Assessing the impact of climate change on annual typhoon rainfall—a stochastic simulation approach

Rainfall amount drawn by typhoon events accounts for a significant portion of annual rainfall in Taiwan. Changes in typhoon rainfall due to climate change may have severe consequences for water resources management. A stochastic simulation approach is proposed for evaluation of changes in typhoon rainfall under certain climate change scenarios. The number of typhoon events and total rainfall of individual typhoon events are, respectively, considered as random variables of the Poisson and Gamma distributions. Climate change scenarios were set by varying various degrees of changes in average number of typhoon events annually and the mean of event-total rainfall. Using stochastic simulation, basin-wide annual typhoon rainfalls were simulated for the Shihmen Reservoir watershed in northern Taiwan. It is found that 10% increases in average annual number of typhoon events and mean event-total rainfall will result in 18% increase in the annual typhoon rainfall of 5-year return period, whereas the annual typhoon rainfall of 10-year return period will increase by 15% under the same climate change scenario. Such increases may cause significant increase in reservoir sediment and pose challenges to reservoir management.     

Success of growing rice on the desert

Technology of growing rice on the desert was successfully achieved at Naman Scientific Experiment Station of Lanzhou Desert Res Inst, Acad Sinica, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province. Polyester film was used under the     

Study on the incorporation of standing whole straw into the soil

The physical and chemical properties of the incorporation of whole and chopped straw into the soil and the rice yield of the first year in Northeast China are investigated in this study. Since the incorporated straw would become decayed in 2nd and 3rd year and cause favorable effect on rice growing, only the first year yield is evaluated.     

Feasibility of fish culture under the circumstances of growing the rice on the natural water

We studied the feasibility of a new production mode incorporating rice cultivation with fish culture in 1991.     

Studies on the rice prolamine compositions and contents

Polamines are the major seed storage proteins in most of the sereals. The rice prolamines contain a high mole percentage of glutamine residues and low jevels of lysine, histidine,cystine, and methionine. Among the four coraponent of rice prolamiaes, 16KDa and 10KDa contsin more sulfate-riched amino acid residues.     

Report on the Workshop “Research Challenges for the Seed Potato Sector”

Held on July 2017 during the 20^th EAPR Conference in Versailles, France, the workshop intended (1) to review—and exchange with participants—some recent advances and concerns for the seed potato sector (new regulations, seed health, multiplication schemes including true potato seed, seed crop management, etc.) and (2) to define the main challenges for future research and improvement for seed potatoes production and regulation systems to secure the whole chain of potato production.     

Studies on the source-sink characteristics and the seedsetting rate in indica-japonica hybrid rice

To study the differences of source-sink characteristics and seed-setting rate between indica/japonica hybrid rice and indica/indica hybrid rice, we conducted this experiment in Yintan City, Jiangxi Province,in 1993. The indica/japonica hybrid rice tested were: Jiangnongzao ⅡA/1044, Jiangnongzao ⅡA/1044zao, Jiangnongzao ⅡA/1046, and 5460s/Guangkanggen 2.The indica/indica hybrid rice tested was Shanyou 63. They were planted in late season, with a transplanting space of 16.7cm×20cm. At the heading stage, the leaf areas were measured, and the experiment of cutting off leaves or spikelets was conducted. The resuts indicated that:     

Effect of sample pretreatments on the storability of ground melon ‘egusi’—Colocynthis citrillus L.

In the maintenance of shelf-stability, nutritional and organoleptic properties of ground melon egusi—Colcynthis eitrullus L., vacuum-packaged samples were found to be better than unpackaged samples and samples treated with 0.2% butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and 0.02% BHA + 0.045% sodium metabisulphite. After 56 days at 35°C, stored samples showed significant differences (P 0.01) in chemical composition peroxide value (PV), fungal counts and organoleptic attributes. Lipid oxidation and, to a lesser extent, fungal deterioration were responsible for the spoilage of stored ground melon kernel. The dominant fungal flora isolated from stored samples were of the generaPenicillium, Botryodiplodia, Rhizopus andAspergillus.     

Feasibility study of rice culture on the natural waters

Rice Culture on the natural waters was first propounded in 1988 by Prof Xu Guanren, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The preliminary study with emphasis on searching for materials and designing structures of the floating field and the fertilizer composition suitable for such new culture system was implemented at CNRRI in 1989.     

Preliminary studies on radiant spectrum of the leaves of the paddy and upland rice

To study the property of the radiant spectrum(RS),i.e.absorption,reflectance and trans-mission ratio.Four upland rice varieties i.e.Haogelao,Hongkuo—laoshuya,Chengjiang—ludao,and IRAT—109,and four paddy ricevarieties Xifeng,Akihikari,Zhongbai 4,andYuefu were sown at Beijing on dry land in themiddle May,1992 and 1993.The plants weretreated with drought stress during seedling,booting,heading and flowering stages.It wasrainy season or intermittent irrigation duringother period.The RS and the chlorophyll con-tent of the third leave of seedlings and that offlag leave at heading—flowering period weremeasured with UV—190 model spectrometer.The results are shown in Fig 1 and Fig 2.There were little difference of RS in 800-200 mn and chlorophyll content between theleaves of paddy and upland rice during seedlingstage (Fig 1).However,remarkable differ-     

Preliminary study on the genes related to the fertility of indica／japonica hybrid rice

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Studies on the inheritance of transgenic rice with bar gene

Bar gene driven under the control of CaMV 35s promotor was delivered into the immature embroys of a japonica rice cultivar Jingying 119 through biolistic approach. Two putative transgenic plants were produced, which ex-pressed Basra-resistance. One of the Basra-re-sistance transgenic rices was completely sterile(JY 119-3), the other was self-fertile (JY119-4).     

Effects of proline on the seed-setting rate of hybrid rice

The seed-setting rate of hybrid rice is generally lower than that of conventional varieties,One of the factors explained this Dhenomenon is the proline concentration in anthers.     

Calcium effect on the process of cold-hardening of rice seedlings

Low temperature is an important environmen-tal factor that limits the productivity and dis-tribution of plant. The ability to cold acclima-tion is a common adaptive response in plantsnative in temperate regions and results in en-hancing tolerance to chilling stress. In presentstudy the seedlings of Tesanai 2 were grown at28±1℃ and under a photo flux density (PFD)of 30μmol/m~2s for 8 d. The cold acclimationresponse is triggered by 14℃ under a PFD of75 μmol/m~2s for 3 d. Rice seedlings for cold-hardening were germinated from seeds treatedwith or without immersion in 30 mmol/L ofCaCl_2 solution. Change of membrane systemprotection in leaves at various periods(viz:fol-lowing cold-hardening, chilling stress and onthe 3rd day of recovery), the ratio of survival     

Study on the structures of papilla of lemma in Oryza

Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｏｆｐａｐｉｌｌａｏｆｌｅｍｍａａｍｏｎｇ２３Ｏｒｙｚａｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｗｅｒｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄａｎｄｃｌａｓｓｉｆｉｅｄｉｎｔｏ６ｋｉｎｄｓｂｙｓｃａｎｎｉｎｇｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ．Ｔｈｅｌｅｍｍａｓｕｒｆａｃｅｗａｓｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄｏｆｐａｐｉｌｌａｐｅｄｅｓｔａｌｓｗｉｔｈｍｕｌｔｉ＿ｒｏｗｌｏｎｇｉｔｕｄｉｎａｌｏｒｄｅｒｅｄａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔｓａｎｄｔｈｅｐａｐｉｌｌａｗａｓｉｎｓｅｒｔｅｄｉｎｔｏｐｅｄｅｓｔａｌ．Ｔｈｅｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇ…     

Inheritance study on the stable herbicide resistance of transgenic rice

The transgene technology showed a potentiality in crop improvement such as disease and insect resistance, anti-adversity, and grain quality. The inheritance of bar gene for herbicide BASTA resistance in stable transformed rice lines was studied for an understanding of the foreign gene inheritance pattern.