池塘大面积养殖加州鲈高产技术

加州鲈学名大口黑鲈 ,隶属鲈形目 ,太阳鱼科 ,黑鲈属。原产于美洲的淡水河、湖中 ,二十世纪八十年代引入我国 ,我市于 1987年开始养殖。该品种适温范围在 2～ 35℃ ,最适生长温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃ ;水中溶氧需在 4mg L以上 ;食性以肉食为主 ,兼食其它。加州鲈适应性强 ,生长较快 ,可单养 ,也可套养。加之其肉质细嫩、味道鲜美 ,市场需求量大 ,价格较高 ,因而养殖效益明显 ,是近年来重点推广养殖、市场适销对路的名优水产品之一。现将我市在 2 0 0 2年实施的池塘大面积养殖加州鲈高产技术报告如下。1　材料与方法1.1　材料池塘系本市安昌河沿…     

鲈池塘养殖试验报告

１９９３－１９９４年对鲈养殖的密度、饵料、溶氧、盐度及生长规律等进行了较系研究，对池塘养殖管理直到收获全过程的相关技术进行了试验。结果：养成成活率９０％以上，两年平均，体重２２８．５ｇ，亩产２６４．７５ｋｇ，亩纯利３２７８。５元。１９９５年１月专家鉴定认为，本成果居国内先进水平，其中鲈的当年养殖产量、密度及池塘养殖生物学研究属国内领先水平。     

鲈池塘养殖技术初探

研究了池塘养鲈的池塘设施、鱼苗暂养、养成管理、鱼病防治等技术措施。     

加洲鲈——池塘养殖新品种

加洲鲈(Micro pterus Salmoides)又名大口鲈．属鲈形目，太阳鱼科．原产于美国密西西比河水系．最大个体达10公斤。70年代中期引入我国台湾省，1984年引入我国广东省试养，1985年人工繁殖成功。1988年引入北京，1090年在昌平县水产养殖场繁殖成功。     

攀鲈池塘高产养殖试验

攀鲈（地方名甘毛），攀鲈属，鲈科。主要分布于我国南方，多栖息于江河、池塘、水沟等淡水水域。具有适应性强，耐低氧，食性杂，肉嫩味美等特点，深受消费者喜爱。适宜pH６～９，生长水温１８～３５℃，最适生长水温２５～３０℃，低于１５℃停止摄食，属热带、亚热带淡水野生经济鱼类。笔者在人工催产取得突破的基础上，进行池塘高产养殖试验，现将情况报告如下。一、池塘条件与方法１．池塘条件试验池塘为沙质土壤，不渗漏，淤泥深２０厘米左右，水深１．３～１．５米，水源为南渡江渠道灌溉用水，四周通风透阳。２．池塘的消毒与施肥…     

池塘养殖泥鳅试验

泥鳅肉质鲜价格高、生命力强、生长周期短,见效快、具有产量高、效益高、易推广等特点,其肉质细嫩鲜美．营养丰富且无肌间小刺．深受国内外消费者青睐。目前开封市泥鳅供应绝大数来自野生．全靠自然捕捞．产品规格大小不一,价格不稳．缺少主养的养殖技术。     

鲈生物学及池塘养殖技术

报道了鲈繁殖、食性、摄食、生长等习笥及鲈池塘养殖技术，在山东越冬的３种方式、鲈的主要病害及防治。     

加州鲈池塘养殖高产技术

加州鲈（MicropterusSalmonoides）具有生长快、耐低温、疾病少、肉质好的特点，营养价值和经济效益都较高，是全国各地养殖的特种水产品之一。近年来养殖规模不断扩大，总产量也随之增加，但从总体来说，单位面积产量还不高。江苏省吴县市黄桥水产养殖场经过两年池塘养殖生产性试验，1994年亩产达330公斤，1995年亩产又达350公斤，并总结了一套高产经验。1池塘条件养殖加州护的一个重要技术关键是池塘面积不宜过大，一般培育大规格鱼种的培育面积为1～3亩，成鱼养殖地面积为3～5亩。如面积过大，易造成管理不便，吃食不匀，使鲸鱼生长差异…     

加州鲈池塘套养试验

１９９２－１９９３年在３口鱼池（８６００ｍ＾２）进行套养加州钙试验，结果净产加州鲈７６．５ｋｇ，增加产值７２８０元，增加利润６５８０元，产值约占池塘总产值的５０％，利润占６６％。     

长丝鲈池塘养殖试验

长丝鲈(Osphronemusgoramy)原产于印度尼西亚爪哇岛,为东南亚特产淡水鱼类,具有肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、食性广泛、生长快速、群体产量高等优点,是一种既可观赏又可食用的热带优良养殖鱼类。我国近年来少量引进试养,有关长丝鲈的养殖技术尚处于研究摸索中。泉州市水产技术推广站20     

丁(鱼岁)的池塘养殖试验

介绍了丁(鱼岁)的池塘养殖、水质调控、病害防治技术;养殖全程投喂自行配制的饲料,采取捕大留小的方法出售尾重400～500 g 的商品鱼,鱼种经过10个月的养殖,平均尾重达0.62 kg,平均产量7 950 kg/hm2,成活率93.4%,饲料系数1.57,养殖投入与产出比为1∶2.2.试验说明:丁(鱼岁)作为新引入的名优品种能适应浙江的地理环境,具有高产、高效的可行性.     

亲鱼培育池套养白斑狗鱼试验

在草鱼和鲢亲鱼池套养白斑狗鱼,分别设置3个套养密度组(150、225、300尾/hm2),依常规饲养管理方式进行亲鱼培育。从白斑狗鱼的成活率、出池规格、单产、净利润等方面综合分析,放养全长7~8 cm的白斑狗鱼鱼种、密度225尾/hm2左右较合适,草鱼亲鱼池套养白斑狗鱼效果优于鲢亲鱼池。为充分利用白斑狗鱼冬季不停食习性,可结合冬季大捕捞在亲鱼池内补充一些饵料野杂鱼。     

黄河岸边盐碱地罗氏沼虾养殖技术

黄河岸边低洼易涝盐碱地面积大,水体pH值较高。介绍了盐碱地养殖罗氏沼虾技术。单养罗氏沼虾产量可达4500 kg/hm2,收入75000元/hm2;鱼虾混养,虾产量可达3300 kg/hm2,收入52500元/hm2。黄河两岸低洼盐碱地养殖罗氏沼虾,对增加低洼易涝盐碱地养殖新品种、扩大养殖面积、增加农渔民的收入有较好的推动作用。     

室内水泥池养殖史氏鲟技术

在室内水泥池使用深井水养殖史氏鲟。通过合理投喂、定期分池及采取有效的水温调控方法,经8个月养殖,史氏鲟平均规格为675 g/尾,成活率达95.5%,平均每尾利润8.43元。     

太阳鱼人工杂交繁殖技术研究

利用人工催产、自然产卵受精技术,对30组蓝鳃太阳鱼(♂)和绿鳃太阳鱼(♀)亲鱼成功地进行人工杂交繁殖试验。在第2次注射催产剂36h后亲鱼开始产卵,4d后产卵结束,共产卵9组,产卵率30%,产卵4.95万粒,受精卵约4万粒,受精率约82.2%。经38~50 h孵化,出苗3.4万尾,孵化率85%。获3 cm苗种2.5万尾,成活率73.5%     

Prey-size Preference, Maximum Handling Size, and Consumption Rates for Redear Sunfish Lepomis microlophus Feeding on Two Gastropods Common to Aquaculture Ponds

Maximum handling sizes, prey size and species preferences, and ad libitum consumption rates were determined for three size classes of redear sunfish Lepomis microlophus feeding on Physa gyrina and Helisoma trivolvis , two common aquaculture-pond snails which serve as intermediate hosts for fish parasites. Maximum handling-size experiments indicated that redear sunfish as small as 14-cm total length were capable of consuming all sizes of Physa typically observed in ponds, whereas only redear sunfish of at least 32-cm total length are capable of consuming all commonly observed sizes of pond-dwelling Helisoma . When presented with a range of sizes of both snail species, redear sunfish consumed higher proportions of smaller- and medium-sized snails; the largest snails offered were uneaten or consumed in relatively small quantities. Multiple linear regression was applied to consumption data to develop a simple model for predicting mean daily ad libitum consumption rate (g/g per d) for redear sunfish feeding on snails with temperature (20–27 C) and fish total length (9–24 cm) as independent variables. Our findings will facilitate prediction of numbers of redear sunfish of a given size required to control populations of Physa and Helisoma in ponds. Such predictions will enable pond owners to quickly evaluate whether stocking redear sunfish as a control agent for undesirable snail populations will be economically and logistically feasible. Findings also indicate potential limitations in the use of redear sunfish to control populations of Helisoma due to the inability of redear sunfish as large as 24-cm total length to consume the largest 30–40% of Helisoma commonly observed in ponds and to the expense of stocking larger fish (32-cm total length) capable of consuming all sizes of Helisoma .     

美国太阳鱼的人工繁殖及养殖技术试验总结

蓝绿鳞鳃太阳鱼（Ｌｅｐｏｍｉｓ Ｍａｃｒｏｅｈｉｕｓ）又名蓝鳃太阳鱼,英文名称为Ｂｌｕｅｇｉｌｌ Ｓｕｎｆｉｓｈ,为鲈形目,太阳鱼科的淡水鱼类。原产于美国南部及墨西哥北部的淡水水域中,作为食用、游钓、观赏的鱼类品种,是北美洲水产养殖的重要品种之一。１９８７年我国的湖北、湖南、北京等省市从美国引进该鱼苗养殖,均能在当地自然安全越冬。１９９８年我省东莞、顺德市也从美国引进该鱼进行养殖。在国内,本场率先于１９９９年成功进行人工繁殖,当年９月前繁育出３００万尾不同规格的苗种,其中３ｃｍ以上规格鱼种１００万…     

无公害水产品的养殖及管理

无公害渔业是我国现代渔业的发展方向。我国现已制定的无公害水产品行业标准已达66项,但在实际执行中存在不少问题。从宣传培训、政府推动、质量检测、有效监控机制等方面提出了加强无公害水产养殖管理的措施。     

Production of Sunfish Lepomis spp. in Ponds Treated with Controlled-Release Fertilizers

Abstract.– Controlled-release fertilizer in pond water released nutrients according to the pattern reported for exposure in soil. A single application of controlled-release fertilizer (13% N, 13% P₂O_5, 13% K₂O) was compared with multiple applications of conventional, liquid fertilizer (10% N, 34% P₂O₅, 0% K₂O) for augmenting sunfish production in ponds. Liquid fertilizer was used at an annual phosphorus input rate of 39.3 kg/ha; controlled-release fertilizer was applied at 19.7, 9.8, and 4.9 kg phosphorus/ha per yr. Phytoplankton abundance inferred from chlorophyll u and Secchi disk visibility estimates and phytoplankton photosynthesis measured by the oxygen, light-dark bottle method were similar in ponds treated with liquid fertilizer and in ponds that received controlled-release fertilizers at the two highest rates. Net sunfish production did not differ among ponds treated with 39.3 kg phosphorus/ha in liquid fertilizer or 19.7 and 9.8 kg phosphorus/ha applied in controlled-release fertilizer. Controlled-release fertilizer used in this study contained more nitrogen and potassium than needed, but a custom, controlled-release fertilizer with the proper ratio of nutrients can be made. This fertilizer would have the advantage of requiring only a single application at the beginning of the growing season, and amounts of soluble reactive phosphorus in outflow from ponds could be reduced by using controlled-release fertilizers.