新疆阿勒泰地区表土孢粉组合

地层中孢粉组合的研究是探讨古植被、恢复古地理、古气候的一种重要方法。要较准确地解释在地层中,尤其是第四纪地层中获取的孢粉组合,需要对表土孢粉进行研究,找出它们同植被带之间的关系。国内外已有人在这方面做了工作,但新疆这方面的工作仍属空白。     

MOVEMENT OF 2,6-DICHLOROBENZONITRILE IN SOILS AND IN PLANTS IN RELATION TO ITS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Summary. The movement of the herbicide H133 (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) in soils and in plants is shown to be governed mainly by its relatively high volatility, its low solubility in water and its strong adsorption on lignin, on humic matter and on lipid material. Some evidence for a transformation of H133 in plants is presented.
Les déplacemcnts du 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile dans les sols et dans les plantes et leurs relations avec les proriétés physiques     

新疆粮棉混作生态区茧蜂种类调查初报

报道了新疆南、北、东3个主要粮棉混作生态区茧蜂科种类14个亚科,28个属,63种；其中新疆新记录18种,国内新记录3种。调查分析表明：小腹茧蜂亚科Microgastrinae、茧蜂亚科Bra- coninae、内茧蜂亚科Rogadinae和蚜茧蜂亚科Aphidiinae种类的数量在新疆粮棉混作生态区占明显优势地位。     

宁夏盐池半荒漠风沙区PRED专家系统简介及其运行环境

本文介绍了盐池县半荒漠风沙区ＰＲＥＤ专家系统的特定知识领域，主要功能模块、Ｉ／Ｏ数据类型及系统运行环境等基本情况，对系统性能、系统的控制流、系统的信息流等作了简要分析。     

EXPERIMENTS IN HAND-WEEDING OF CONIFER SEEDBEDS IN FOREST NURSERIES

Summary. In 3 years and in three nurseries, experimental plots sown with conifer seed were weeded by hand at intervals from 1½ to 12 weeks. Assessments of the seedlings at the end of each year showed a reduction in numbers and height only on plots left for 12 weeks between successive weedings. The total time taken to weed plots during the growing season was least for plots weeded at intervals of 3-4 weeks and greatest for plots weeded at the longest intervals. Data on the total weight of weeds, the total number of weeds, the species composition and the stage of weed growth at weeding are also given and discussed.
Essais de désherbage dans les pépinières     

南昌地区小菜蛾的抗药性监测

用FAO推荐的点滴法测定了南昌地区小菜蛾（PlutellaxylostellaL）的抗药性。结果表明,乙酰甲胺磷、氯菊酯和溴菊酯为中抗水平（14.5、16．3和344倍）,氯戊菊酯、敌敌畏和乐果为低抗水平（5．6、3．9和3．7倍）。用浸溃法测定了南昌地区小菜蛾对3种生物杀虫剂的敏感世。     

我国昆虫寄生线虫研究进展

在生物进化史上,线虫和昆虫在古生代(距今5-6亿年)就先后出现,在漫长的演化过程中,二者中有一部份发生了寄生与被寄生的关系。据聂克尔(Nickle,1974)记述,从欧洲莱茵河始新世(距今3700-6000万年)的煤炭和波罗的海琥珀中,发现两种寄生于昆虫的线虫(Heydonius antiquus和H.matutinus)化石,证明线虫寄生于昆虫已有很长历史。彭世奖考据(1983)江苏《高邮州志》记载:“庆元一年(1196年)飞蝗抱草死,每一蝗有一蛆,食其脑”,据认为是索科线虫害生所致。说明我国至少在十二世纪就有线虫寄生于昆虫的记录。而国外最早在十八世纪,Gould(1747)首次发表黄土蚁(Lasius flavus)被线虫寄生的情况。     

中国林木害虫寄生蜂研究概况

文从林木害虫寄生蜂资源调查、主要种类生物学、生态学、生理生化、人工繁殖及利用等方面综述了我国林木害虫寄生蜂的研究进展。并介绍了松毛虫赤眼蜂、管氏肿腿蜂、花角蚜小蜂、平腹小蜂及白蛾周氏啮小蜂等的利用情况。     

THE CONTROL OF WEEDS IN TEA BY HERBICIDES IN MAURITIUS

Summary. Weed control experiments carried out in tea plantations showed that diuron at doses 2·4, 3·2 and 4·8 lb/ac a.i. resulted in better and more persistent weed control than siamazine.
Shoot absorption experiments carried out on three tea jats, dark, medium and light, showed that the tea jats differed in their tolerance to both diuron and simazine, the light one being the most susceptible.
A difference IN the expression of phytotoxic effects between leaf and root absorption was observed for diuron only. At equivalent doses, 2-year-old plants were in general more susceptible to diuron than to simazine.
Diuron and simazine used alone at 2·4, 3·2 and 4·8 lb/ac a.i. or with addition of sodium chlorate at 6 lb/ac to improve the kill of emerged weeds, did not affect yield of either pruned unpruned 6-year-oId tea. Dalapon, on the other hand, at 6 lb/ac significantly reduced the yield of unpruned tea but not of pruned lea.
Le désherbage chimique du théè l'lle Maurice     

小麦禾谷孢囊线虫湖北群体活动期特性

小麦播种时定量接种禾谷孢囊线虫（ＣＣＮ）（Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｄｅｒａａｖｅｎａｅ）的孢囊,发芽生根后进行系统观察,结果表明,该线虫在小麦生长季节中完成１代,小麦播种后２５～３５ｄ是２龄幼虫入侵幼根的高峰期,１００～１２０ｄ根内出现３龄幼虫,１１０～１３０ｄ发育成４龄幼虫,１３０～１５０ｄ根表露出白色孢囊（雌虫）。受感染的麦根,侵染点首先变褐,进而肿大,常见分叉增多,形成须根团,ＣＣＮ多居于自然含磷,钾元     

GENETIC VARIATION IN SIMAZINE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT, RAPE AND MUSTARD

Summary. The resistance to simazine of a range of varieties of wheat ( Triticum aestivim L.), rape ( Brassica napus L.) and mustard ( Sinapis alba L.) was assessed in glasshouse tests Varietal differences in survival and final weight of survivors were found in all three crops Variability m the time for which individual plants survived was greatest in the two out-breeding crops, rape and mustard. The 1 % of mustard plants that survived 10 oz/a csimazine were allowed to produce seed in a polycross. These progenies showed a very marked increase m resistance over the unselected controls.
There is thus appreciable genetic variation in resistance to simazine both within and between varieties. This is readily available for selection, and could he valuable in extending the selectivity of herbicides.
Variation génétique de la resistance á la simazine chez le blé, le colza et la moutarde     

乌鲁木齐水磨河流域水体环境质量评价

本文据水磨河流域四个断面多年（８９－９２年０多种（２４种）成份的水质观测资料和水量观测资料,运用多种方法,详细进行了研究和评价。“评价”为国家水利部内陆河流水资源保护试点“水磨河流域水资源保护规划”研究课题的一部分,现摘要发表,以为参考。     

生物间遗传学在我国小麦叶锈病研究中的运用和发展

 本文指出了用传统的方法研究锈菌生理分化存在问题和用生物间遗传学的观点和方法加以改进.     

SEED PRODUCTION OF AGROPYRON REPENS (L.) BEAUV. IN ARABLE CROPS IN ENGLAND AND WALES IN 1969

Summary. Spikes oi Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. were collected from field crops (mostly spring barley and winter wheat) in England and Wales near the time of crop harvest. Seeds per spike were counted and their germination tested in soil in the glasshouse.
About 95% of the samples contained viable seeds; about one third of the samples had fewer than 5 viable seeds/spike, a third between 6 and 15 and a third more than 15. The average number of viable seeds/spike for all samples was 13. Spikes from spring barley (152 samples) had an average of 11 and a maximum of 51 viable seeds and those from winter wheat (42 samples), 20 and 48 respectively. Samples collected within 3 weeks after mid-July had fewer viable seeds/spike than those collected later. Samples containing morphologically-different spikes had more viable seeds/spike than apparently uniform samples, and spikes from dense field populations more seeds than those from sparse populations.     

国外除草剂应用趋势及我国杂草科学研究现状和发展方向

除草剂的应用在发达国家已相当普及,而且使用技术也随着农药化学工业的发展而不断改进,为了保护环境、保护人类健康和降低生产成本,国外除草剂应用研究正朝着科学地降低使用剂量的方向发展。本文在简述当今发达国家除草剂的应用趋势和回顾我国杂草科学研究进展的基础上,就我国杂草科学研究的发展方向提出了几点建议。