不同水平的DDGS对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋黄颜色的影响

DDGS是玉米酒精厂加工的副产物。试验研究在玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加0%、5%、1 0%、1 5%的DDGS对蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋蛋黄颜色的影响。试验1,48～56周蛋鸡饲喂金黄色的DDGS,每2周记录产蛋率、蛋重、采食量、蛋量、蛋比重和蛋黄颜色;试验2,58～67周蛋鸡饲喂棕褐色的DDGS,每3周测定产蛋性能参数和蛋黄颜色,在大多数周龄里,产蛋性能参数变化不大。随着DDGS添加量的增加,产蛋率(52～53周)、蛋重(63周)、蛋量(51～53周)、蛋比重(51周)呈线性的降低,鸡蛋颜色显著增加(P<0.01)。试验2,随着DDGS添加水平的增加,鸡蛋红色指标(a值)显著增加(P<0.01)。试验结果显示,蛋鸡日粮中添加1 0%或更高水平金黄色的DDGS饲喂1个月或者添加5%DDGS饲喂2个月,鸡蛋蛋黄颜色通常会发生改变。总之,蛋鸡日粮中最多能够添加1 5%的DDGS而不影响蛋鸡的产蛋率。同时,试验1的变化结果表明,当蛋鸡日粮中使用DDGS时,其添加水平不应过高。     

添加不同色素对蛋黄颜色等级的影响

为了提高蛋黄颜色等级,生产“红心蛋”,满足人们的消费需求,我们于2002年9月16日至10月13日,在定安种鸡场进行了添加不同色素,提高蛋黄颜色等级的试验。现报告如下。     

叶黄素对蛋鸡蛋黄颜色、生产性能及蛋品质的影响

为了分析天然叶黄素万寿菊提取物对蛋黄颜色、生产性能及蛋品质的影响,试验选用380日龄体重相似、产蛋率相近且健康的海兰灰蛋鸡432只,随机分成4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复18只。通过蛋鸡日粮中添加粉末型天然叶黄素(金菊黄2.0)、微囊型天然叶黄素(金菊黄5.0)、合成叶黄素(阿卜酯)进行试验。结果表明:微囊型天然叶黄素对蛋黄的L*、a*、b*值的影响与对照组和粉末型天然叶黄素差异显著(P0.05);微囊型天然叶黄素对蛋黄的L*、b*值的影响与合成叶黄素(阿卜酯)差异不显著(P0.05);日粮添加外源色素对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质没有显著影响(P0.05)。在日粮中添加微囊型叶黄素能够调节蛋鸡蛋黄颜色。综合各项指标,微囊型天然叶黄素可以替代合成叶黄素(阿卜酯)作为蛋黄着色剂。     

不同来源色素对蛋黄颜色及叶黄素沉积的影响

为研究不同蛋鸡日粮类型中添加不同来源色素对蛋黄着色及叶黄素沉积的影响,试验1在玉米-豆粕日粮中添加天然或合成虾青素,测定蛋黄色度值(RYCF)和蛋黄中叶黄素含量;试验2在玉米-豆粕和小麦-豆粕日粮中添加混合天然色素(橙黄素∶辣椒红素=1∶1),测定RYCF及叶黄素含量。结果显示:天然虾青素对蛋黄着色无显著影响(P>0.05);合成虾青素可以显著提高RYCF(P<0.05)。不同来源虾青素对叶黄素的沉积无显著影响(P>0.05)。小麦日粮中添加混合天然色素可以显著提高蛋黄叶黄素含量和RYCF(P<0.05),且RYCF与蛋黄叶黄素含量有极显著的相关关系(P<0.01)。对混合色素添加量与RYCF进行拟合,预测RYCF达到8时,需添加混合天然色素2 340 mg/kg。结果表明:合成色素不会增加蛋黄叶黄素含量。在小麦-豆粕基础中添加1.2 g/kg的天然色素可以改善蛋黄色泽,若使RYCF达到8则需添加混合色素2 662 mg/kg。     

苜蓿草粉对蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响

选用 33周龄健康海兰褐商品蛋鸡 80只 ,随机分成两个处理 ,每个处理 4个重复 ,每个重复 10只产蛋鸡。处理一喂以基础日粮 ,作为对照组 ;处理二中添加 5 %的苜蓿草粉 ,作为试验组。试验结果表明 ,饲粮中添加 5 %的苜蓿粉对蛋鸡的产蛋性能及蛋壳质量无显著影响 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但对提高蛋黄颜色却有极显著的作用 (P <0 .0 1)。     

万寿菊提取物对蛋黄颜色和抗氧化物的试验

<正>目前少有叶黄素种蛋蛋黄颜色及种蛋内抗氧化物质影响的系统研究报道,因此,试验通过种母鸡日粮中添加万寿菊提取物,来研究叶黄素等抗氧     

日粮添加枸杞渣对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响

为研究日粮中添加枸杞渣对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响,以240只23周龄蛋鸡为试验对象,将蛋鸡随机分成4组,每组60只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加2.5%、5.0%、7.5%枸杞渣。结果显示:与对照组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组平均产蛋率分别提高了1.85%和3.99%,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组日采食量均极显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅲ组料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅳ组料蛋比极显著降低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ其他各组(P<0.01)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组蛋黄颜色极显著提高(P<0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组蛋重显著下降(P<0.05),试验组蛋壳强度、蛋白高度、哈氏单位和蛋壳厚度与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,日粮中添加5.0%、7.5%枸杞渣可以提高蛋鸡的产蛋率,并能降低料蛋比;日粮中添加2.5%、5.0%枸杞渣即可显著降低蛋重,改善蛋黄颜色。     

日粮中添加复合益生菌对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

将180只罗曼粉壳蛋鸡随机分成4组,分别饲喂含0%（对照组）、0.05%（试验1组）、0.1%（试验2组）、0.15%（试验3组）复合益生菌的基础日粮,预+正式试验期为3+42d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验2、3组的产蛋率分别提高了2.67%、2.90%(P>0.05),料蛋比下降了8.42%、7.79%(P<0.05),破（软）蛋率下降了20.97%、46.77%(P<0.05),蛋壳强度增加了5.52%、5.32%(P<0.05),蛋黄颜色提高了6.49%、6.12%(P<0.05)。综合各项指标,蛋鸡复合益生菌添加量为3%。     

两种复合酶对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响

为研究两种复合酶对产蛋后期蛋鸡生长性能、蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响,试验采取单因素试验设计,选用540只60周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加两种复合酶,其中复合酶Ⅰ主要由糖化酶和蛋白酶组成,复合酶Ⅱ为复合酶Ⅰ+普鲁兰酶.试验周期为60 d.结...     

Effects of inulin on performance, egg quality, gut microflora and serum and yolk cholesterol in laying hens

1. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of inulin on laying hens. A total of 360 Brown Nick laying hens were divided randomly into 6 groups of 60 with 6 replicates of 10 hens and fed on diets containing 0 (control), 0·1, 0·5, 1·0, 1·5 or 2·0% inulin during the 4-week trial. 2. Dietary supplementation of inulin reduced cholesterol concentration (mg/g yolk) and content (mg/egg) in eggs. Cholesterol content in eggs decreased linearly with increasing levels of dietary inulin level. 3. Supplementation of inulin in diets decreased coliform bacteria counts and pH in the caecum. The lowest coliform bacteria counts (6·30 ± 0·03 log10 cfu/g) and pH (6·47 ± 0·01) were obtained in the 2·0% inulin group, the two indices decreasing by 21·6% and 3·0% respectively, compared with the control group. Coliform bacteria count and pH were changed linearly in accordance with increasing levels of dietary inulin level. Caecal Bifidobacteria counts were increased in the 2·0%-inulin group. 4. Inulin supplementation of layer diets did not appear to have any adverse effects on laying rate, egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, cracked-egg rate, eggshell thickness or Haugh unit compared with the control laying hens. 5. Therefore, dietary supplementation with inulin may lead to the development of low-cholesterol chicken eggs as demanded by health-conscious consumers.     

Effects of dietary red pepper on egg yolk colour and histological intestinal morphology in laying hens

To evaluate the effect of three kinds of red pepper supplementation ‘Kagawa Hontaka’ produced at Shiwaku Islands (KHS), Miki (KHM) and Takanotsume (TKT) on production performance, egg quality and intestinal histology in laying hens. A total of 32 laying hens (39 weeks of age) were randomly allotted to four groups, each comprising eight hens. Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with red pepper at 0% (control), 0.5% KHS, 0.5% KHM and 0.5% TKT, respectively. Compared with the control group, no significant difference (p > 0.05) in feed consumption, final body weight, hen‐day production, egg mass, feed efficiency, shell‐breaking strength, shell thickness, shell ratio, albumen ratio, yolk ratio and Haugh units was observed among the experimental groups. Roche yolk colour fan (RYCF) value increased significantly in all experimental groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the KHS and KHM groups showed higher RYCF values than the TKT group (p < 0.05). Spectrophotometric measurements of yolk colour, redness (a*) and yellow index (YI) values were higher in the KHS and KHM groups (p < 0.0001). The yellowness (b*) value was lower in the TKT group (p < 0.05). The lightness (L*) value was lower in the KHS and KHM groups (p < 0.05). Villus height, villus area, cell area and cell mitosis in all intestinal segments tended to be higher in all experimental groups. Jejunal cell area and cell mitosis were higher in experimental groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). The cells on the villus tip surface were protuberated in all experimental groups. In conclusion, the KHS, KHM and TKT groups showed hypertrophied intestinal villi and epithelial cell functions. These results indicate that dietary red pepper has stimulating effect on intestinal villi and the structure of epithelial cells, and the 0.5% KHS and KHM groups improved in egg yolk colour.     

优质蛋白玉米对产蛋鸡生产性能及鸡蛋品质的影响

国外培育的优质蛋白玉米通过大鼠（Mertz，1965；Sproule等，1988），猪（Knabe等，1992；Okai等，1994），肉鸡和蛋雏鸡（Liu等，1993；Osei等，1994）的试验已被证明营养价值优于普通玉米。而国内培育的优质蛋白玉米总能和代谢能与普通玉米相近；氨基酸组成发生了变化，尤其是赖氨酸、色氨酸等含量高于普通玉米所有氨基酸消化率不低于普通玉米。但是其在产蛋鸡上应用的研究还未见报道。为此，进行本次试验，研究优质蛋白玉米（中单9409）在产蛋鸡上应用的效果，为优质蛋白玉米的推广应用提供依据。     

鲜茶叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄脂肪酸水平及经济指标的影响

文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平的鲜茶叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及蛋黄脂肪酸水平的影响.试验将672只产蛋性能一致的28周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复42只.对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组蛋鸡分别饲喂基础日粮+20(T1)、40(T2)和60?mg/kg(T3)鲜茶叶粉,试验为期6周.结果:与对照组相比,...     

不同饲养方式对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质及经济效益的影响

文章旨在评估不同饲养方式对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响.试验选择产蛋性能接近的22周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡540只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复36只.笼养组蛋鸡采用三层阶梯饲养(0.6?m2/只),网上平养组蛋鸡在金属网丝上饲养(1.5?m2/只),垫料平养组在平铺20?cm稻壳的水泥地板上平养(1.8?...     

不同微生态制剂对蛋鸡生产性能、血清生化指标及蛋品质的影响

选用600只280日龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复40只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别在基础饲粮基础上添加0.15%的V1和V2型复合微生态制剂,研究不同微生态制剂对蛋鸡生产性能、血清生化指标和蛋品质的影响,试验期40d。结果显示,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组提高了蛋鸡产蛋率(P0.05)和平均蛋重(P0.05),降低了料蛋比(P0.05)和破蛋率(P0.05);试验Ⅰ组显著降低了血清总蛋白(P0.05)、白蛋白(P0.05)和血糖(P0.05)含量,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组均显著提高了血清无机磷(P0.05)和钙(P0.05)水平;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组均提高了哈氏单位(P0.05)和蛋黄颜色(P0.05)。结果表明,蛋鸡饲粮中添加V2型微生态制剂效果更佳。     

Effects of dietary supplementation of resveratrol on performance,egg quality,yolk cholesterol and antioxidant enzyme activity of laying hens

1. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of resveratrol on laying performance, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol and antioxidant enzyme activities of laying hens.

2. A total of 360 Beijing PINK-1 laying hens (60 weeks old) were randomly distributed among five dietary treatments, each of which included 6 replicates of 12 hens. Dietary treatments were basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg diet resveratrol. The study lasted for 9 weeks including 1 week of adaptation and 8 weeks of the main experimental period.

3. The results indicated that dietary resveratrol significantly improved feed conversion ratios during 5–8 weeks and 1–8 weeks of the trial. Increasing dietary concentrations of the resveratrol linearly improved Haugh unit and albumen height of eggs.

4. The content of total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) in serum and cholesterol in yolk was significantly decreased by dietary resveratrol, and there were significant linear correlations between these indexes and resveratrol supplemental levels.

5. Dietary resveratrol supplementation significantly improved serum Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activity and decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content in groups with 2.0 and 4.0 g/kg resveratrol as compared to the control, respectively. However, supplementation of resveratrol did not affect the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD).

6. It is concluded that resveratrol supplementation has a positive effect on performance, lipid-related traits and antioxidant activity of laying hens.     

果胶寡糖螯合锌对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和蛋中锌铁含量的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平果胶寡糖螯合锌(zinc pectic oligosaccharides che-late,Zn-POS)对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和蛋中锌铁含量的影响。选取600只健康的体重和产蛋率相近的22周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为5组,每组10个重复,每个重复12只鸡。Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ组在基础饲粮中添加268 mg/kg杆菌肽锌,均作为对照组;Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组分别在基础饲粮中添加200、400 mg/kg和600 mg/kg果胶寡糖螯合锌。预饲期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:(1)Ⅱ组和Ⅴ组的产蛋率和平均蛋重均显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),但平均日采食量和料蛋比差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅱ组与Ⅴ组相比,产蛋率、平均日采食量、平均蛋重和料蛋比没有显著差异(P>0.05)。各试验组之间平均日采食量和料蛋比差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)Ⅴ组的蛋黄颜色显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。(3)Ⅱ组蛋中锌含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),各试验组蛋中铁含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加果胶寡糖螯合锌可以改善海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能,提高产蛋率,增加平均蛋重和蛋黄颜色。试验中海兰褐蛋鸡饲粮Zn-POS的适宜添加量为600 mg/kg。     

不同硒水平对蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响

硒作为一种动物机体必需的微量元素,在饲料配合中已被广泛应用,经过大量研究表明,微量元素在增强家禽的免疫机能,提高繁殖性能和维持正常的生长发育等方面有一定的作用。家禽饲粮中补加硒后,仔禽生长速度、饲料转化率、产蛋率和孵化率均得到提高。巩元芳等(1998)报道,在蛋鸡低硒(0.015mg/kg)饲粮中补加0.1mg/kg硒使产蛋率提高到75%以上;倪可德等(1994)研究表明,给含0.015～0.030mg/kg硒的母鸡饲料中添加0.1mg/kg硒,可提高产蛋率,改善孵化率和增加雏禽的生活力,并能预防渗出性素质症。Oishi(1987)报道,蛋鸡饲粮中硒浓度由0.06mg/kg增加到0.2…