黑龙江省亚麻田间虫害种类及防治技术

根据黑龙江省亚麻田同虫害历年发生情况,针对亚麻主要虫害发生种类、发生危害情况进行了调查,介绍了田间主要害虫的危害、防治方法及亚麻常用杀虫剂特点与用法.     

冬亚麻害虫种类及其综合防治技术

对宾川地区冬亚麻常见害虫进行了调查,发现甜菜夜蛾、甘蓝夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、银纹夜蛾、小地老虎、菜青虫、烟青虫、美洲斑潜蝇等8种为该作物主要害虫,阐述了其发生为害特点,并制订出相应的综合防治措施.     

冬亚麻害虫种类及其综合防治技术

对宾川地区冬亚麻常见害虫进行了调查,发现甜菜夜蛾、甘蓝夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、银纹夜蛾、小地老虎、菜青虫、烟青虫、美洲斑潜蝇等8种为该作物主要害虫,阐述了其发生为害特点,并制订出相应的综合防治措施.     

亚麻枯萎病发生规律的研究

【目的】亚麻枯萎痛是亚麻主要病害之一，给亚麻生产带来较大的损失。研究亚麻枯萎病发生规律，为病害防治奠定基础。【方法】从亚麻不同播种密度、不同肥料、土壤湿度及重迎茬等备件，分析亚麻枯萎病发生规律。【结果]过剩的氯素将增加亚麻枯萎病感染率，而氮、磷、钾合理搭配施用有利于减轻亚麻枯萎病的发生；播种密度越大、土壤湿度越大、重茬年限越久亚麻枯萎病发生越严重。【结论】播种密度越大，枯萎病发生越严重；过剩的氮素将增加亚麻枯萎病感染率，而氟、磷、钾合理搭配施用，有利于减轻亚麻枯萎病的发生；土壤湿度越大亚麻枯萎病发生越严重：亚麻重迎茬可使枯萎病加重，重茬年限越久发病就越严重。     

云南宾川亚麻生产技术系列报道之七:纤用型亚麻白粉病综合防治技术初报

本文描述了亚麻白粉病田间症状,分析出本区亚麻白粉病发生条件,并研究出亚麻白粉病综合防治技术。     

亚麻细菌性病害发生及综合防治技术

本文描述了亚麻细菌性病害田间症状,分析了本区亚麻细菌性病害发生条件,并研究制订了有效的亚麻细菌性病害综合防治技术。     

云南宾川亚麻生产技术系列报道之七:纤用型亚麻白粉病综合防治技术初报

本文描述了亚麻白粉病田间症状,分析出本区亚麻白粉病发生条件,并研究出亚麻白粉病综合防治技术.     

亚麻细菌性病害发生及综合防治技术

本文描述了亚麻细菌性病害田间症状，分析了本区亚麻细菌性病害发生条件，并研究制订了有效的亚麻细菌性病害综合防治技术。     

亚麻白粉病发生规律研究

在亚麻生长季节定期定点观察亚麻白粉病发生程度，分析温度、湿度、光照等气象因素及不同播种密度和不同播期对亚麻白粉病害发生发展规律的研究。明确适宜亚麻白粉病发生流行的温度为20—25℃，过高或过低都会抑制其流行；在阴天、高湿条件下有利于亚麻发病与流行；播种密度越大、春季播种时期越晚，亚麻白粉病发病就越严重。     

纤用型亚麻白粉病综合防治技术初报

本文描述了亚麻白粉病田间症状，分析出本区亚麻白粉病发生条件，并研究出亚麻白粉病综合防治技术。     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.