沙拉沙星对实验性感染猪链球菌病及大肠杆菌病的药效学

为兽医临床合理应用沙拉星（Ｓarafloxacin）提供理论依据,就其对实验性感染猪链球菌 病及大肠杆菌病的药效学进行了研究。以试管２倍稀释法测得沙拉沙星对兰氏Ｃ群类马链球菌（Ｃ５５１２０）和猪大肠杆菌（Ｏ５５）的最小抑菌浓度（ＭＩＣ）分别是０．８mg/Ｌ及０．０５mg/Ｌ。肌注给药对猪链球菌病和大肠杆菌病的试验性治疗结果不明,低、中 高剂量沙拉沙星组２．５、５、１０mg/kg）及环丙沙星组（５mg/kg）用药５d（每隔１２     

黄角射干注射液治疗猪喘气病的临床疗效试验

对自然感染猪喘气病的猪群,用黄角射干注射液分别按高(0.2ml/kg.b.w)、中(0.1ml/kg.b.w)、低(0.05ml/kg.b.w)三个剂量肌肉注射治疗,同时设立麻杏石甘散对照组。试验结果表明:用药3d后,黄角射干注射液高、中剂量组的总有效率分别为90.0、86.7,效果优于对照药物麻杏石甘散(60.0)。     

猪附红细胞体病并发链球菌病的诊治

本文总结了猪附红细胞体病并发链球菌病的病原学、临床症状和诊断,并推荐了实用经验处方:①黄芪多糖注射液(0.2 m L/kg)+鱼腥草注射液(0.1 m L/kg)+头孢噻呋钠或氨苄西林钠(0.1 g/kg),混合肌注,1剂/d、连注3 d;②复方长效磺胺注射液(0.2~0.4 m L/kg、首次注射倍量0.4 m L/kg)+黄芪多糖注射液(0.2 m L/kg),混合肌注,1剂/d、连注3 d,效果良好。     

动物皮癣菌病与螨虫病联合防治技术研究与应用

研制的抗动物皮癣菌病与螨虫病联合缓释剂与粉剂(简称皮复康缓释剂与皮复康粉剂),临床试验证明:兔1ml/ 只,猪和羊0.1ml/ kg体重,肌注皮复康缓释剂,3d开始痒觉减轻,5d有25/ 31病例螨虫检查阴性,10和15d分别有26/ 31和29/ 31病例真菌检查阴性,10～30d痊愈,有效期达5个月以上;兔30g/ kg体重,猪和羊20g/ kg体重,口服皮复康粉剂,5～7d见效,5d有20/ 31螨虫检查阴性,10和15d分别有8/ 31和13/ 31病例真菌检查阴性,25～40d痊愈,有效期2个月.在浙江等5省市试用证明,皮复康缓释剂与皮复康粉剂对动物皮癣菌病与螨虫病疗效良好.     

人兽共患猪囊虫病化疗研究概况

猪囊虫病是我国重点防治的人兽共患绦虫蚴病。此病不仅给生猪生产带来严重危害,造成巨大损失,而且危害人体健康及至生命。国家十分重视对该病的研究,近几年取得了十分可喜的成就,现对该病的化学治疗研究做一简要概述。国内对人、猪囊虫病的化学治疗研究始于80年代初期,研究的单位及人也颇多。关于猪囊虫病,安征食品公司、上海家畜寄生虫病研究所、河南农科院等单位用吡喹酮以60—100mg/kg 肌     

沙拉沙星对实验性猪链球菌病及猪水肿病的药效学

将兽医专用氟喹诺酮类药物沙拉沙星以不同治疗方案分别对实验性猪链球菌病和猪水肿病进行药效学研究。在每天总剂量相同的情况下 ,每天 1次与每天 2次给药取得了较好而相似的疗效 (P>0 .0 5 ) :对猪链球菌病 ,每天总剂量为 10 m g/ kg时 ,肌注给药的治愈率分别为 10 0 %和 90 %,但在迅速改善临床症状方面 ,每天 1次给药优于每天 2次(P<0 .0 5 ) ;对猪水肿病 ,每天总剂量为 5 mg/ kg时 ,肌注给药的治愈率均为 10 0 %。结果表明 ,在总剂量相同时 ,以大剂量、长间隔与以较小剂量、短间隔治疗实验性猪链球菌病与猪水肿病 ,均取得相当的疗效。     

新疆巴州地区猪弓形虫病的血清学检测

为了解新疆巴州部分地区猪感染弓形虫病的现状,本试验以弓形虫Tg SAG2蛋白作为包被抗原对巴州地区433份猪血清样品进行了ELISA检测。结果显示,平均阳性率为12.70%(55/433)。其中,散养猪场阳性率为16.83%(35/208),规模化养殖场为9.94%(16/161),散养猪场阳性检出率显著高于规模化养殖场(P0.05);在各县市采集的血清样品中,尉犁县阳性率最高,为26.53%(13/49),和静县和焉耆县阳性率最低,分别为6.52%(3/46)和6.82%(3/44)。本次试验大范围地调查了巴州地区猪弓形虫病的流行现状,为该地区弓形虫病的防控奠定了理论依据。     

日粮铜水平对育肥猪组织器官铜沉积及铜代谢的影响研究

研究日粮铜对育肥猪组织铜沉积和粪铜代谢率的影响,本试验选择来源相同且体重相近(30±1.05)kg健康状况较好的杜长大三元杂交生长猪共24头,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复2头猪。4个处理组分别饲喂4种不同硫酸铜水平的试验日粮,将最低剂量组的铜添加量设定为10 mg/kg(对照组),试验组分别添加铜含量为45 mg/kg(1组),135 mg/kg(2组),225 mg/kg(3组);添加后测定饲料中铜的实际含量分别为19.09 mg/kg(对照组),53.60 mg/kg(1组),154.00 mg/kg(2组),250 mg/kg(3组)。结果表明:在试验期间,胃、脾、胰脏和淋巴结组.织中铜含量在各个铜饲喂剂量下都处于较低水平,各组饲喂剂量之间差异不显著(P0.05);各处理组间心、肝、肺脏铜含量差异显著(P0.05);胫骨,肋骨、股骨骨质和股骨骨髓的积铜含量差异显著(P0.05);10 mg/kg(对照组)和45 mg/kg(1组)铜的消化率明显高于135 mg/kg(2组)和225 mg/kg(3组)(P0.05),但2,3组间铜的消化率差异极显著(P0.01)。结果表明,日粮中添加45 mg/kg的硫酸铜猪体内组织铜沉积率小,粪铜消化率高。     

γ氨基丁酸对高温环境下生长肥育猪生产性能及激素水平的影响

将96头45 kg左右的杜长大三元杂交商品猪分成4组,日粮中分别添加0(对照)、10、30及50 mg/kg的γ氨基丁酸(GABA),在45 d的试验期内,研究高温环境下日粮添加GABA对生长肥育猪生产性能及抗应激效果的影响.结果表明:日粮添加10、30及50 mg/kg GABA显著提高猪采食量、日增重(P<0.05).血清HPA、HPT激素检测结果表明,GABA降低猪血清ACTH含量(P<0.01),且30、50 mg/kg处理组显著低于10 mg/kg组.与对照组相比,日粮添加30 mg/kg GABA显著降低猪血清COR浓度(P<0.01),而10、50 mg/kg效果不显著(P>0.05).10、30及50 mg/kg GABA均显著降猪低血清CORS含量(P<0.01).日粮添加30或50 mg/kg GABA显著提高猪血清T3、T4含量(P<0.01).实验结果显示,日粮添加GABA可以缓解高温环境生长肥育猪的热应激,提高生产性能.     

头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠冻干粉对人工诱发猪大肠杆菌病的疗效

作者研究了头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠对人工诱发猪大肠杆菌病的疗效.对人工诱导发病的35日龄仔猪分别肌注头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠冻干粉(每种药设3和5 mg/kg2个剂量组),分别在第0、12、48、72 h给药,3 d共给药4次.同时设氨苄西林混悬注射液、Tinknium注射液以及健康和感染对照组.用药14 d后结果表明,头孢噻呋组有效率、治愈率及增重相对比显著高于氨苄西林和Tinknium组,头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠各剂量组之间死亡率、有效率、治愈率和增重相对比差异不显著.头孢噻呋混悬液和头孢噻呋钠冻干粉以3 mg/kg 3 d给药4次的治疗方案是可行的.     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。