莱姆病诊断技术研究进展

莱姆病是一种经硬蜱传播的新发人畜共患病,可引起人类的慢性游走性红斑及心脏、神经、关节等多系统受损的疾病,造成病人不同程度的活动障碍和肢体瘫痪。该病在世界范围内广泛分布,我国许多地区是该病的自然疫源地。因此,莱姆病越来越引起人们的重视。伯氏疏螺旋体是引起莱姆病的病原体,因其培养周期长、抗原结构复杂给莱姆病的诊断带来了一定的困难。本文对莱姆病病原体的直接检测、免疫学检测、分子生物学检测和一些新的诊断技术进行了概述。     

莱姆病的现状及防治

莱姆病(lymedisease)亦称莱姆疏螺旋体病(lymeborreliosis),是20世纪70年代发现的以蜱作为传播媒介,由伯氏疏螺旋体(borreliaburgdorferi)感染所致的人畜共患传染病,其特征有慢性游走性红斑(ECA),同时伴随发热多汗、头疼、颈强直、肌疼、关节疼等症状。通过对该病的现状的分析,提出防治措施,开展有关疫苗的研究。     

吉林省四平市周边地区莱姆病流行情况调查及优势菌株外膜蛋白C的表达

为了解吉林省四平市周边地区伯氏疏螺旋体流行情况,本试验于2017年5-7月分别采集四平市周边地区蜱虫样品共25份。通过筛选扩增伯氏疏螺旋体外膜蛋白C(OspC)基因片段的通用引物、优化反应条件后建立用于检测蜱体内伯氏疏螺旋体的PCR方法。从25份样品中分离到8份阳性样品(阳性率约为32%),经过测序比对发现其基因型均为Borrelia burgdorferi;并以分离到的Borrelia burgdorferi DNA为模板,PCR扩增OspC基因,构建重组质粒pET-30a-OspC,以IPTG诱导蛋白表达,为建立伯氏疏螺旋体ELISA检测方法奠定了基础。     

祁连山北麓铧尖地区莱姆病自然疫源地调查研究

在调查，访问和体检的３５０人中，发现莱姆病典型患者１３例；检查人血清２７９人份，检出抗体性率１１．１１％；检查牦牛血清９９头份，检出抗体阳性率７０．７１％；调查动物及鸟类８０余种，其中以旱獭，野兔和鼠类占居优势；调查吸血昆虫五类，其中以蜱和虻类占居优势；景观为山地，其中以干旱草原，草甸草原，灌丛草原和森林草原四类生境为主；从四类生境采集不同类型样本１０８组作了接种培养，仅从森林革蜱体内分离出伯氏螺     

蜱传性疾病--莱姆病螺旋体研究进展

莱姆病是一种蜱传性人兽共患病,在我国北方各省广泛流行,其病原体为伯氏疏螺旋体。莱姆病可使皮肤、心脏、关节和神经系统等多种组织器官受损。本文综述了莱姆病螺旋体的形态、种下分类、生化特征、传播媒介和贮存宿主等方面的研究进展"     

莱姆病

莱姆病(Lyme disease，LD)是20世纪70年代发现的一种以蜱作传播媒介，由伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorfere，Bb)感染所致的人畜共患传染病。     

荧光定量PCR检测硬蜱体内莱姆病螺旋体的研究

为建立一个荧光定量PCR检测硬蜱体内莱姆病螺旋体的方法,根据GenBank登录的莱姆病螺旋体鞭毛蛋白FlaB序列,应用生物学软件进行序列比对,在保守的C段区设计与筛选特异引物和TaqMan探针。对荧光定量PCR反应体系与条件进行优化,验证方法的特异性、敏感性,并通过对感染螺旋体的蜱样本的检测,评价该方法的实用价值。结果显示,自然感染莱姆病螺旋体的35份蜱标本检测阳性符合率100%,正常蜱20份标本的检测结果均为阴性。该方法对牛巴贝斯原虫、泰勒原虫、边缘无浆体、金龟子绿僵菌、大肠杆菌等蜱体常见病原微生物所抽提的DNA的检测均呈阴性。荧光定量PCR方法检测质粒的灵敏度可达1×102拷贝/μL。TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法检测硬蜱体内莱姆病螺旋体具有较好的敏感性和特异性,可适于莱姆病的流行病学调查和监控。     

莱姆病螺旋体感染对蜱的4个功能基因的转录影响

为探索蜱及蜱传病的防控新策略,了解病原与媒介硬蜱相互作用的分子机制,本研究以莱姆病病原伯氏疏螺旋体感染后对长角血蜱4个功能基因的转录影响进行了研究。将不同浓度梯度的伯氏疏螺旋体显微注射到长角血蜱体内,分不同的时间段提取蜱的总RNA,反转录成cDNA后,用实时荧光定量PCR检测蜱基因的表达水平。结果显示:伯氏疏螺旋体感染对蜱半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂1(HLcyst-1)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂3(HLcyst-3)、卵泡抑素(FRP)、凝血酶抑制剂(Hemalin)4个功能基因的转录均产生了显著影响,但存在时间和剂量相关性,感染后第4天显著诱导了长角血蜱HLcyst-1基因的表达,抑制了Hemalin基因表达。     

锡林郭勒盟草原畜牧业生产现状的调查报告

锡林郭勒盟草原畜牧业现状是以天然草地牧草为基础,通过对家畜的放牧获得畜产品的一种传统畜牧业生产.是锡林郭勒盟的传统产业和优势产业,也是当地最具有地区特色的产业,更是经济社会发展的基础产业,同时牧民主要经济收入来源.我们对锡林郭勒盟草原畜牧业生产进行调查工作,其目的,一是为实现放牧管理措施提供一定的理论依据,二是为当前的放牧管理后的草原生态现状提供一定的科学数据支持,三是为科学利用草原和草原畜牧业经济发展提供一定的理论举出.     

动物莱姆病的研究进展

莱姆病是由伯氏疏螺旋体引起的一种蜱传性人兽共患传染病。1977年美国医生A.C Sleere发现康涅狄格州莱姆镇流行的青少年关节炎是一种独立的疾病,并称为莱姆关节炎。     

内蒙古锡林郭勒地区牛羊莱姆病的流行病学调查

本项研究于2000年5月至2001年5月从内蒙古锡林郭勒盟地区，不同草原景观带牛、羊体表和草地采集草原血蜱1800只。用直接荧光接体法和暗视野显微镜检查蜱带菌情况，带菌率分别为7．5％（6／80）和2％（2／100）。用间接荧光法进行血清流行病学调查，结果证实，调查点的牛和野鼠均存在莱姆病螺旋体感染，其感染率分别为10％和20％，都高于当地人群平均感染率（7．09％）。上述研究证实内蒙古锡林郭勒地区人畜及野生动物均有莱姆病螺旋体感染。     

Equine Lyme Disease

Borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses is common in some areas of North America, but the incidence of clinical disease has not been determined, which makes Lyme disease controversial in the horse. Progress is being made case by case in defining the several clinical presentations of Lyme disease in adult horses. Current serologic tests are very sensitive and specific for detecting either infection (previous or concurrent) or exposure but may not distinguish between them. Treatment protocols are available for Lyme disease in horses; however, the ability of those protocols to eliminate the organism remains questionable. Currently, minocycline is being attempted in some presumed Lyme cases as an improved alternative to doxycycline and oxytetracycline. Vaccination, like many aspects of Lyme disease, remains controversial, although the canine-approved vaccines have the potential to prevent infection based upon vaccine studies in ponies and other animals.     

Suppurative, nonseptic polyarthropathy in dogs

The goals of this study were to determine the historical, physical examination, and clinicopathologic findings in dogs with suppurative, nonseptic polyarthropathy and to identify concurrent disorders associated with this syndrome. Medical records of 52 dogs with cytologic evidence of suppurative inflammation in two or more joints were examined retrospectively. Age of dogs was 4.8 years (median, range: 0.5-12 years). There was no clear breed or sex predilection, but most were large-breed dogs (body weight > or = 20 kg [44.4 lbs] in 40/52). Body temperature was 103.0 degrees F (39.4 degrees C) (median, range: 100.0-105.9 degrees F), with 29 of 52 dogs having a body temperature > or = 103 degrees F (39.4 degrees C). Lameness was identified in 42 of 52 dogs. Erosive changes were found in only 1 of 37 dogs that had radiography performed. A clear underlying disease process was not identified in 34 of 52 dogs. Seven dogs had evidence of infectious or inflammatory processes at extra-articular sites; 4 dogs were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); 2 dogs had gastrointestinal disease; 2 dogs had been vaccinated within 1 month before onset of polyarthritis; 1 dog had cancer; 1 dog had polyarthritis and meningitis; and 1 dog had erosive polyarthritis. Of the 44 dogs tested, 25 had antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi, detected by an ELISA assay, which was significantly greater than the general hospital population (P = .007). Antibodies against Rickettsia rickettsiae and Ehrlichia canis were not definitively identified in the sera of any dog tested in this study (45 and 44 dogs, respectively). We conclude that an underlying disease process is not identified in most cases of suppurative polyarthropathy in dogs and that intestinal disease, neoplasia, and SLE are uncommon causes of polyarthritis. While seropositivity against the causative agent of Lyme disease was common and possibly a cause of polyarthritis in some dogs of our study, evidence of other vector-borne infection was not identified.     

Diagnosis of Borrelia‐associated uveitis in two horses

Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease is a tick born spirochetal infection. Clinical signs of Lyme borreliosis are uncommon in horses, but when present they are often vague and nonspecific. In horses, Lyme borreliosis has been implicated in musculoskeletal, neurological, reproductive, and ocular disorders, including uveitis, but definitive diagnosis can be challenging as the causative agent is rarely isolated and serologic tests can be unreliable and do not confirm active disease. Here, we report two cases of equine uveitis associated with B. burgdorferi based on the identification of spirochetes within ocular fluids and confirmed with PCR testing. The two cases illustrate some of the challenges encountered in the recognition and diagnosis of equine Lyme borreliosis. Although only one of many possible causes of equine uveitis, Lyme disease should be considered a differential diagnosis, especially in endemic areas. Given the possibility for false negative results of serum tests during uveitis associated with B. burgdorferi and the failure of such tests to confirm active infection, a combination of cytologic assessment, antibody, and/or PCR testing of ocular fluids may be worthwhile if the clinical suspicion for Lyme uveitis is high.     

ACVIM small animal consensus statement on Lyme disease in dogs: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

The purpose of this report is to offer a consensus opinion of ACVIM diplomates on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi infections in dogs (canine Lyme disease). Clinical syndromes known to commonly be associated with canine Lyme disease include polyarthritis and glomerulopathy. Serological test results can be used to document exposure to B. burgdorferi but not prove illness. Although serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay/indirect fluorescent antibody assay titers can stay positive for months to years after treatment, quantitative C6 peptide antibody paired tests need more study. Serological screening of healthy dogs is controversial because it can lead to overdiagnosis or overtreatment of normal dogs, most of which never develop Lyme disease. However, serological screening can provide seroprevalence and sentinel data and stimulate owner education about tick infections and control. Although it is unknown whether treatment of seropositive healthy dogs is beneficial, the consensus is that seropositive dogs should be evaluated for proteinuria and other coinfections and tick control prescribed. Tick control can include a product that repels or protects against tick attachment, thereby helping to prevent transmission of coinfections as well as Borrelia spp. Seropositive dogs with clinical abnormalities thought to arise from Lyme disease generally are treated with doxycycline (10 mg/kg q24h for 1 month). Proteinuric dogs might need longer treatment as well as medications and diets for protein-losing nephropathy. The ACVIM diplomates believe the use of Lyme vaccines still is controversial and most do not administer them. It is the consensus opinion that additional research is needed to study predictors of illness, "Lyme nephropathy," and coinfections in Lyme endemic areas.