高产优质杂交籼稻华优86的特征特性和栽培技术

我们用华南农业大学农学系育成的优质、抗瘟不育系Ｙ华Ａ与高产恢复系明恢８６配组 ,育成华优８６ ,并于２０００年１２月至２００１年５月 ,先后通过广西、广东、全国农作物品种审定。一、产量表现及特征特性１ .丰产潜力大华优８６经多点试验、示范表明 ,其丰产性能突出 ,稳产性能高 ,一般产量５５０～６００ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,高的超７００ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,普遍比特优６３增产４．８ %～７．２ % ,比培杂双七增产１０ %左右。２ .生育期适当华优８６全生育期早季１３０天左右 ,晚季１１５～１２０天 ,早、晚季均与汕优６３、特优６３相近…     

广东省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１.粤野占２６系由佛山市农科所育成。为感温型常规稻品种 ,全生育期早造约１２８天 ,晚造１１４天。１９９８、１９９９年两年晚造参加省常规稻优质组区试 ,平均单产分别为４６２．１６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ 和４２５．９４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照粳籼８９增产７．７３ %和６．９７ %。稻米外观品质为晚造一级。２.溪野占１０系由佛山市农科所育成。为感温型常规稻品种 ,全生育期早造１３４天 ,晚造１１０天。稻米外观品质为早造一级 ,产量、米质、抗病性 (抗稻瘟病 )综合性状较好。１９９９年早造参加省常规稻优质组区试 ,平均单产４５７．…     

广西2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

广两壮族自治区农作物品种审定委员会于2001年12月,审定通过了119个水稻新品种(见附表)。现据米质分析情况结合产量和市场需求,介绍部分品种,供各地参考。1.丰优207 广西钟山县种子公司利用丰源A与恢复系207配组而成的的感温型中熟组合。桂中地区种植,全生育期早季122天左右,晚季105天左右,株高早季100 cm左有,晚季85 cm左右,每穗总粒130粒,结实率85％,于粒重27 g。外观品质较好。田间种植表观较抗稻瘟病。2000年早季参加自治区水稻新品     

2002年黑龙江省审定的水稻品种

１．龙稻２号由黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培所育成的粳稻品种。２０００～２００１年区域试验平均产量７１７４．２ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,较对照黑粳７号平均增产１１．９% ;２００１年生产试验平均产量７３５１．０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,较对照黑粳７号平均增产１０．８%。生育期１２２天 ,株高８０ｃｍ。耐冷性强 ,活秆成熟。２０００～２００１年人工接种苗瘟７级、叶瘟５～７级、穗颈瘟７～９级 ,自然感病苗瘟５～７级、叶瘟５～６级、穗颈瘟７级 ,抗性强于对照。米质达到部颁二级优质米标准。适宜在黑龙江省第四积温带插秧栽培。２．东农４２２由东北农…     

高产抗病杂交稻新组合特优721

特优721系汕头市农业科学研究所用龙特浦A与该所新育成的恢复系R721配组而成的中迟熟感温型华南杂交早稻新组合,表现高产、稳产、适应性广、抗瘟性较强、制种产量高.2002年3月通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定.     

优质两系杂交稻新组合龙两优750

龙两优750是由中国种子集团有限公司三亚分公司用湖南农业大学选育的不育系龙S与自选恢复系中种恢750测配而成的感温型优质两系杂交稻新组合。该组合米质达国标优质3级,丰产性好,抗性优于对照特优0009,2016年4月通过海南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。文章介绍了该组合的选育经过、特征特性、栽培技术及制种技术要点。     

2003年广东省审定通过的水稻品种

1.矮秀占广东省农业科学院水稻研究所选育的感温型常规稻品种。品种来源 :丰矮占1号//新麻占/七秀占。晚季全生育期113天左右 ,比粳籼89早熟3天。稻米外观品质为晚季一级至特二级。高抗稻瘟病 ,抗性频率中B群、中C群和全群均为100 % ,病圃穗颈瘟为1级 ,中抗白叶枯病 (3级 )。缺点是穗基部谷粒成熟较慢 ,纹枯病较重。2000、2001年晚季参加省区试 ,平均单产分别为435.2kg/667m2和436.2kg/667m2,比对照粳籼89分别增产6.86%和2.55%。适宜广东各地晚季种植和粤北以外地区早季种植。2.粤农占广东省农业科学院水稻研究所选育的感温型常规稻品种。…     

杂交中籼稻新组合特优63

特优63系福建省漳州市农科所用龙特浦A与明恢63配制育成的籼型三系杂交中稻新组合。1988年秋．盐城市农科所、扬州市种子公司及盐城市种子公司联合将该组合引入江苏．经1989～1993先后五年多点试验试种、繁殖制种，表现熟期适中、高产稳产、适应性强、病虫害轻、米质较优、繁制种产量高，是一个综合性状较为理想的杂交中籼稻新组合，1994年4月该品种通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定，并被列为重点推广组合。     

优质高产杂交粳稻新组合天隆优619

天隆优619是天津天隆科技股份有限公司利用BT型三系粳稻不育系L6A与粳稻恢复系R19配组选育的杂交粳稻新组合。该组合米质特优、抗性强、产量好、适应性广,2016年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,2017—2020年先后通过多省审定及多省引种试验。     

威优赣5号

威优赣５号（原名威优秀２号）系江西省宜春地区农业科学研究所１９８４年用Ｖ２０Ａ不育系为母本与该所选育的恢复系秀恢２号，即（华矮１７／ＩＲ２４）测配选育而成的中熟杂交早稻组合。１９９０年３月经江西省农作物品种审定委员会审定合格，定名为威优赣５号。１主要特征特性该组合总叶片数１４叶，全生育期１１５天。株高９０．７ｃｍ，每穗着粒１１５粒，结实率７８％，千粒重２８．２～２９．８２ｇ，米质优，食味好，高产稳产性好，抗逆性强，适宜我国长江以南各省作双季早稻搭配种植。２产量表现威优赣５号１９８６～１９８７两年…     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.