陕西省畜禽屠宰行业现状及发展对策

为全面了解畜禽屠宰行业发展现状,笔者对陕西省畜禽屠宰企业进行调研,分析了畜禽屠宰行业和监管现状,指出了畜禽屠宰监管不充分、生猪屠宰整体发展不均衡、牛羊屠宰发展相对落后、家禽规范化屠宰实施难等问题,针对性提出了持续强化畜禽屠宰监管、促进生猪屠宰企业转型升级、统筹规划牛羊屠宰产业、尽快规范家禽屠宰管理等策略,以期为陕西省畜禽屠宰高质量发展提供参考。     

安徽省宿州市畜禽屠宰行业现状

为了解畜禽屠宰行业发展现状，安徽宿州市以全国畜禽屠宰信息管理系统数据为基础，通过对宿州市畜禽屠宰企业进行调研，分析了畜禽屠宰行业和监管现状，指出了检疫监管力量不足、生猪屠宰产能过剩、牛羊屠宰规模化程度低等问题，针对性地提出了加强监管队伍建设，强化监管技术手段，加快转型升级，统筹规划牛羊禽屠宰产业等策略，以期为畜禽屠宰行业监管和发展提供参考。     

细说北京市生猪屠宰检疫监管

本文以食品安全监管机构改革、职能调整为背景,回顾了北京市生猪屠宰监管的历史,从屠宰情况、机构设置、队伍建设和工作内容等4个方面介绍了生猪屠宰检疫监管的现状,分析了职责、内容和措施不明确、检疫检验标准体系不健全、企业自检能力不足等当前制约有效监管的问题,并提出建议,以期为生猪屠宰行业的有效监管提供参考和借鉴。     

对生猪屠宰企业实行风险分级管理的思考

生猪屠宰企业风险分级管理是有效提升监管资源利用率,强化监管效能,促进生猪屠宰企业落实生猪产品质量安全主体责任的重要手段。近年来,我国积极探索实施生猪屠宰企业分级管理,讨论制订分级管理办法。本文论述了生猪屠宰企业分级管理在履行监管工作职能、推动行业转型升级、完善法律法规3个方面的必要性,提出了实行量化分级管理、科学设置风险评估要素、合理应用风险分级结果、确保各项管理措施有效衔接以及实施风险分级动态管理的建议,可为我国合理利用监管资源,推进风险分级管理提供参考。     

声音

正生猪屠宰一头连着生猪养殖,一头连着肉品消费,是保障肉品质量安全的关键环节。生猪屠宰监管要紧紧围绕努力确保屠宰环节不发生重大质量安全事件这一根本目标,突出抓好强化屠宰行业监管和屠宰行业发展这两个重点,全面落实政府属地管理责任、部门监管责任、企业主体责任,严把企业设立审批关,入场静养关,质量检验制度关和常态监管关,进一步增强屠宰监管能力,加快推进屠宰行业转型升级步伐。     

浅谈阜阳市生猪定点屠宰监管工作存在问题及建议

生猪定点屠宰监管职能移交后,阜阳市成立生猪屠宰监管机构、制定落实监管制度,着力构建生猪屠宰监管长效机制,取得一定成效.通过调查研究发现存在生猪屠宰监管能力亟需提升、屠宰企业布局不合理等问题,提出了加强法规宣传培训、强化行业自律意识、完善执法体系建设等建议,以促进我市屠宰监管工作规范开展.     

天津市关于在畜禽屠宰行业建立监管长效机制的建议

为顺利完成天津市生猪定点屠宰监督管理职能划转,做好职能划转后的屠宰行业管理,对全市畜禽屠宰行业现状进行了调研,发现屠宰企业规模小、产能过剩、质量安全隐患大、屠宰不规范、代宰制普遍存在等问题,提出了建立屠宰行业监管长效机制的对策、建议,为政府、职能部门和监管机构提供决策参考。     

关于地方畜禽屠宰立法的思考

畜禽屠宰行业监管关系食品安全,地方畜禽屠宰立法是完善畜禽屠宰管理的重要内容。本文结合我国畜禽屠宰地方立法面临的立法层次、监管范畴、厂点设置等问题进行分析,认为地方立法应倾向制定地方性法规,牛羊禽应纳入屠宰管理范畴,严控小型生猪屠宰点及规范生猪屠宰厂(场、点)的设置等,以期为地方优化畜禽屠宰管理措施提供参考。     

对大理州生猪定点屠宰监管工作的思考

分析大理州生猪定点屠宰监管工作现状及存在问题,提出加强领导,科学指导;优化布局,严格屠宰企业准入管理;依法经营,改善服务;抓好屠宰检疫,做好无害化处理;强化屠宰行业管理,规范屠宰行业发展秩序等对策措施,为进一步做好全州生猪定点屠宰监管工作提供参考。     

宁乡市生猪屠宰情况调研报告

为履行好生猪屠宰管理职能,切实保障群众的肉食品安全,文章对湖南省宁乡市生猪屠宰行业及屠宰监管情况进行了调研。针对存在的B类屠宰点设置风险大、肉品配送难以符合消费习惯、村组放心肉难以覆盖、执法监管力量较弱和牛羊禽类屠宰管理缺失等问题,作者提出了试点设立乡镇屠宰点、推行肉品配送服务、建立村组屠户备案制度和增强屠宰监管体系等建议。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。