设施大棚沙培番茄生产技术

番茄是一种广受人民群众喜爱的蔬菜,我国设施大棚番茄栽培面积逐渐扩大,但连作障碍影响了设施番茄产业的发展。沙培是一种以沙子为基质的无土栽培方式,对解决设施番茄连作障碍和提升番茄品质具有很好的作用。本文主要介绍了设施大棚番茄沙培技术、水肥管理技术和病虫害防治技术等内容,以期为设施大棚番茄生产提供一定的技术参考和借鉴。     

无公害番茄设施生产中后期管理技术

冬春保护地番茄生产一般在4月份以后便进入结果中后期.随着气温的上升以及植株生长势的逐步下降.生产上应特别注意水肥管理、植株调整、温湿度的合理控制及病虫害的防治.主要措施包括:     

大棚番茄水肥一体化技术应用探讨

伴随着我国城市化建进程的速度加快,水资源流失的情况逐年加剧,番茄作为可种植在沙地上的蔬菜之一,在灌溉和培养过程中水分和养分需求量和流失量都特别大。番茄水肥一体化的主要核心是把养分准确地输送到土壤中,同时,要用滴头等将水和化肥均匀、适量地输送至根区的一种新型农业科学技术。旨在探讨大棚番茄水肥一体化技术的应用,并将研究成果尽快应用到大棚番茄的种植上。     

大棚番茄栽培管理技术

我市近年来在种植大棚番茄方面取得了很大的进步,我市结合自身气候土地实际情况,改良了种植大棚西红柿的技术,扩大了种植大棚番茄的种植面积,实现了整年都有新鲜番茄上市这一目标,极大地提高了我市的经济效益。我们要把这一先进技术推广开来,让更多的人民受惠。     

设施大棚无公害秋延番茄栽培技术

无公害秋延番茄栽培是岐山县早春西瓜后茬反季节栽培的主要模式之一,是岐山县广大菜农增收的新亮点。围绕无公害、优质、高产、高效的目标,介绍了岐山县设施大棚无公害秋延番茄栽培技术。     

大棚番茄栽培管理技术

本文介绍了大棚番茄春季早熟栽培的管理技术,主要包括选品种,温室消毒,病虫害防治、采收等11个方面内容,以期为大棚番茄的春季早熟栽培提供参考。     

早春大棚番茄栽培管理技术

大棚番茄栽培应选择早熟品种。目前适栽的品种有上海903、早粉2号、佳红(F1)菜。强丰、中蔬4号、5号菜中晚熟非自封顶品种，由于果形、品质，丰产性能好，也可以留三穗果，提早摘心，进行早熟栽培。     

南方设施大棚番茄冬春大茬高效栽培技术

福建省沿海地区设施大棚番茄冬春大茬生产的生产期有8个月左右,每667 m2收入2.0万～2.5万元。该文从品种选择、播种育苗、整地定植、水肥管理、整枝打叶、吊蔓与落蔓、保花保果疏果、大棚温湿度管理、病虫害防治、适时采收等几个方面总结了南方设施大棚番茄冬春大茬高效栽培技术。     

无公害大棚番茄生产技术操作规程

1保护设施的规格要求 1．1塑料大棚大棚高1．5～2m、宽4～6m或高2．5～3m、宽6～12m，长度不限。     

设施番茄水肥一体化技术应用效果研究

对设施番茄水肥一体化技术的应用效果进行研究,结果表明:水肥一体化技术可实现番茄单次节水283.5 m3/hm2,番茄全生育期节水3 402 m3/hm2,节水率达到58.2%;节肥量1 170 kg/hm2,节肥率39.0%;增产12 375 kg/hm2,增产率达7.5%。     

东北日光温室番茄长季节栽培管理专家系统的研制

本文根据温室番茄长季节栽培技术经验,利用农业专家系统开发平台(单机版)PAID4.0,开发温室番茄长季节栽培管理专家系统.本系统包括番茄栽培管理、病虫害防治模块、248条规则.通过将专家研究成果与计算机的结合为温室番茄长季节高效栽培技术的推广提供了广阔的应用前景.     

西红柿大棚栽培

从品种选择、大棚建设、播种育苗到大田栽培各个环节,系统总结了大棚设施栽培西红柿的技术措施。     

潍坊市日光温室番茄栽培管理专家系统的研制

番茄是山东潍坊市目光温室生产中的主要作物之一,但实际生产中经验丰富的栽培技术专家的不足制约着目光温室番茄产量与品质的提高。该研究是基于北京农业信息技术研究中心提供的农业专家系统开发平台PAID3．0所进行二次开发的智能化的计算机辅助系统,包括目光温室番茄高产栽培的管理措施及病虫害的识别、为害特点、综合防治方法等。     

温室黄瓜有机生态型无土栽培技术研究

通过5年多的“温室黄瓜有机生态型无土栽培技术”生产实践，初步掌握并总结出了该栽培方式的关键技术，以期为温室黄瓜的优质高产栽培提供一些技术参考。     

腐殖酸复合生物肥对日光温室番茄增产增收效果的影响

为验证腐殖酸复合生物肥在日光温室番茄上的施用增产效果,选用液体冲施型腐殖酸复合生物肥,采用多处理随机区组试验,结果表明:常用肥+腐殖酸生物肥配施追肥与常用肥单施追肥比较,番茄的植物学性状、产量及经济效益均存在显著差异,常用肥+腐殖酸生物肥配合追施产量高达8697.62kg·(667 m2)-1,较常用肥单施追肥增产671.01kg·(667 m2)-1,增产率8.36%,收益达20544.28元/667m2,增收1580.4元/667m2,增加8.33%,增产增收效果明显,适宜在温室番茄生产上推广应用。     

Neural network modeling of greenhouse tomato yield, growth and water use from automated crop monitoring data

The recent development of tools to automatically monitor important crop attributes in situ such as yield, growth and water use offers an opportunity to relate real-time crop status to current environmental conditions. In this study, continuous minute-by-minute measurements of crop yield, growth and water use averaged over weekly, daily, or hourly intervals throughout the growing season were used to determine crop response to changes in the greenhouse environment. The data were obtained from crop monitoring stations established in both commercial and research greenhouses. Crop yield measurements obtained from the monitoring system were generally in very close agreement with yields recorded over a much larger area in the commercial greenhouse. Yield was more closely related (R² = 0.65) to radiation from the previous week than to radiation in the current week (R² = 0.56). In addition, a neural network (NN) model of yield which included radiation as an input was better at predicting yield in the following week (R² = 0.70) than yield in the current week (R² = 0.57). These results indicate a lag effect of radiation on yield. Similarly, yield was more positively related to growth from the previous week (R² = 0.32) than to growth from the current week (R² = 0.17). Neural network models of daily growth at both sites (R² = 0.74, 0.69) included day of the year, temperature and CO₂ as inputs. A negative relationship between day of the year and daily growth indicates a decline in crop vigor through the measurement period. Neural network models of daily crop water use for the two sites were stronger (R² = 0.91, 0.85) than those for growth, highlighting the difference in physiological complexity between the two. A model of canopy water status as affected by environmental conditions was generated using hourly measures of tomato canopy mass change. Although the rate of canopy mass gain through the day was often constant, there were days when the plant experienced periods of reduced mass gain mid-day. On those days, the amount of deviation from a constant rate was positively related to radiation, day temperature and water use, suggesting periods of water stress. With subsequent recovery of mass gain rates late afternoon, these deviations did not affect canopy growth for the day. Overall, automated monitoring provides new information on the crop which may readily be incorporated into models of crop performance.     

引进温室项目管理问题

上海引进荷兰和以色列温室蔬菜生产技术项目管理是提高上海蔬菜生产水平的措施之一.引进温室投资较高,有必要对引进温室加强管理,发挥引进温室功能,提高经济效益进行探索.文中提出了若干引进温室项目管理对策和建议.     

Decision support system for greenhouse seedling production

A decision support system was developed for greenhouse seedling production by incorporating tomato seedling growth models to attain the desired dry weight of tomato seedlings at the time of transplant. Tomato seedlings were produced in a greenhouse to develop growth models, which were divided into emergence, and post emergence. These mathematical models were used to develop a decision making process in the form of a DSS. The DSS was developed in visual basic 6.0. The DSS has two modules long term planning and daily temperature management. The former module deals with the long term planning of seedling production and advice on average temperature and supplementary light depending on users input, while the other module deals with daily temperature management and advice on hour to hour for temperature control strategies as per the prevailing environmental and greenhouse conditions, and required temperature conditions to achieve the predefined target of seedling growth in terms of days required for seedling production. The developed algorithms attempt to maximum use of ambient conditions and minimum use of supplementary expensive energy. The feature not only hardens the seedlings but also reduces the cost of seedlings hardening.     

复合基质在大棚番茄无土栽培上的应用研究

【目的】初步探讨发酵后的部分农业有机废弃物替代草炭在大棚番茄无土栽培中的应用效果。【方法】以番茄品种"金棚朝冠"为试材,采用金宝贝基质营养土发酵助剂发酵玉米秸秆、玉米芯、稻壳,与自然腐熟的牛粪和河沙按体积比组配成4种复合基质(基质A:60%玉米秸秆+20%河沙+20%牛粪;基质B:50%玉米秸秆+10%玉米芯+20%河沙+20%牛粪;基质C:50%玉米秸秆+10%稻壳+20%河沙+20%牛粪;基质D:40%玉米秸秆+10%玉米芯+10%稻壳+20%河沙+20%牛粪,以上均为体积分数),并配施烘干鸡粪和三元复合肥,以50%草炭+25%珍珠岩+25%蛭石(CK1)、常规土壤栽培(CK2)为对照,研究不同基质对春夏季大棚番茄生长特性、产量和品质的影响。【结果】栽培前,已添加等量基肥的4种复合基质,其容重、总孔隙度、pH值和EC值都在番茄无土栽培适宜的理想基质范围之内;在番茄定植后的整个生育期内,4种复合基质中只有基质B番茄的株高和茎粗接近于CK1和CK2;拉秧时基质B中番茄的根冠比最大;基质B的栽培效果在4种复合基质中最优,番茄产量仅比CK1和CK2分别减少1.1%和1.9%,番茄果实糖酸比和维生素C含量与CK2相比分别提高72.3%和13.0%,番茄果实硝酸盐含量与CK2相比极显著降低26.1%。【结论】复合基质B可以代替草炭用于大棚番茄的无土栽培,从而达到资源化利用农业废弃物,解决设施蔬菜生产过程中土壤盐渍化和连作障碍问题及提高果实品质的目的。     

日光温室不同番茄品种生长发育动态规律的研究

在日光温室对3个不同类型的番茄品种中杂9号、中杂11号和大红1号研究了长季节栽培中不同品种番茄形态发育的规律,通过对叶片数、花穗数、叶面积、座果率及株高与生长天数的关系,经过回归分析,建立了器官生长和生理生长天数的模型关系。其中叶片数、花穗数、株高等器官生长发育与生长天数表现为很好的线形关系,而座果率变化则呈现较明显的波动性。