off the initial flame and prevent the fire extending within the right time, meanwhile to start the fire prevention and contingency measurements of the city.     

Study on Community Ecological Security

This paper argues that community ecological security(CES) includes personal security, public safety and humanistic ecological security. The personal security is to protect the resident's life and physical health, public safety means that the residents don't suffer from physical damages or property damages in daily life, and humanistic ecological security is interpreted as that ideas of harmony, fairness, balance implied in ecology are used to coordinate the social relations of settlements, alleviate the increasingly serious social problems of residential space differentiation. In light of serious community ecological safety issues in China, the corresponding measures are pointed out: road system of "separating people and vehicles"; consideration of disaster prevention and mitigation in residential space design; the community construction from culture, environment, management and service; response to the residential space differentiation.     

A Preliminary Survey on Analysis Method of Building Structures Under Post-Earthquake Fire

Considering the impact of post-earthquake fire on building structures in structure design, an analysis method is proposed to analyze and simulate the response of building structures under post-earthquake fire. Based on the seismic response and thermal stress analysis, this method considers the structure seismic damage through a simplified seismic damage model, and the simulation of the response of building structures under post-earthquake fire was reached by linking the heat transfer analysis and thermal stress analysis to the results of seismic damage. A single-storey concrete frame and a multi-story concrete frame were analyzed with this method and compared with experimental results of the same concrete frame under fire without seismic damage. It is shown that the collapse mode may change for seismic damaged structures and the fire resistance decreases with the increasing of seismic damage degree.     

Parsimonious Covering Probability Model for Turbogenerator Vibration Faulty Diagnosis

The turbogenerator vibration faults have the character of variety. Many faults often occur synchronously. This paper introduces a diagnosing model based on parsimonious covering theory and probability. A model for turtogenerator's fault diagnosis is proposed. The availability of this method is proved by two fault diagnosis examples of turbogenerator. The results show that the model proposed can be used for multi_fault diagnosis together. It may make up shortage for some of expert systems and neural networks in some aspect. From the practice,this model has higher reliability and practicability.     

On line tool breakage monitoring method based on power information and cross-correlation algorithm

In order to reliably monitor unexpected tool failure and prevent workpiece or machine tool from possible damages in batch machining, a tool breakage on-line monitoring method based on power information and cross-correlation algorithm is proposed. In this method, wavelet coefficients of spindle-power signal are used as the characteristic vector of machining information, and then the vector sequence extracted from a normal machining process via Mallat wavelet is defined as the reference template for monitoring cutting tool condition. In batch machining, real-time characteristic vector of the workpiece in machining process is extracted via an improved real-time wavelet algorithm. The correlation of two vector sub-sequences within a sampling time window, which is described by generalized cross-correlation coefficient, decreases apparently when the tool is broken. The generalized cross-correlation coefficient is defined as tool condition index (TCI), and tool breakage can be detected by monitoring the TCI with a threshold value. Experiments show that the method can accurately identify tool breakage failures in normal machining condition, and thus it is practical.     

Analysis and Strategic Decision of Extinguishments System at the Initial Stage of Fire in Commercial Buildings

The best chance to extinguish the fire in commercial buildings is at the initial stage of a fire.For the problems during extinguishments at the initial stage of fire,a fire extinguishment system model at initial stage of fire in commercial buildings is designed.The fire data come from the fire cases in Chinese commercial buildings.The expected value and Variance of probability of basic events are calculated by using Bayesian statistical analysis method,which has overcome the difficulty from inefficient fire datum and obtaining repeated fire experience.Then the failure probability of extinguishments system at initial stage of fire is concluded from fault tree analysis and the error propagation analysis of fault tree is made.A systematic strategic decision has been made finally.     

Assessment of insurance coverage and claims in rainfall related risks in processing tomato in Western Spain

An extension of guarantees related to rainfall-related risks in the insurance of processing tomato crops has been accompanied with a large increase in claims in Western Spain, suggesting that damages may have been underestimated in previous years. A database was built by linking agricultural insurance records, meteorological data from local weather stations, and topographic data. The risk of rainfall-related damages in processing tomato in the Extremenian Guadiana river basin (W Spain) was studied using a logistic model. Risks during the growth of the crop and at harvesting were modelled separately. First, the risk related to rainfall was modelled as a function of meteorological, terrain and management variables. The resulting models were used to identify the variables responsible for rainfall-related damages, with a view to assess the potential impact of extending insurance coverage, and to develop an index to express the suitability of the cropping system for insurance. The analyses reveal that damages at different stages of crop development correspond to different hazards. The geographic dependence of the risk influences the scale at which the model might have validity, which together with the year dependency, the possibility of implementing index based insurances is questioned.     

农业标准化生产及其管理系统开发平台研究

分析中国农业标准化生产现状，发现其中存在的问题，提出与农业信息技术结合是解决问题的途径之一。而专家系统开发工具（平台）是农业信息技术的关键技术之一，它作为一种开发专家系统的通用工具，使农业领域专家无需掌握过多的编程知识就能建造性能良好的专家系统，从而能有效克服目前农业标准化生产中存在的问题。基于此介绍了将农业标准化生产和专家系统开发平台结合起来建立农业标准化生产管理系统开发平台的建立基础、设计思路、技术路线以及平台功能，并阐述了农业标准化生产管理系统开发平台的应用前景。     

基于本体推理和数据挖掘的良好农业规范专家系统

针对良好农业规范(good agricultural practices,GAP)标准内容复杂,不易被农业生产者准确使用的问题,将本体推理和数据挖掘技术相结合,构建了良好农业规范专家系统,实现标准知识查询和GAP控制点推荐等功能,更好的帮助生产者理解和使用GAP。系统构建过程中,采用本体知识表示方法构建GAP标准知识库,通过解析“良好农业规范生产和认证信息服务平台”的GAP电子检查表记录,对挖掘过程中涉及的关联规则算法进行分析和改进,挖掘分析了用户对控制点使用的偏好。设计了控制点评价模型,实现了GAP控制点的择优推荐。系统基于MVC模式,设计为3层体系架构。通过测试应用,用户能够准确和容易的使用GAP标准。     

A Uncertain Reasoning Machine

This paper firstly discusses some problem about the uncertain reasoning machine in the agricultural expert system based on HPC, such as the knowledge representation, the certainty factor, the representation of evidence uncertainty, the calculation of multi evidence uncertainty, the update of uncertainty and so on. Secondly, the control strategy of this uncertain reasoning machine is discussed. This control strategy adopts a converse reasoning strategy based on target, and it adopts a conflict removing strategy based on certainty factor. The arithmetic to realize the uncertain reasoning machine is also given in detail. At last, this paper stats the example of malnutrition diagnosing of grape as the application of the reasoning machine.     

A Practical Expert System for Plant of Tomato

Research for expert system of tomato planting, it intents to set up a all around expert decision system combining agriculture knowledge, scientific research production and practical experience with computer technology. This system makes the best of the modern multimedia computer technology, which gathers words, sound and image .It provides visual, intuitive,scientific and convenient environment using. Moreover, it employs theories of Artificial Neural Network and Expert System, combines experience of experts in tomato's field and simulates agricultural experts to guide farmers to plant tomato.     

The effect of pod elimination on water stress in relation to antioxidant enzymes activity and proline in three annual medics species

Despite the importance of pod removal in the seeds of annual medics, there have been few studies carried out in this area. In this research, the role of pod removal in growth and biochemical enzyme activities was examined in three annual medic species during drought stress and subsequent recovery. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. The treatments were carried out on annual medic species of three levels: Medicago rigidula, M. scutellata, M. polymorpha, presence or removal of the pod and water stress. Water stress was split into the following four levels: 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% field capacity (FC) during the stress period. The results showed that drought stress and subsequent recovery increased proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity. The highest proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity was observed in M. Scutellata. However, the rate at which proline increased, decreased at 40% FC whereas the antioxidant enzyme reached their highest activity at 40% FC. The antioxidant enzymes’ activity and proline content without the pod experiment were significantly higher than with the pod experiment. Since the activation of an antioxidant system and the increasing of the proline content helps the plants with stress induced damages, our results indicated that elimination of pods of annual medics before sowing helps seedlings to perform better under drought stress. This data is useful to gain a better understanding of the physiological basis of the changes in drought resistance as well as the crop breeding projects.     

Analysis of Quality Problems and Their Traits of Main Structure in Construction Engineering

The main structure in construction engineering is the organic part of the load - carrying system of construction engineering. Its quality is the core for realizing the value of construction engineering quality. The essence of its quality problems is that the quality behavior, intermediate output or final product of the construction body cant meet the requirements of national laws, regulations and obligatory criteria during construction work. Its quality problems have the following eight traits such as complexity, frequent occurrence, potentiality, chain effect, heavy damages, multiple responsibilities, difficulties of treatment and high expenditure for treatment.     

An Expert System Approach to the Computer Aided Design of Intelligent Controllers

The idea for an expert system approach to the computer aided design of intelligent controllers (ESCAD1C) is discussed and the idea of two step modelling of an intelligent controller is presented on the basis of emulating human control behaviours to solve complex problems. The structure, functions and characteristics of ESCADTC system , and the design procedures of intelligent controllers are gived. The knowledge base and simulating functions for designing intelligent controllers are also described.     

基于无线传感器网络的森林火情实时监测系统

为了实现森林火情监测过程的自动化、智能化和网络化,提出基于无线传感器网络的森林火情实时监测系统。该系统由无线传感监测网络和监控中心2部分组成,可实时、在线、精确获取森林气象及火场环境信息,具有部署灵活、维护方便、成本低廉、扩展性好等优点。移动节点的引入进一步加强了消防人员的安全保障和监测系统的可靠性。将该系统应用在情况复杂多变、实时性要求很高的森林防火,能显著提高救灾效率,减少火灾所带来的人员和财产损失。