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1.
Analysis of near‐isogenic lines (NILs) indicated the presence of a novel resistance gene in the indica rice cultivar ‘Tetep’ which was highly resistant to the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea.‘Tetep’ was crossed to the widely used susceptible cultivar ‘CO39’ to generate the mapping population. A Mendelian segregation ratio of 3 : 1 for resistant to susceptible F2 plants further confirmed the presence of a major dominant locus, in ‘Tetep’, conferring resistance to the blast fungal isolate B157, corresponding to the international race IC9. Simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) was used for molecular genetic analysis. The analysis revealed that the SSLP marker RM 246 was linked to a novel blast resistance gene designated Pi‐tp(t) in ‘Tetep’. 相似文献
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Understanding the molecular mechanisms of host parasite interactions should facilitate the development of novel strategies to control plant diseases.…… 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):173-174
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of host and parasite interactions should facilitate the development of novel strategies to control plant diseases. Host interactions with biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens are known to follow a gene-for-gene specificity. The plant expresses a resistance （R） gene that is effective in preventing disease in response to pathogen races expressing the corresponding avirulence gene. We are studying the interaction mechanisms of the R gene, Pi-ta, in rice with the corresponding avirulence gene, A VR-Pita, found in the hemi-biotrophic pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae （formerly Magnaporthe grisea）. Pi-ta is a putative cytoplasmic receptor with a centrally localized nucleotide-binding site and leucine rich domain at the carboxyl terminus （Bryan et al., 2000; Jia et al., 2000）. AVR-Pita is predicted to be a metalloprotease （Jia et al., 2006b）. The putative processed protein, AVR-Pita176, has been shown to interact with the Pi-ta protein （Bryan et al., 2000; Jia et al., 2000）. 相似文献
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A doubled haploid population was employed to characterize the dynamic changes of the genetic components involved in rice blast resistance, including main-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs), epistatic QTLs and QTL-by-environment interactions. The study was carried out at three different developmental stages of rice, using natural infection tests over 2 years. The number of main-effect QTLs, epistatic QTLs and their environmental interactions differed across the various measuring stages. One QTL ( d12 ) on chromosome 12 was detected at all stages, whereas most QTLs were active only at one or two stages in the population. These findings suggest that the unstable expression of most QTLs identified for blast resistance was influenced by the developmental status of the plants, epistatic effects between different loci and the environments in which they were grown. These findings demonstrate the complexity of expression of rice blast resistance and have important implications for durable resistance-breeding and map-based cloning of quantitative traits. 相似文献
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M. J. Telebanco-Yanoria R. Ohsawa S. Senoo N. Kobayashi Y. Fukuta 《Plant Breeding》2008,127(4):355-363
A wide variation in resistance to blast disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr. ( Rossman et al. 1992 ) was found using 922 rice ( Oryza sativa L.) varieties collected mainly from Asia. These were classified into six varietal groups, termed clusters A–F, according to Ward's hierarchical cluster analysis, based on the reaction pattern to 20 standard differential blast isolates from the Philippines. The most susceptible two clusters, B and C, dominated in varieties from the Far East (Japan). Varieties from East Asia and Southeast Asia occurred less frequently in B and C clusters than those of Japan, and more frequently in E and F clusters, which were the most resistant of the cluster groups. Varieties from South Asia showed the widest variation, occurring in all clusters but less frequently in cluster B. The cluster B varieties dominated in Japan and showed a high frequency of isozyme type VI, corresponding to Japonica type. In contrast, the frequency of cluster B was low in the groups with isozyme types I, II, III and V, which dominated in South Asia. Isozyme type I corresponds to Indica type varieties. The distribution of resistance corresponded to the geographical distribution of rice varieties and might be related to differentiation into Indica and Japonica types. These findings will provide useful information for understanding the variation in blast resistance at the global level. 相似文献
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摘 要：采用室内接种和田间自然诱发的方法分别鉴定了福建省18个水稻主栽品种对水稻苗瘟、叶瘟、穗颈瘟的抗病性。结果表明,供试的水稻品种对苗瘟表现为抗病的品种有11个,表现为感病的品种有7个,占供试品种的61.1%和38.9%;对叶瘟表现为抗病的品种有2个,中抗的品种有12个,中感的品种有2个,感病品种有2个,占供试品种的比率分别为11.1%、66.7%、11.1%和11.1%;主栽品种谷优527、佳辐占和特优627对穗颈瘟抗性最强,为抗病品种;金明优100等6个品种为感病品种;汕优63等2个品种为高感品种。另外,地区间气象因子不是造成水稻品种抗病性差异的主要原因,而小气候对稻瘟病发生程度有较大的影响。 相似文献
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We investigated the mode of inheritance and map location of field resistance to rice blast in the elite rice strain Chubu 111, and yield under severe blast conditions. Chubu 111 carries the complete resistance gene Pii, although field testing showed this strain to be susceptible to infection. The level of field resistance of Chubu 111 was so high that chemicals used to control blast were not required, even in an epiphytotic area. Genetic analysis of field resistance to blast in 149 F3 lines derived from a cross between Chubu 111 and the susceptible cultivar ‘Mineasahi’ suggested that field resistance is controlled by a dominant gene, designated Pi39(t), that cosegregates with the single sequence repeat marker loci RM3843 and RM5473 on chromosome 4. Comparative studies of polymorphism at RM3843 among Chubu 111 and six cultivars or lines in its pedigree suggested that the donor of the resistance gene was the Chinese cultivar ‘Haonaihuan’. Marker‐assisted selection of Pi39(t) should be useful in rice‐breeding programmes for field resistance to blast. 相似文献
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The Pi‐ta gene in rice confers resistance to strains of the blast pathogen Magnaporthe grisea (Herbert) Borr. (anamorph Pyricularia oryza Cav.) containing the corresponding avirulence gene AVR‐Pita in a gene‐for‐gene fashion. The Pi‐ta gene is a typical nucleotide‐binding site type resistance gene. Nucleotide sequences distinguishing the resistant Pi‐ta and susceptible pi‐ta alleles were previously identified and used for developing DNA markers for a resistant Pi‐ta haplotype and three susceptible pi‐ta haplotypes. In the present study, the existence of the Pi‐ta gene in 141 rice germplasm accessions was rapidly determined using these markers, and the results were confirmed by inoculating rice germplasm with an M. grisea strain containing AVR‐Pita. The Pi‐ta gene was found in accessions from several major rice producing countries, including China, Colombia, Japan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Iran and the United States. The usefulness of DNA markers for rapid determination of the genotype of rice germplasm was thus demonstrated. The Pi‐ta gene also was found in rice cultivar known to contain the Pi‐ta2 gene, although the allelic relationship of these genes remains to be determined. The presence of the Pi‐ta gene in landrace cultivars in several different geographical locations, the Philippines and Vietnam, other indica rice cultivars in China and Colombia suggest that the Pi‐ta gene may have spontaneously originated in indica rice cultivars. These results are useful for incorporating the Pi‐ta gene into advanced breeding lines by marker‐assisted selection for rice breeding programmes worldwide. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to induce semidwarf, early maturing and blast resistant mutants in two adapted Indian rice cultivars. Seeds of the rice cultivars ‘Madhu Malti’ and ‘Phul Patas 72’ were treated with gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) as well as a combination of gamma rays and EMS. A total of 96 dwarf (< 75 cm) and semidwarf (< 100 cm) and 104 early flowering/maturing M2 plants were identified among the 18,060 M2 plants observed. Sixty-eight blast resistant M2 plants were also identified. The true mutant status of these plants has yet to be determined in progeny tests. The induction of desired mutant types in locally adapted cultivars could prove to be superior over their introduction from non-adapted foreign materials via backcrossing in that the important agronomic characteristics of adaptation to the local environment are retained in the mutants. 相似文献
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The gene Pi15 for resistance of rice to Magnaporthe grisea was previously mapped to a ≈0.7-cM region on chromosome 9. To further define the chromosomal region of the Pi15 locus, a contig spanning the locus was constructed, in silico , through bioinformatics analysis using a reference sequence of the cultivar 'Nipponbare'. One simple sequence repeat marker adopted from the International Rice Microsatellite Initiative and six candidate resistance gene (CRG) markers, developed from gene annotation of the reference sequence of the contig, were used for linkage analysis in a mapping population consisting of 504 extremely susceptible F2 plants. The Pi15 locus was delimited to a ≈0.5-cM region flanked by the markers CRG5 and CRG2 and co-segregated with the markers BAPi15782 , CRG3 and CRG4, which was physically converted to a 44-kb interval. 相似文献
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黑龙江省水稻品种对稻瘟病的抗性分析及评价利用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
采用室内苗期抗谱鉴定的方法,选取178个稻瘟病菌株对黑龙江省13个主栽品种的抗稻瘟病进行了鉴定。从品种对整个黑龙江省稻瘟病菌株的抗性来看,龙粳14和龙盾104抗性最好,抗谱分别为93．82％和93．26％。从品种对适宜积温带稻瘟病菌株的抗性来看,绥粳7和龙盾104分别是第2和第3积温带抗瘟性最好的品种,抗谱分别为73．08％和95．40％。此外,还利用生物间遗传学关于联合抗病性分析的方法。分析了品种搭配在生产上的应用前景,联合抗病性系数最高的组合是龙稻7和绥粳7,联合毒性系数最低的组合是绥粳4和垦稻10。 相似文献
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不断挖掘和克隆抗稻瘟病新基因, 是解析水稻抗病分子遗传机制和培育抗稻瘟病新品种的重要基础。Pi47是笔者从广谱、持久抗稻瘟病湖南地方品种湘资3150中鉴定的稻瘟病抗性基因, 前期研究将其初步定位于第11染色体标记RM224和RM5926间。本研究利用3个Pi47单基因系与感病亲本CO39杂交F2群体1687个感病单株对Pi47精细定位, 利用6个STS标记对3个单基因系进行背景分析, 采用生物信息学方法进行了候选基因分析。结果表明, Pi47被精细定位于CAPS标记S32与K33间0.24 cM区域的171.2 kb物理区间内, 背景分析将Pi47进一步缩小至SC12和K33间67.8 kb的区间内; 该区间含有8个结构基因, 其中2个编码NBS-LRR抗病类似蛋白, 为Pi47的候选功能基因。稻瘟菌抗谱比较分析发现, Pi47单基因系与其定位区间内4个Pik位点的等位基因Pik、Pikm、Pikh和Pikp的近等基因系抗谱不同。这些结果为进一步克隆Pi47和利用其进行分子标记辅助选择培育抗稻瘟病水稻新品种奠定了基础。 相似文献
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The chromosomal location of the resistance gene for green rice leafhopper (GRLH), an injurious insect for rice, has been determined and RFLP markers closely linked to this gene have been identified. The susceptible japonica rice variety ‘Nipponbare’ was crossed with a resistant japonica rice line ‘Aichi42’, in which green rice leaf hopper resistance had been introduced from an indica variety ‘Rantaj‐emas2’, and the 100 F2 plants obtained were used for linkage analysis. The green rice leafhopper resistance gene, Grh3(t), was mapped between RFLP markers C288B and C133A on chromosome 6 and co‐segregated with C81. Of the RFLP markers tightly linked to Grh3(t), C81 was converted to a SCAR marker and C133A to a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker that could distinguish the heterozygous genotype to establish an effective marker‐aided selection system for the GRLH resistance gene. 相似文献
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通过对42个水稻品种进行人工离体叶片接种,明确供试水稻品种对21个稻瘟菌株的抗普和病级并在此基础上对42个水稻品种抗瘟性作了初步研究。分别按供试21个稻瘟菌株毒力差异和42个水稻品种抗瘟性的多个抗性指标进行系统聚类分析。将供试稻瘟菌株分为七类,其菌株毒力差异显著,菌株毒性频率和平均毒力之间呈现高度负相关。把水稻品种分为七类,其中第三类的第一组抗性最好,抗普在85%~100%,病级4.0以下。结果对选育水稻抗瘟新品种、合理布局区内抗性水稻和防治稻瘟病爆发具有一定的实际意义。 相似文献
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‘Minghui 63’ is a restorer line widely used in hybrid rice production in China for the last two decades. This line and its derived hybrids, including ‘Shanyou 63’, are susceptible to bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). To improve the bacterial blight resistance of hybrid rice, two resistance genes Xa21 and Xa7, have been introgressed into ‘Minghui 63’ by marker‐assisted selection and conventional backcrossing, respectively. The single resistance gene‐introgressed lines, Minghui 63 (Xa21) and Minghui 63 (Xa7) had higher levels of resistance to bacterial blight than their derived hybrids, Shanyou 63 (Xa21) or Shanyou 63 (Xa7). Both Xa21 and Xa7 showed incomplete dominance in the heterozygous background of rice hybrids by infection with GX325 and KS‐1‐21. The improved restorer lines, with the homozygous genotypes, Xa21Xa21 or Xa7Xa7, were more resistant than their hybrids with the heterozygous genotypes Xa21xa21 or Xa7xa7. To further enhance the bacterial blight resistance of ‘Minghui 63’ and its hybrids, Xa21 and Xa7 were pyramided into the same background using molecular marker‐aided selection. The restorer lines developed with the resistance genes Xa21 and Xa7, and their derived hybrids were evaluated for resistance after inoculation with 10 isolates of pathogens from China, Japan and the Philippines, and showed a higher level of resistance to BB than the restorer lines and derived hybrids having only one of the resistance genes. The pyramided double resistance lines and their derived hybrids have the same high level of resistance to BB. These results clearly indicate that pyramiding of dominant genes is a useful approach for improving BB resistance in hybrid rice. 相似文献
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广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9对籼稻的转化研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
通过农杆菌介导法,将由CaMv35s启动子启动的广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9转入5个籼稻品种（丰源B、湘晚籼13号、R996、527、1701）的愈伤组织中,所用质粒为pCAMBIA1301,pCAMBIA1301的T-DNA区含有潮霉素（hygmycin）抗性基因和β-葡萄糖苷酸酶（GUS）基因。以潮霉素作为筛选剂对籼稻愈伤组织进行筛选,结果表明,不同品种在转化过程中抗性愈伤率在73．9％～83．3％之间,获得的部分抗性苗经PCR检测为阳性,阳性植株的转化率差异显著,其转化率为5．7％～25．9％之间,对获得的抗性苗和T2代幼苗的根和叶进行GUS组织化学染色分析,有些抗性苗和T2代幼苗的根和叶呈蓝色反应,表明广谱抗稻瘟病基因Pi9基因己整合到水稻基因组并能正常表达。对T2代进行稻瘟病小种接种试验,结果显示了抗性分离。并且建立了一套较为有效的水稻遗传转化体系。 相似文献
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1994年10月至1995年5月,在美国阿肯色大学水稻研究推广中心的温室,对5个美国水稻品种Katy、Lemont、L202、RA73和Bond、其F1、F2和部分组合的F3随机选系,用4个主要美国稻瘟病菌小种IE-1k、IB-33、IB-49和IC-17进行接种鉴定,通过完全双列杂交进行遗传分析的研究。结果表明：所有的亲本对IB-33感病;除RA73外,其他亲本对IE 相似文献
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X. Wang R. Fjellstrom Y. Jia W. G. Yan M. H. Jia B. E. Scheffler D. Wu Q. Shu A. McClung 《Plant Breeding》2010,129(5):491-501