大豆异黄酮甙元对结肠癌HT-29细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

大豆异黄酮通过促进肿瘤细胞凋亡可抑制多种肿瘤细胞的增殖.从大豆提取大豆异黄酮糖甙,再将其部分水解成其甙元,研究大豆异黄酮甙元抑制结肠癌细胞的增殖和促进其凋亡的作用.采用MTT比色法观察大豆异黄酮甙元对结肠癌HT-29细胞增殖的影响,采用TUNEL染色法检测其对HT-29细胞凋亡的影响,采用免疫细胞化学法检测凋亡相关蛋白bax、bcl-2和p53的表达.结果表明:大豆异黄酮甙元可在20～80 mg·L-1范围内时间和浓度依赖性地抑制结肠癌HT-29细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡.用40 mg·L-1大豆异黄酮甙元作用结肠癌HT-29细胞72 h时,细胞生长抑制率为(57.1±4.9)%,其对肿瘤细胞凋亡率为(20.9±2.1)%.免疫组化结果还显示,大豆异黄酮甙元可显著性增加HT-29细胞凋亡相关基因bax蛋白表达和降低bcl-2表达.提示,大豆异黄酮甙元可通过诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡发挥抗结肠癌作用.     

醇法提取大豆浓缩蛋白的工艺优化

用含水乙醇浸提法制备大豆浓缩蛋白,研究制备工艺中的固液比、乙醇浓度、浸提时间和浸提温度对蛋白质含量的影响。根据正交试验,得出最适浸提条件:固液比1:7,乙醇浓度70%,浸提时间为80 min,浸提温度为55℃,在此条件下制得蛋白质含量为73.14%的大豆浓缩蛋白。此方法制备的大豆浓缩蛋白蛋白质含量较高,将为后续实验提供优质原料。     

大豆抗SMV生化机制的初步研究

以对ＳＭＶ－ａ株系抗性不同的３个大豆品种为材料,分析了感染ＳＭＶ后苯丙氨酸解氨酶,过氧化物酶,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性的动态变化。结果表明,抗病品种科丰１号接种ＳＭＶ的早期,ＰＡＬ和ＰＯＤ活性显著升高,ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性明显下降,相反感病品种１１３８－２和徐豆１号的ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性明显上升,ＰＯＤ活性的增加幅度则小于抗病品种,而１１３８－２的ＰＡＬ活性则低于相应对照。     

大豆抗大豆花叶病毒研究进展

由大豆花叶病毒(soybean mosaic virus,SMV)引起的大豆花叶病毒病是一种世界性大豆病害,严重地影响了大豆的产量和品质.本文介绍了国内外大豆抗SMV的最新研究进展,主要包括:抗源筛选、抗性遗传、抗性基因的精细定位和分子标记辅助选择以及大豆对SMV候选抗性基因的研究等,并对该领域的研究进行了初步展望,以期为大豆抗SMV分子育种和抗性候选基因的功能研究提供参考.     

黑龙江省大豆品种醇溶蛋白的遗传多样性分析

采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术(SDS-PAGE)对来自黑龙江省的25份大豆品种进行醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析.结果供试材料共分离出19条谱带,多态性条带12条,多态性比率达63.16%,其中α区3条带,β区5条带,γ区5条带,ε区6条带.材料间的Nei-Li遗传相似性系数(GS)范围为0.4737～0.9474,平均值为0.7105;遗传距离(GD)范围为0.0541～0.7472,平均值为0.3654,表明供试材料之间具有较为丰富的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性.聚类分析结果表明,在GS值为0.79处可聚为4类,主成分分析进一步验证了此结果.由此可见,醇溶蛋白标记技术能很好地用来区分不同的大豆品种,为大豆品种鉴定和种质资源利用奠定基础.     

NaCl诱导大豆根尖细胞凋亡的细胞学效应

以大豆种子为试材,NaC l溶液为诱导剂,分别对生长中的大豆根尖进行诱导,研究NaC l溶液处理浓度和处理时间对根尖细胞凋亡的影响,并对凋亡细胞进行形态学显微观察和基因组DNA分子凝胶电泳分析。结果表明:利用NaC l溶液处理根尖细胞,能够引起细胞凋亡,细胞凋亡频率与处理溶液浓度和处理时间有关;在细胞发生凋亡时,凋亡中的细胞形态和结构在不同时期表现各异。证明利用NaC l溶液作为诱导剂处理生长中的大豆根尖细胞,能够引起细胞凋亡;凋亡细胞的形态和结构发生变化,DNA发生降解。     

醇法大豆浓缩蛋白及其在肉制品中的应用

介绍了醇法大豆浓缩蛋白的产品特点,并简述了国内外醇法大豆浓缩蛋白改性工艺的发展状况以及其在肉制品应用中的功能特性、营养特性及添加方法,为醇法大豆浓缩蛋白的广泛应用提供了参考。     

祛痘皂的抑菌活性及安全性研究

目的研究含中药成分祛痘皂的抑菌活性和生物安全性。方法采用纸片扩散法、试管法和动物实验法,对该祛痘皂的抑菌效果进行了实验室观察。结果祛痘皂含中药提取物含量为25%,最小抑菌浓度为15%。用该祛痘皂涂擦实验动物的皮肤及眼部周围未观察到不良反应。结论祛痘皂具有一定的抑菌作用,对完整皮肤和眼部周围无明显刺激性。     

大豆子叶细胞超微结构的比较研究

本文选用大豆属Skja亚属的栽培大豆(Glycine max)和野生大豆(G.Soja)以及中间型(G. gracilis)为材料,应用电子显微镜技术观察了子叶细胞伸展发育时期的超微结构特征,发现了蛋白体形成方式的差异。栽培大豆(品种Harosoy)子叶细胞蛋白体以中心单点式聚集贮藏蛋白质,而且其合成蛋白质的运输以内质网囊泡为主。野生大豆(Jw93—1,Jw98—2)子叶细胞蛋白体以边缘多点式聚集贮藏蛋白质,其合成蛋白质以直接或间接的途径运输至蛋白体内。     

大豆胚轴体外诱导结肠癌细胞分化的研究

用免疫细胞化学法检测增殖细胞核抗原Ki-67和PCNA蛋白表达,分光光度法测定碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,ELISA法测定癌胚抗原(CEA)水平,研究了富含大豆异黄酮和皂甙的大豆胚轴提取物(SHE)对结肠癌细胞增殖和分化的影响。结果表明:富含大豆异黄酮和皂甙的大豆胚轴提取物可时间和浓度依赖性地降低结肠癌细胞Ki-67和PCNA表达,增加细胞ALP活性。CEA水平和LDH活性呈增高趋势,但差异不具有统计学意义。表明富含大豆异黄酮和皂甙的大豆胚轴可抑制结肠癌细胞增殖和诱导细胞分化,从而发挥抗结肠癌作用。     

Chemopreventive Effects of Sarcophine-diol on Ultraviolet B-induced Skin Tumor Development in SKH-1 Hairless Mice

Sarcophine-diol (SD), one of the structural modifications of sarcophine, has shown chemopreventive effects on 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-initiated and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-promoted skin tumor development in female CD-1 mice. The objective of this study was to determine the chemopreventive effects of SD on UVB-induced skin tumor development in hairless SKH-1 mice, a model more relevant to human skin cancer, and to determine the possible mechanisms of action. Carcinogenesis was initiated and promoted by UVB radiation. Female hairless SKH-1 mice were divided into two groups having 27 mice in each group: control and SD treatment. The control group was topically treated with 100 μL acetone and SD treatment group was topically treated with SD (30 μg/100 μL in acetone) 1 hour before each UVB radiation for 32 weeks. Tumor counts were recorded on a weekly basis for 30 weeks. Effects of SD on the expression of caspases were investigated to elucidate the possible mechanism of action. The proteins from epidermal homogenates of experimental mice were used for SDS-PAGE and Western blotting using specific antibodies against caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 respectively. TUNEL assay was used for determining DNA fragmented apoptotic cells in situ. Results showed that at the end of experiment, tumor multiplicity in control and SD treatment groups was 25.8 and 16.5 tumors per mouse respectively. Furthermore, Topical treatment of SD induced DNA fragmented apoptotic cells by upgrading the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-8. This study clearly suggested that SD could be an effective chemopreventive agent for UVB-induced skin cancer by inducing caspase dependent apoptosis.     

In Vitro Prebiotic and Anti-Colon Cancer Activities of Agar-Derived Sugars from Red Seaweeds

Numerous health benefits of diets containing red seaweeds or agar-derived sugar mixtures produced by enzymatic or acid hydrolysis of agar have been reported. However, among various agar-derived sugars, the key components that confer health-beneficial effects, such as prebiotic and anti-colon cancer activities, remain unclear. Here, we prepared various agar-derived sugars by multiple enzymatic reactions using an endo-type and an exo-type of β-agarase and a neoagarobiose hydrolase and tested their in vitro prebiotic and anti-colon cancer activities. Among various agar-derived sugars, agarotriose exhibited prebiotic activity that was verified based on the fermentability of agarotriose by probiotic bifidobacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrated the anti-colon cancer activity of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose, which significantly inhibited the proliferation of human colon cancer cells and induced their apoptosis. Our results provide crucial information regarding the key compounds derived from red seaweeds that confer beneficial health effects, including prebiotic and anti-colon cancer activities, to the host.     

A Possible Mechanism of Action of the Chemopreventive Effects of Sarcotriol on Skin Tumor Development in CD-1 Mice

Sarcophine derivatives have been suggested to be chemopreventive in nature. One of its derivatives, Sarcotriol (ST), was investigated to study the skin cancer chemopreventive effects in female CD-1 mice. Three groups (control, promotion, initiation) of 30 female CD-1 mice each were taken. Carcinogenesis was initiated with 7, 12- dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate (TPA). One hour before treating with DMBA (200 nmol/100 μl acetone), control and promotion groups were treated with acetone (100 μl) and initiation group with ST (30μg/100μl of acetone). Beginning one week after initiation with DMBA, control and initiation groups were treated with acetone and promotion group with ST (30μg/100μl of acetone), one hour before treating with TPA (5 nmol/100 μl acetone). This was carried out twice a week for the next 20 weeks. The effects of ST on ³H-thymidine incorporation in epidermal DNA, the possible role of apoptotic proteins and COX-2 involved in the prevention of skin tumor development of CD-1 mice were investigated. Tumor incidence and multiplicity was found to be 100%, 73%, 100% and 8.2, 4.8, 9.7 in control, promotion and initiation groups respectively. ST treatment resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition in the incorporation of ³H-thymidine in epidermal DNA. The promotion group showed higher levels of caspase-3, -8 and –9 compared to the control. COX-2 expression was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the promotion group as compared to the control. No significant difference in caspase-3, -8, -9 and COX-2 levels were observed in the initiation group compared to control. Together, this study confirms the chemopreventive effects of ST, and for the first time identifies the stage of carcinogenesis at which ST exerts its chemopreventive effect, and elucidates the mechanism possibly by inducing apoptosis and decreasing the COX-2 levels, contributing to its overall cancer chemopreventive effects in the mouse skin cancer model.     

富农心矿物元素增效剂在大豆上的应用效果初报

通过富农心矿物元素增效剂在大豆上的应用效果研究表明,施用富农心矿物元素增效剂有促进大豆健壮生长的趋势,但无增产效果。     

Marine Drugs Regulating Apoptosis Induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)

Marine biomass diversity is a tremendous source of potential anticancer compounds. Several natural marine products have been described to restore tumor cell sensitivity to TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cell death. TRAIL is involved during tumor immune surveillance. Its selectivity for cancer cells has attracted much attention in oncology. This review aims at discussing the main mechanisms by which TRAIL signaling is regulated and presenting how marine bioactive compounds have been found, so far, to overcome TRAIL resistance in tumor cells.     

Effect of dietary fiber on the activity of intestinal and fecal beta-glucuronidase activity during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis

The effects of fiber isolated from black gram (Phaseolus mungo) and Coconut (Cocos nucifera) kernel on the metabolic activity of intestinal and fecal beta glucuronidase activity during 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis were studied. The results indicated that the inclusion of fiber from black gram and coconut kernel generally supported lower specific activities and less fecal output of beta-glucuronidase than did the fiber free diet. This study suggests that the fibers isolated from coconut or black gram may potentially play a role in preventing the formation of colon tumors induced by the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine by reducing the activity of the intestinal as well as fecal beta-glucuronidase.     

利用抗感品种混种防治大豆胞囊线虫效果的研究

在温室条件下以抗大豆胞囊线虫品种抗线4号和非抗大豆胞囊线虫品种黑农35为试材,探讨了品种混种对感病大豆生长发育的作用和抗线4号根系浸出物对黑农35生长发育的影响。结果表明,接种SCN后,大豆植株生长受抑制,其中抗线4株高减少幅度最高达到21.4%,主根长减少最高达到24.9%,侧根数减少幅度为7.8%～55.1%;黑农35清种时受大豆胞囊线虫危害,株高减少15.5%～30.8%,主根长减少17.2%～32.3%,侧根数减少最高达到71.9%。抗线和非抗线品种混种有利于大豆抵御大豆胞囊线虫的危害,促进植株的生长发育,与黑农35清种相比,品种混种作物群体的株高、植株鲜重、根鲜重和根长增加幅度分别高达16.9%、11.4%、17.9%和22.2%,与抗线4清种相比,品种混种主根长度增加最显著,达到9.3%。抗线4根系浸出物浇灌黑农35不接种SCN处理各测定指标的增幅达0.1%～8.4%,浇灌接种SCN的黑农35,各处理测定指标的增幅达9.7%～39.4%,说明抗性与非抗性品种混种后根系间相互作用可以促进非抗性品种生长发育,抵御大豆胞囊线虫的危害。