共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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动物机体内的黏膜免疫系统约占机体淋巴细胞组织的50%以上,具有大量的免疫细胞。黏膜免疫细胞可以摄取、呈递抗原,诱导发生免疫反应,产生免疫效应因子,发挥免疫作用。作为机体抵抗病原菌侵袭的免疫防线,黏膜免疫系统功能是否完善、健全是保障动物健康快速生长的重要保障,目前对黏膜免疫系统及其影响因素的研究越来越被广大学者所重视。研究表明,氨基酸营养对免疫机能的发挥有积极的影响,其与免疫之间的相互作用也成为营养学研究的重要领域之一。1黏膜免疫系统黏膜免疫系统(mucosal i mmune system,MIS)是由肠相关淋巴组织(GALT)、支气管… 相似文献
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反刍动物氨基酸营养研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
日粮蛋白质首先经过反刍动物复胃,然后从肠管中消化,吸收进入肠系膜静脉,再流入门静脉,经过肝脏整合后进入心脏,最后在肺脏中携氧后分配给外周组织利用。氨基酸在被机体吸收过程中,相当一部分氨基酸将要参与消化道壁的代谢,并且这些代谢显著影响着肝脏和上皮组织对氨基酸的利用。另外各种氨基酸在肝脏清除量差异很大,肝脏在控制分配给外周组织的氨基酸的数量和质量过程中也起着重要的作用。本文按蛋白质的利用过程,详尽地综述了氨基酸在消化、吸收、代谢和利用过程的有关研究进展,对氨基酸需要量和氨基酸平衡及其调控进行了综述和讨论,并对今后反刍动物氨基酸营养研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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<正>氮、磷是重要的环境污染源,因此减少动物排泄物中的氮、磷是控制环境污染问题的有效途径之一。目前,遗传学家已经成功培育出新一代能更加有效生产动物蛋白的猪禽品种,接下来,营养学家需要设计出能充分发挥其遗传潜力的饲养方案,以 相似文献
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猪的氨基酸营养研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
猪的氨基酸营养研究进展中国农业大学动物科技学院肖长艇李德发王九峰一、理想蛋白质氨基酸模式(一)理想蛋白质的概念“理想蛋白质”(IdealProtein,IP)的概念最初是由Howard于1958年提出来的,当时叫做“完全蛋白质”(CompletePr... 相似文献
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Guoyao Wu 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2010,1(2)
Recent advances in swine protein nutrition are characterized by the development of functional amino acids(AA)in regulating fetal and postnatal survival,growth and development. These AA include arginine,glutamine,glutamate,proline,leucine, cysteine and tryptophan. Due to limited knowledge on AA nutrition,pork producers have traditionally paid little attention to supplementing the arginine family of AA to swine diets. Results of recent studies indicate that functional AA serve important regulatory functions in nutrient metabolism,protein turnover, and immune function,therefore enhancing efficiency of feed utilization by pigs. The underlying mechanisms include activation of nitric oxide,mammalian target of rapamycin,gaseous signaling,and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways, as well as anti-oxidative function. Dietary supplementation with arginine,glutamine, proline or leucine to weanling piglets enhances their growth performance. Arginine or glutamine is also effective in increasing milk production by lactating sows. Furthermore,supplementing arginine to the diet of pregnant gilts between days 30 and 114 of gestation increases the number of live-born piglets and litter birth-weight. Availability of feed-grade functional AA holds great promise for improving animal health and nutrient utilization in pig production worldwide. Additionally, feedstuffs of animal origin[e. g. , blood meal (ring dried),feather meal(hydrolyzed),meat and bone meal, porcine protein meal,and poultry by-product meal(both feed- and petfood-grades )]are excellent and cost-effective sources of both essential and functional AA for formulating balanced swine diets.New knowledge on AA nutrition provides a much needed scientific basis for revising the next edition of swine nutrient requirements. 相似文献
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Recent advances in swine protein nutrition are characterized by the development of functional amino acids (AA) in regulating fetal and postnatal survival, growth and development. These AA include arginine, glutamine, glutamate, proline, leucine, cysteine and tryptophan. Due to limited knowledge on AA nutrition, pork producers have traditionally paid little attention to supplementing the arginine family of AA to swine diets. Results of recent studies indicate that functional AA serve important regulatory functions in nutrient metabolism, protein turnover, and immune function, therefore enhancing efficiency of feed utilization by pigs. The underlying mechanisms include activation of nitric oxide, mammalian target of rapamycin, gaseous signaling, and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways, as well as anti-oxidative function. Dietary supplementation with arginine, glutamine, proline or leucine to weanling piglets enhances their growth performance. Arginine or glutamine is also effective in increasing milk production by lactating sows. Furthermore, supplementing arginine to the diet of pregnant gilts between days 30 and 114 of gestation increases the number of live-born piglets and litter birth-weight. Availability of feed-grade functional AA holds great promise for improving animal health and nutrient utilization in pig production worldwide. Additionally, feedstuffs of animal origin [e.g., blood meal (ring dried), feather meal (hydrolyzed), meat and bone meal, porcine protein meal, and poultry by-product meal (both feed- and petfood-grades)] are excellent and cost-effective sources of both essential and functional AA for formulating balanced swine diets. New knowledge on AA nutrition provides a much needed scientific basis for revising the next edition of swine nutrient requirements. 相似文献
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GuoyaoWu 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2010,(2):118-130
Recent advances in swine protein nutrition are characterized by the development of functional a- mino acids (AA) in regulating fetal and postnatal survival, growth and development. These AA include arginine, glutamine, glutamate, proline, leucine, cyste- ine and tryptophan. Due to limited knowledge on AA nutrition, pork producers have traditionally paid little attention to supplementing the arginine family of AA to swine diets. Results of recent studies indicate that functional AA serve important regulatory functions in nutrient metabolism, protein turnover, and immune function, therefore enhancing efficiency of feed utili- zation by pigs. The underlying mechanisms include activation of nitric oxide, mammalian target of rapam- ycin, gaseous signaling, and AMP-activated protein ki- nase pathways, as well as anti-oxidative function. Di- etary supplementation with arginine, glutamine, pro- line or leucine to weanling piglets enhances theirgrowth performance. Arginine or glutamine is also ef- fective in increasing milk production by lactating sows. Furthermore, supplementing arginine to the diet of pregnant gilts between days 30 and 114 of gestation increases the number of live-born piglets and litter birth-weight. Availability of feed-grade functional AA holds great promise for improving animal health and nutrient utilization in pig production worldwide. Addi- tionally, feedstuffs of animal origin [ e. g. , blood meal ( ring dried ), feather meal ( hydrolyzed ), meat and bone meal, porcine protein meal, and poultry by-prod- uct meal (both feed- and petfood-grades) ] are excel- lent and cost-effective sources of both essential and functional AA for formulating balanced swine diets. New knowledge on AA nutrition provides a much needed scientific basis for revising the next edition of swine nutrient requirements. 相似文献
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必需微量元素的重要营养功能已得到广泛的承认,为了更好满足现代动物高生产性能的需要量,需要在全价料中加微量元素。为了减少排泄,提高利用率,就必须考虑各种微量元素的生物效价。现在的研究结果有这样的倾向:有机或蛋白源的矿物元素比无机矿元有较高的生物效价,且有机微量元素除了较高的利用率外,在代谢和生理方面还有一定的优势,在动物生长性能上表现出可提高采食量、生长速度、饲料效率和健康状况等,同时减少向环境中的排放量。 现在已经有有机微量元素产品出现在市场上。研究最多和普遍认为效果比较明显的是氨基酸和蛋白质螫… 相似文献
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