景谷县杂交水稻新组合试制工作及技术

景谷县进行籼型杂交水稻制种20多年以来，每年都安排专门资金和专人进行试制工作。通过试制先后筛选出汕优6号、威优6号、D优2号、D优63、Ⅱ优63、Ⅱ优6078、Ⅱ优7号等一系列适合本县制种和栽培的优质高产组合供大面积制种和栽培使用。总结了新组合试制的具体技术措施。     

优质高产杂交糯稻新品种嘉糯1优2号高产制种技术

嘉糯1优2号是福建农林大学作物遗传育种研究所选育的优质、高产杂交糯稻新品种,2009年7月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。根据嘉糯1优2号亲本的特征特性,结合制种生产实践,提出了嘉糯1优2号高产制种技术。     

优质杂交籼稻中浙优8号安全高产制种技术

根据中浙优8号（中浙A/T-8）亲本的特征特性,结合浙江省遂昌、莲都等地历年气象资料和多年制种实践,总结了中浙优8号安全高产制种技术。     

杂交中籼稻新组合351优1号的特性和制种技术研究

杂交中籼稻351优1号具有高产、稳产、农艺性状较优、综合抗性强等优点,2009年通过浙江省品种审定委员会审定。阐述了351优1号及双亲的特征特性,从制种基地选择、肥水管理、九二0施用、病虫害防治等方面总结了351优1号高产优质制种技术。     

杂交水稻新组合中百优1号特征特性及高产制种技术探索

中百优1号是中国水稻研究所新近育成的优质、高产、抗病杂交稻新组合，于2006年5月通过国家品种审定委员会审定。2006年在江苏省大丰市上海农场种子生产基地，进行了中百优1号的初次大田制种试验与技术研究。本文介绍了中百优1号父母本的特征特性，提出了中百优1号高产制种的技术措施。     

杂交稻新组合中浙优1号制种技术

概述了杂交稻中浙优1号双亲的主要特征特性,提出了中浙优1号的高产制种技术.     

杂交籼糯稻新组合嘉糯Ⅰ优6号高产制种技术

嘉糯Ⅰ优6号是采用核辐射诱变技术育成的三系籼糯稻,产量高,适应性较广。根据嘉糯Ⅰ优6号双亲的特征特性和2a当地高产制种经验,总结了该组合高产制种技术。     

新粳优1号父母本不同行比对制种产量的影响

新粳优1号是由母本新稻97200A和父本新恢3号杂交育成的河南省第一个纯自育的杂交粳稻品种,该品种2011年5月通过河南省品种委员会审定,产量高、米质好。为探索杂交种制种最高产量潜力,特设置了父母本不同行比试验研究,明确不同的父母本行比对制种产量的影响。结果表明,新粳优1号不同的父母本行比对制种产量影响较小,说明父母本行比大小不是制约新粳优1号制种产量的主要因素,而确保父母本盛花期才是提高产量的关键因素。     

粳型杂交稻80优9号高产制种技术研究

通过对粳型杂交稻８０优９号制种产量构成４因素及其相关程度的分析，揭示了产量构成因素与产量的关系，明确了该组合高产制种母本穗粒结构和父母本最佳播差期，提出了８０优９号高产制种的主攻方向和栽培途径。     

Ⅱ优10号高产制种技术

概述了Ⅱ优 １０ 号父母本的主要特征特性，据此提出了Ⅱ优 １０ 号的高产制种技术。     

Relationship between assimilate supply per seed during seed filling and soybean seed composition

Developing soybean cultivars with high seed protein concentration has been hampered by the negative correlation between seed protein and seed yield. While previous in vitro studies have documented the impact of assimilate supply to the seed in determining seed protein, in planta studies generally have failed to link seed protein accumulation directly with assimilate supply per plant during seed filling. It may be possible to reconcile this apparent contradiction by expressing the relationship between seed protein and assimilate supply in planta on a per seed basis. We evaluated the association between seed composition and assimilate supply per seed in closely related experimental lines varying in seed protein concentration and in several elite varieties from the Iowa State University breeding program. High seed protein content was associated with greater leaf area per seed at R5.5, which was a consequence of fewer seeds set per plant. The more favorable source/sink ratio provided greater assimilate per seed during grain filling, but limited the yield potential of the high protein lines because of reduced seed set. Depodding during grain filling increased seed size of low protein lines and increased seed protein concentration to levels comparable to those in the untreated high protein lines. Seed size was far less responsive to depodding in the high protein lines. These results suggest that high protein lines maintain assimilate supply per seed at or near saturating levels during seed filling. Improving seed protein levels in high yielding varieties will require increasing assimilate supply per seed without sacrificing seed numbers.     

水稻种子含水量对发芽势、发芽率的影响

2009年吉林省气候异常,通化市农业科学研究院通过试验研究了水稻种子含水量与发芽势、发芽率的关系,试验表明:水稻种子含水量与发芽势、发芽率均呈直线正相关,发芽势与含水量呈极显著正相关,而发芽率与含水量正相关不显著。即在室温条件下自然降水将会导致水稻种子发芽势、发芽率降低。     

不同种茎处理对甘蔗萌芽和幼苗生长的影响

以不同部位、不同芽数和不同质量的甘蔗种茎为材料,分析不同种茎来源对甘蔗萌芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：中部种茎萌芽出苗及幼苗生长表现最好,萌芽率和苗高分别为72.81%和46.33 cm;单芽茎的萌芽率较低,苗较矮,而三芽茎、四芽茎和多芽茎的萌芽率和苗高差异不明显。正常种茎的萌芽率与倒伏种茎的差异不显著,与绵蚜危害种茎、螟虫危害种茎和黑穗病危害种茎的差异显著;正常种茎苗高与螟虫危害种茎的差异不显著,与绵蚜危害种茎、倒伏种茎和黑穗病危害种茎的差异显著;而黑穗病危害种茎芽萌发长成的植株只有3.82%为正常植株,其他均为黑穗苗。结果说明生产上选健康的甘蔗中部或梢部茎留种,以双芽段、三芽段、四芽段或多芽段种茎种植有利于甘蔗萌芽和幼苗生长。     

丸粒化玉米种子干燥质量的试验研究

根椐种子发芽率的数学模型,研究热风温度和种子初始水分对种子发芽率的影响。结果表明,随着热风温度升高,种子发芽率损失速率将增大,热风温度在45℃以下,为玉米种子干燥过程中的安全热风温度;随着种子初始水分的增大,种子发芽率损失速率将增大,种子的初始水分越大,选择的热风温度越低。经发芽率实验证明,玉米种子经丸粒化后,发芽率没有变化。在低水分情况下,丸粒化种子比未丸粒化种子发芽率稍高,丸粒化种子含水量在丸粒化前、丸粒化后及贮存一定时间无太大变化,丸粒化种子的加工工艺和干燥工艺合理。     

提高杂交水稻种子质量之浅见

阐述了近几年的杂交水稻种子质量现状，指出种子质量不稳定的原因有：ａ）亲本纯度问题；ｂ）种子生产、加工过程中质量检测、监控不严；ｃ）种子市场管理力度不够。提出了提高种子质量的具体措施。     

Seed producer cooperatives in the Ethiopian seed sector and their role in seed supply improvement: A review

The role of seed producer cooperatives (SPCs) in the Ethiopian seed sector and their contribution to seed supply improvement have received attention from researchers, policymakers, and development partners. However, limited work has been done in reviewing and documenting their involvement in the seed sector development. In this paper, we review and discuss the SPCs in the Ethiopian seed sector. Specifically, we reflect on the contribution of SPCs to improving seed availability and access in the country. The current liberal market system of Ethiopia creates new opportunities for growth as successful enterprises, but also brings new challenges, such as more intense competition for smallholder producers. The government policy encourages SPCs to engage in seed business. We draw on scientific literature, reports, white papers, project documents, and websites. The review reveals that the seed sector in Ethiopia consists of three seed systems: formal, informal, and intermediary seed systems. Each seed system has a specific contribution to the delivery of seed to farmers, but they vary in their approach and respective strategies. The SPCs are categorized in the intermediary seed system because they have features of both formal and informal seed systems. They play a key role in meeting seed demand and contribute greatly to seed supply improvement through high-volume production of seed, crop, and variety diversification, and seed delivery to farmers. They produce and market the seed through various market channels, including direct sales to farmers, sales through contractual agreement, and sales directly to institutional buyers. Their contribution to improving the seed supply and seed security has received considerable recognition by policymakers and development practitioners. Therefore, government and development partners should support and strengthen SPCs to maximize their success in the seed business and their contribution to improving the seed supply in Ethiopia.     

麻疯树优良单株筛选重要性状评价指标研究

利用方差分析、相关分析、因子分析和通径分析等方法,对筛选到的20株麻疯树优良单株的产量性状指标和种子特性等进行分析,结果表明:(1)单株果数、单株种子数、单株果重和单株种子重的变异系数均大于60%,具有较大的选择潜力,而百粒重、种子长度、种子宽度、种子厚度、种子含水量和种子含油量的变异系数分别为9.09%、1.67%、1.99%、2.04%、11.84%和7.02%,相对选择潜力较小;(2)单株果数、单株种数、单株果重和单株种子重4个性状反映了单株产量,且相互间呈极显著正相关,百粒重则反映了种子饱满程度,因此可选取单株种重和百粒重作为麻疯树优良单株筛选评价的主要指标;(3)种子含油量可在将来获得麻疯树高产稳产品种的基础上作为高油品种的筛选评价指标;(4)优良单株CPT1的单株种重、百粒重和种子含油量分别为676.84g、62.04g和34.43%,其产量性状和含油量表现较好,可作为生产上优良品种进一步筛选和培育的对象。     

甘蓝型油菜粒色与种子有关性状间的关系研究

本文研究了分离世代粒色与种子含油量、胚含油量、皮壳含油量及皮壳率间的简单相关和偏相关关系。简单相关分析表明,粒色与种子含油量,胚含油量及皮壳含油量间均呈显著负相关,与皮壳率间呈极显著正相关。在黄籽群体内,粒色与皮壳率间无相关,与种子含油量及胚含油量的相关趋于不显著,与皮壳含油量可能呈负相关。偏相关分析表明,粒色只与皮壳率和皮壳含油量偏相关显著,与种子含油量及胚含油量间的偏相关不明显。文中讨论了粒色与种子含油量呈显著简单相关的原因和高含油量育种策略。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

不同处理对柱花草种子的产量和质量的影响

以热研5号柱花草为材料,研究了不同的底肥、种植密度、追肥、灌水次数和采收方式对柱花草种子产量和质量的影响。结果表明,3个底肥(磷肥)水平种子产量和质量均高于未施磷水平,0.07 kg/m2处理磷肥水平产量最高,为358.50 kg/hm2,且3个处理相差不大。净度和千粒重最低的处理是0.13 kg/m2磷肥水平,分别为8.87%和2.42 g。种植密度为0.5 m×1.0 m产量最高,为448.63 kg/hm2,种植密度行距为1 m的种子净度、千粒重和出苗率均高于株行距为0.5 m的,净度为9.12%,千粒重为2.63 g,出苗率为74.33%。未追肥条件种子产量最低,为339.96 kg/hm2,种子净度、千粒重和出苗率变化较小。3个灌溉处理种子产量差异较小,未灌溉处理种子千粒重和出苗率最低,分别为2.48 g和42.44%。铺膜采收种子处理种子产量最高,为370.79 kg/hm2,成熟后刈割收种处理种子产量和千粒重最低,分别为197.42 kg/hm2和2.47 g。试验为云南柱花草生产及草业的发展提供理论依据。