苗圃转让

今年顺义区苗圃绿化、美化苗木达1120多种、1．12亿株。其中油松、白皮松、华山松、雪松、桧柏、侧柏等常绿树13157亩，1650万株，占育苗总面积的23％；连翘、碧桃、榆叶梅、紫叶李、紫蔽、紫荆、月季、玫瑰、黄刺梅、黄杨、女贞等花灌木5468亩，1455万株，占育苗总面积的10％；白腊、元宝枫、栾树、国槐、银杏、合欢、龙爪槐、杜仲、千头椿、金丝柳、各种品种杨等落叶乔木37375亩，8095万株，占育苗总面积的67％。     

大丽花块根繁育和栽培技术

大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav)菊科，大丽花属，多年生草本，原产墨西哥，又名大丽菊、大理花、天竺牡丹、西番莲、地瓜花，具有植株粗壮、花期长、花朵硕大，品种繁多、花色鲜艳、适应性强等特点。是美化公园，布置庭院、花坛、花境以及切花陈设的较好花卉材料。大丽花为世界名花之一，目前世界约有3万多个品种，我国有500余品种。     

木棉嫁接繁育技术

木棉(Gossampinus malabarica)又名攀枝花、红棉、英雄树、烽火树,属木棉科木棉属落叶高大乔木.木棉广泛分布在我国四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东,生长在江河沿岸、山地阳坡及村边道路旁,喜光、耐高温,对土壤要求不苛刻.在四川攀枝花地区木棉树于1月-2月份开花,先花后叶,花色艳丽,有红色、金黄、淡黄色等颜色,树形高大伟岸,是优良的园林绿化树种.木棉树现是攀枝花市市花和广州市市树,在园林绿化中常作行道树、庭荫树、景园树、盆景树等.木棉经嫁接后2 a-3 a开花,嫁接苗可作盆景矮化栽培,观赏价值高.本文介绍了木棉的嫁接育苗技术.     

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this study.The diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw dataset.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw data.The raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE biplot.BLUP results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA method.AMMI analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw data.GGE biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype evaluation.In addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal components.Our study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.     

Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China

Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration.     

环保杀虫装饰涂料

蚊子、苍蝇、螳螂、臭虫、蜘蛛、蚂蚁之类害虫,在家庭、工厂、办公室、医院、学校、酒店等地,随处可见,无处不入.这些昆虫不但给人们的生活带来很多烦恼,更重要的是,他们导致疾病传播,从而严重危害人们的身体健康.所以,根除害虫,改变居住环境,早已成为人们关注的问题.     

减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

Multi-Objective Genetic Based Pore Combination Recognition

This paper proposes an automatic method of pore combination recognition,which is an important feature to hardwood recognition.After extracting edge from wood microscopic cross-section, based on area histogram of the similar circle regions,the method classifies all regions into two classes with maximum between-class variance,so as to distinguish the pore from other textures,which are similar in shapes but different in sizes.Meanwhile, second objective function about average area of closed regions is used to improve the pore segmentation performance.At last,the method uses adjacency degree of pore set to judge pore combination.The experiments demonstrate that the task of pore segmentation can be completed successfully for all kinds of pore distribution and combination,and also the correct combinations of pores are given.     

Discussion on Spatial Optimization Modeling of Water Resource Conservation Forests and Management Practice of Forest Functions

According to the unification principle of system structure and system function of the Water Resource Conservation Forests,seven factors were selected from stand spatial structure,trees structure and healthy of woods,the multifunction management optimization model target was confirmed by using nonlinearity multi-objective programming approach, and the target function-stand spatial structure homogeneity index was defined to establish spatial optimization models with restraining conditions set up in diversity of stand structure and spatial structure.The spatial structure of available typical stand in the wet land area in southern Donting Lake was optimized by means of selective cutting and reinforcement planting.The results showed that the spatial structure was improved obviously and trees diversity and stand health were not weakened.It’s suggested that the established optimization model can effectively guide multifunction management,stand structure optimization and the steadiness of ecological ecosystem and it is convenient and operable in practice,and it’s very important to protect and recover ecosystem of Water Resource Conservation Forests.     

SPOT5卫星遥感数据在森林资源监测工作中的应用研究

利用SPOT5卫星遥感数据进行森林资源监测已在河南省全面展开,本文结合SPOT5卫星遥感数据的特点,研究了影像数据的正射纠正、融合、裁减、分幅出图等处理方法,通过在森林资源“二类”调查工作中的应用实践,探讨了SPOT5卫星数据在森林资源监测、图件编绘等方面的可行性和优越性。     

MAPINFO与MAPGIS两种制图方法的转换的浅议

由于MapInfo与MAPGIS两种制图软件在制图方面各有优缺点,为了满足同一幅图达到不同客户的要求,因此会由MAPINFO与MAPGIS两种制图的相互转换,充分利用二者的优点,将更好的为运用这两种制图软件的人士提供服务。本文主要论述MapInfo与MAPGIS文件之间是如何进行转换的。     

青海克鲁克-托素湖自然保护区湿地景观格局及其演变分析

遥感和地理信息系统技术的快速发展使之成为目前在景观水平对湿地及其环境进行调查、监测和分析最为有效的技术手段。采用三期遥感资料结合地面调查,对克鲁克-托素湖自然保护区的生态景观类型、分布以及演变情况进行调查和分析,并对保护区主要湿地景观演变及驱动原因进行了初步探讨。     

遥感植被指数在重点国有林区“三总量”伐区检查中的应用研究——以对鹤立林业局的研究为例

以鹤立林业局为研究区域,以2007年"三总量"检查的TM遥感判读区划结果和抽样现地检查结果为基础资料,分析了同期遥感数据之间、不同年份遥感数据之间采伐地块的植被指数变化,以及不同采伐方式和不同采伐强度与植被指数变化的关系,为利用遥感数据进行"三总量"检查进行了有益的探索和实践。     

IRS-P5与RapidEye遥感影像在森林资源调查中的应用

本文详细阐述了IRS-P5与RapidEye数据的处理方法,以及利用遥感数据进行森林资源调查的流程。实践表明,IRS-P5全色波段数据分辨率高、纹理特征明显,RapidEye多光谱数据的色彩信息丰富,两类数据的融合,可以充分发挥各自的优势,有利于提高森林资源调查的精度和效率。     

吉林市城市林业信息管理系统构建初探

本文根据吉林市的具体情况和信息管理体系的多方面优点,结合遥感和GIS(地理信息系统)技术,初步探讨了构建吉林市城市林业信息管理系统的方法,拟定了吉林市林业信息管理系统的功能框架图和系统流程图,为城市林业的建设与发展提供必要的技术支撑。     

内蒙古沙漠化土地与植被演替现象的研究

利用遥感信息资料解译宏观的大尺度范围沙漠化土地，微观上结合地面调查，进行综合分析沙漠化土地成因、发生发展过程与地面植被演替规律的相互作用。植物群落所处的演替阶段、组成、结构与分布以及其退化过程，与土地沙漠化程度有因果和相互促进的关系，该项研究可为植被恢复和重建及物种选择提供理论依据。     

黄龙山林区油松毛虫发生原因分析及防治措施

在研究清楚油松毛虫生物特性的基础上,以黄龙山林区为例,分析了该林区油松毛虫发生的原因,提出了应重视松毛虫的监测与预报,积极采用航天遥感与航空遥感技术作为监测松毛虫发生的手段,做到早发现早治理;加强松树的抗性机制与分子机理、抗性品种的开发等方面的研究,提高松林对松毛虫为害的抵抗力;综合采取营林防治、生物防治、人工物理防治以及化学药剂防治等措施,将松毛虫的危害减少到最小程度,促进森林的可持续经营。     

森林生物量与生产力研究综述

森林生态系统在维护全球碳平衡中有着重要作用，其生物量和生产力是研究生态系统碳平衡的基础数据，进一步推动了森林生物量和生产力的研究。阐述了森林生物量和生产力形成的生理生态学基础，不同森林类型的生物产量、区域分布格局，森林经营对生物产量的影响、研究方法和模型等。在多尺度上，采用先进的研究手段，围绕资源环境等热点问题来研究森林生物量和生产力，实现数据共享和网络化是森林生物量和生产力研究的发展趋势。     

遥感影像在三北防护林监测管理中的应用研究

通过选取甘肃省景泰县两个时段的卫星影像并经过加工处理,分析比较两个时期该区域的植被变化情况和土地利用变化情况,并计算出两个时段的具体数据,从该县近年各项林业工程建设任务的角度分析土地利用变化和森林消长的原因,首次尝试应用美国TM遥感卫星影像和法国SPOT卫星影像结合调查三北防护林的监测管理。通过该例研究和分析,为在三北工程建设区大面积推广应用遥感数据进行工程监测和管理提供有益的探索和实践。