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1.
Nine desert goats were used in a 3 x 3 Latin square design in which they were subjected to (a) ad libitum water and food (control), (b) ad libitum food and water restricted to about 40% of the control, and (c) ad libitum water and restricted food (same amount as given to group b). Parameters measured were dry matter intake (DMI), water intake, rectal temperature (Tr), respiration rate (RR), water balance and body weight (BW) changes. The acute effects of the above treatments on these parameters were monitored during the dry summer using two types of feed. The ratio of DMI to water intake decreased (p < 0.01) due to water restriction but increased (p < 0.01) with Lucerne hay compared to grass hay. With both feeds, BW decreased (p < 0.01) with water restriction, with a further decrease (p < 0.01) observed with food restriction. The control group showed a higher (p < 0.01) gain with Lucerne hay than grass hay. Tr and RR increased (p < 0.01) from morning to afternoon; Tr decreased due to food restriction during both morning and afternoon with Lucerne hay (p < 0.05) and grass hay (p < 0.05), whereas RR decreased (p < 0.01) with both types of feeds. For all groups of animals, Tr was higher (p < 0.05) with Lucerne hay than with grass hay, this effect being more pronounced (p < 0.01) with the control group. With both feeds, water restriction decreased (p < 0.01) water turnover rate and evaporative losses, with decreased (p < 0.05) faecal losses observed in the water-restricted groups on Lucerne hay but higher (p < 0.05) losses of urine. The tolerance of desert goats to thermal stress and their coping with shortage of water and food depended on their capacity to lose heat through panting and cutenaous evaporation as well as their ability to concentrate urine.  相似文献   

2.
培养液体积对牛卵泡卵母细胞IVM效果的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究了不同的培养液体积 ( 10 0 μl、40 0 μl、2ml)对牛卵泡卵母细胞的体外成熟及随后的发育能力的影响。结果表明 ,采用四孔培养板用 40 0 μl培养液 (上覆灭菌矿物油 )培养卵母细胞 ,其体外成熟率及发育率与微滴 ( 10 0 μl)培养的相应指标无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但二者均显著优于 2ml体积的培养体系  相似文献   

3.
不同添加成分对绵羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
卵母细胞体外成熟是胚胎工程中的一项基础性研究。试验比较了不同添加成分对绵羊卵母细胞的体外成熟及其后续发育的影响。分析了EGF不同添加量、FSH∶LH的不同配比和不同大小卵泡的卵泡液对绵羊卵母细胞的体外成熟的影响。结果表明,①添加30ng/mLEGF的成熟率显著高于其他试验组(85.0%VS60.0%,71.7%,72.7%,P〈0.05),并可提高绵羊孤雌激活胚的囊胚发育率;②成熟液中添加FSH1μg/mL,LH5.0IU/mL成熟率最高;③在绵羊卵母细胞成熟液中添加3%绵羊大卵泡液,在成熟率上极显著高于20%小卵泡液的添加组(78.6%VS36.5%,P〈0.01),显著高于3%小卵泡液的添加组和未添加组(78.6%VS60.0%,67.5%,P〈0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
选择5月龄胎儿水牛的卵巢,采用石蜡切片、HE染色的光镜观察和DNA末端原位标记技术(TUNEL)进行了研究。结果表明:5月龄胎儿卵巢上分布着大量的凋亡细胞;在皮质部存在的大量腔前卵泡中,均匀分布有单个凋亡的卵泡细胞和卵母细胞,凋亡细胞的主要组织学变化是细胞缩小,核浓缩;DNA末端标记变化主要显示出TUNEL阳性。上述结果提示:水牛卵泡细胞和卵母细胞凋亡在胎儿时期已经存在,细胞凋亡是启动水牛腔前卵泡闭锁的潜在机理。  相似文献   

5.
    
The feeding value of five browse foliages (Acacia brevispica, Acacia mellifera, Berchemia discolor, Zizyphus mucronata and Maerua angolensis) grown in semiarid area of Kenya were evaluated. Their chemical composition including polyphenolics and in vitro gas production characteristics were determined. The biological activity of the polyphenolics was assessed as the increases in gas production profiles and in vitro true dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility after in vitro incubation with or without addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a tannin binding reagent. The intake and palatability ranking of the browse foliages by goats and sheep were also investigated. The browse foliages had variable crude protein content (149.5–248.6 g/kg DM) and variable content of neutral detergent fiber (205.1–424.0 g/kg DM). The content of total extractable tannins was generally low (2.4–34.8 g/kg DM). At 24 h of incubation, Z. mucronata produced the highest gas volume, while after 48 h of incubation, B. discolor produced the highest gas volume. M. angolensis had the least gas production potential within the browse foliages. Addition of PEG increased gas production except in A. mellifera and M. angolensis. However, PEG addition did not have any significant effect on in vitro true DM and OM digestibility except in B. discolor, which decreased. The rank order of preference (highest to least) for goats was A. brevispica, Z. mucronata, B. discolor, A. mellifera and M. angolensis while the rank order of preference for sheep was A. brevispica, B. discolor, A. mellifera, Z. mucronata and M. angolensis. The goats had higher intakes of all the browse foliages than sheep. The result of this study highlights the higher feeding value of the browse species as supplemental feed with low quality basal diet with both of animal species except M. angolensis.  相似文献   

6.
本试验以屠宰场绒山羊卵巢为材料,采用抽吸法收集不同直径卵泡卵母细胞,研究卵泡直径对卵母细胞回收效果和体外成熟、体外受精的影响。结果表明,卵泡直径直接影响卵母细胞的回收效果及随后的体外成熟、体外受精;卵母细胞的回收率和可用卵的比率及成熟率与卵泡直径呈正相关;直径2.1~5 mm卵泡的卵母细胞由于处于生长旺盛期,受精率和卵裂率分别为59.15%和42.50%,显著高于直径5 mm卵泡和≤2 mm卵泡,适合体外胚胎的生产,而直径≤2 mm卵泡的卵母细胞因未发育充分体外发育潜能最差;直径5 mm卵泡的卵母细胞可能因体外培养成熟过度而老化导致受精率和卵裂率降低,缩短其体外成熟时间可能会提高其体外发育潜能。  相似文献   

7.
用切割法采集卵泡液,收集卵丘一卵母细胞复合体(Cumulus oocytes comlexs,COCs)和自然裸卵,将部分COCs去除卵丘细胞获得机械裸卵,COCs放入体外成熟培养液中培养为成熟卵母细胞,加入获能的精子液,进行体外受精。结果表明:卵母细胞的体外成熟率和卵裂率与卵泡直径密切相关,大卵泡(80.95%,P〈0.01)和中等卵泡(75.50%,P〈0.05)的卵母细胞成熟率高于小卵泡(50.27%);犬卯泡(53.53%)和中等卵泡(47.13%)的卵裂率显著高于小卵泡的32.26%(P〈0.05)。COCs、机械裸卵和自然裸卵的体外成熟率分别为75.0%、54.2%和10.5%,差异极显著(P〈0.01),卵裂率分别为53.8%、10.8%和0%,差异极显著(P〈0.01)。对照组和1×10^5、1×10^6个/mL颗粒细胞组卵母细胞体外成熟率分别为68.6%、69.6%和67.8%,无显著差异(P〉0.05),但均显著高于1×10^7个/mL(51.5%,P〈0.05)和1×10^10个/mL(35.5%,P〈0.05)颗粒细胞组,但各组间的体外受精率无显著差异(P〉0.05)。结果提示,大卵泡和中卵泡的卵母细胞的体外成熟率和卵裂率显著高于小卵泡,体外成熟培养液中添加高浓度的颗粒细胞能显著抑制卵母细胞的体外成熟。  相似文献   

8.
We tested FSHp, eCG and FSHp + eCG to establish ovum pick-up (OPU) and in vitro maturation method in spotted paca. Eight healthy adult females were subjected to each of four treatments to stimulate ovarian follicular growth. All females were subjected to a hormonal protocol using a single dose of 45 mg of injectable progesterone and single intramuscular injection of 0.075 mg d-cloprostenol on day 6. Ovarian stimulation was carried out as follows: in Group TFE (FSHp and eCG), animals were treated with a single dose of 80 mg of FSHp and 200 IU of eCG intramuscularly on day 6 after the application of progesterone; in Group TF (FSHp), they were treated with a single dose of 80 mg of FSHp intramuscularly on day 6 after application of progesterone; in Group treatment eCG, they were treated with 200 IU of eCG intramuscularly on day 6 after application of progesterone; and in Group TC (saline solution), 1 ml of saline solution was administered to control does. The OPU was performed between 22 and 26 hr after gonadotropin treatments. All recovered oocytes were placed into maturation media and incubated for 24 hr. There were no differences among the mean number of observed follicles, aspirated follicles and oocytes recovered per treatment. Oocyte maturation rates did not differ among groups, except, TF and treatment eCG oocytes had greater maturation rates than TC oocytes. In this study, gonadotropin administration failed to superovulate treated does and increase oocyte retrieval efficiency. Despite the feasibility of the procedure, further studies are needed to develop and refine hormonal protocols for oocyte recovery and in vitro maturation in this species.  相似文献   

9.
研究目的在于探讨在成熟过程中添加牛血清和猪卵泡液对猪卵母细胞核成熟、卵丘细胞扩散及体外受精后早期胚胎发育的影响。卵母细胞·卵丘细胞复合体在含FSH和LH的以下处理组的成熟液中成熟培养 2 3~ 2 4h :(1)对照组-改良TCM - 199+0 .1%PVA ;(2 )试验组 1-改良TCM - 199+10 %新生牛血清 ;(3)试验组 2 -改良TCM - 199+10 %猪卵泡液 ,再移至无FSH和LH的不同处理组的成熟液中成熟培养 2 3~ 34h。试验 1中 ,卵母细胞在 4 6~ 4 8h成熟培养后 ,观察卵丘细胞扩散情况 ,并对卵母细胞进行固定和染色 ,鉴定卵母细胞减数分裂情况 :试验 2中 ,对在不同处理组的成熟液中成熟培养 4 6~ 4 8h的卵母细胞进行体外受精 ,再培养 8d。受精后第 2天检查分裂率、第 6天检查桑椹胚 /囊胚率、第 8天检查囊胚率。 4 6~ 4 8h成熟培养后试验组 1和试验组 2的大部分卵母细胞 -卵丘细胞复合体的卵丘细胞完全扩散 ,而对照组的卵丘细胞只有 5 0 %扩散。试验组 1和试验组 2的卵母细胞核成熟率分别为 39.9% (77/ 193)和 4 4 .3% (93/ 2 10 ) ,与对照组的卵母细胞核成熟率 4 8.1% (99/ 2 0 6 )相比没有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。卵母细胞分裂率试验组 1(5 0 .0± 1.8) %和试验组 2 (49.9± 2 .6 ) %与对照组的卵母细胞分裂率 (49.0± 2  相似文献   

10.
本试验以辽宁绒山羊卵巢为研究对象,研究不同激素处理对羔羊卵泡发育的影响,比较了羔羊超排处理后与普通成年母羊卵巢内的卵母细胞体外成熟过程的差异,同时还对比了不同配方的培养液对羔羊卵母细胞体外成熟率的影响。结果表明,辽宁绒山羊母羔早期利用采卵的最佳时期为5~6周龄,体重在5.6~7.5 kg之间;母羔最佳的超数排卵方案是依次注射FSH 40 mg 3次、PMSG 400 IU 1次,间隔时间12 h;在成熟培养液中添加12 mg/mL的BSA可以替代血清培养液(10% FBS),不影响卵母细胞最终成熟;母羔卵母细胞体外成熟率显著低于成年母羊。  相似文献   

11.
探讨了两种不同成分成熟液配方(I:含PMSG、hCG、pFF与II:含FSH、LH)对猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活发育能力的影响。结果表明:当卵母细胞分别在I和II液中成熟培养42 h后,卵母细胞存活率差异不显著(82.66%∶83.5%)(P>0.05)。对成熟卵母细胞孤雌激活后体外培养结果表明:I成熟培养组的卵母细胞卵裂率低于II成熟培养组(69.44%∶78.38%)(P<0.05)。但两组卵母细胞经144 h培养后囊胚发育率差异不显著(35.0%∶32.04%,P>0.05)。由此可知:采用不含pFF、化学成分已知的成熟液可以满足猪卵母细胞体外成熟和卵母细胞孤雌激活后的正常发育。  相似文献   

12.
    
This study examined the effects of adding forage legumes as protein supplements to poor-quality natural pasture (veld) hay offered to goats on microbial protein yield and nitrogen metabolism. Four indigenous Nguni-type goats were used in a 4×4 Latin cross-over design experiment. Goats were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments comprising commercial goat feed (GF), veld hay supplemented with cowpea (CW), velvetbean (VB) or silverleaf desmodium (SD). Microbial protein yields were determined using the purine derivatives technique and nitrogen retention was calculated from the digestible organic matter intake. Total nitrogen intake was significantly higher in the GF followed by CW, SD and VB, respectively. Microbial protein supply, calculated microbial true protein and digestible microbial true protein were affected (P<0.05) by legume supplementation. Animals on poor-quality forages had the most efficient microbial protein synthesis. However, supplementation of hay failed to meet the maintenance requirements of animals as evidenced by negative nitrogen balances in VB and SD. The efficiency of utilisation of nitrogen in the supplements could have been limited by unavailable fermentable metabolisable energy in the diets. Supplementation of poor-quality veld hay with legume forages could improve utilisation, especially in the dry season.  相似文献   

13.
试验旨在研究育肥期波本杂肉羊能量和蛋白质营养需要量参数,筛选出一个最佳能量和蛋白质搭配的饲料配方,为科学饲养提供理论依据和生产指导。试验选择16只3月龄断奶波隆杂交F1代公羔,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以NRC(1981)营养需要推荐量为参考设计了低能低氮、高能低氮、低能高氮和高能高氮(NRC)4种能氮比日粮,分别为日粮1、2、3和日粮4。试验结果表明,舍饲波隆杂交羔羊育肥期对象草 玉米型日粮干物质采食量与代谢体重和日增重的关系为:DMI(g/d)=181.3W0.75-0.61ΔW-886.2(r=0.9287);舍饲波隆杂羔羊育肥期粗蛋白质(CP)、总能(GE)、消化能(DE)需要量的估测模型分别为:CP(g/d)=19.56 W0.75+0.25ΔW-128.6(r=0.7836),GE(MJ/d)=2.98 W0.75+0.023ΔW-18.69(r=0.8257),DE(MJ/d)=1.26 W0.75-.006ΔW-3.56(r=0.6236);3~6月龄舍饲育肥期波隆杂羔羊,日粮总能代谢率平均为0.49%,粗蛋白质的消化率平均为0.63%,每增重1 g体沉积蛋白质需要量为0.32 g。  相似文献   

14.
为了促进广西隆林山羊杂交改良技术的应用,提高隆林山羊的生产效益,本研究以努比亚山羊、隆林山羊及努隆杂交F1代(努比亚山羊♂×隆林山羊♀)为研究对象,所有山羊都在相同水平下进行饲养管理,选取3个群体共205只山羊,分别对1、3、6月龄山羊的生产性能及体尺指标进行测定,选取6只6月龄的父母代及杂交F1代进行屠宰,取其背最长肌进行肉品质分析。结果表明,努隆杂交F1代经产母羊的产羔率、羔羊成活率与父母代差异不显著(P>0.05),初生重、不同月龄体尺指标与父母代差异极显著(P<0.01),努隆杂交F1代宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重、屠宰率、净肉率较隆林山羊都有显著提高(P<0.05),肌肉粗蛋白质含量、肌内脂肪含量、必需氨基酸、风味氨基酸、游离脂肪酸与父母代均有不同程度的提高。因此,努比亚山羊在改善隆林山羊体型、生长速度和肉品质上综合表现良好。  相似文献   

15.
    
The N and energy utilization of diets with different legume seeds was analysed in lactating goats. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were used and in each case 30% of the protein was supplied by one of four different legume seeds: lupins (L), faba beans (FB), bitter vetch (BV) and vetch (V). A group of eight Granadina goats, allocated to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin Square, were used. The N and energy utilization of the different diets may be considered adequate; milk N/intake N was approximately 0.20, milk N/N balance was approximately 0.50 and milk energy/metabolizable energy was approximately 0.30. Under similar N and energy intakes, faecal and urinary excretion of N and the quantities in milk did not vary significantly. However, the partition of the N balance between milk production and deposit within the body varied depending on the diet. Although this N available to the metabolism was the highest for the FB diet, the quantity of this directed to milk was the lowest. Finally, the faecal and urinary excretion with respect to the quantity directed to milk production did not vary significantly among the different diets.  相似文献   

16.
    
Ovarian xenografting makes it possible to obtain oocytes with fertilization ability from immature pigs of Western breeds. In this study, we applied these methods to the Meishan, an indigenous Chinese pig breed, and investigated the developmental competence of oocytes grown in their neonatal tissue after grafting into nude mice. First, mice harboring neonatal ovarian tissue were infused with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (62.5 U/ml) for 13 days starting at 10, 30, and 60 days after vaginal opening (D10‐, D30‐, and D60‐FSH groups, respectively). Development of antral follicles and their oocytes was most enhanced in the D60‐FSH group. For the next step, we examined the in vitro maturation ability of the oocytes recovered from host mice after infusion with FSH at a dose of 62.5 U/ml or 125 U/ml (FSH‐62.5 or ‐125 group) for 13 days starting at 60 days after vaginal opening. Many more oocytes with maturation ability were obtained from the FSH‐125 group. The FSH‐125 mature oocytes were fertilized in vitro, as shown by formation of male and female pronuclei, but did not reach the blastocyst stage. These results indicate that Meishan neonatal ovaries are able to produce oocytes with fertilization ability after being grafted into nude mice.  相似文献   

17.
试验旨在研究不同营养水平日粮对海南黑山羊肥育羔羊生长性能和器官指数的影响。采用2×3析因设计,将24只3月龄、体重为(10.56±1.28)kg海南黑山羊随机分成6个处理组,每个处理组4只羊(公、母各半),每只羊为1个重复。6个不同营养水平精饲料处理组分别为:试验1组粗蛋白质(CP)水平为15%、消化能(DE)水平为11.72 MJ/kg,试验2组CP 15%、DE 12.55 MJ/kg,试验3组CP 15%、DE 13.39 MJ/kg,试验4组CP 17%、DE 11.72 MJ/kg,试验5组CP 17%、DE 12.55 MJ/kg,试验6组CP 17%、DE 13.39 MJ/kg,试验期90 d。结果表明,精饲料粗蛋白质水平对试验羊平均日增重影响显著(P<0.05),17% CP日粮组试验羊有较高的平均日增重(P<0.05)和较低的料重比(P<0.05);日粮精饲料蛋白质和能量水平对心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胃的脏器指数影响均不显著(P>0.05),随着精饲料消化能水平的增加,肠道的脏器指数逐渐减小(P<0.05)。结果提示,补饲不同营养水平精饲料对3月龄海南黑山羊育肥期羔羊平均日增重和料重比均有显著影响(P<0.05),对黑山羊肠道重量及肠道器官指数影响显著(P<0.05),而对其他内脏器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

18.
    
In vivo matured oocytes collected by laparoscopic follicular aspiration (LFA) from hormone treated female goats were used as recipient ooplasts for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Japanese native (Shiba) goats were used as donor females and some donor females were used repeatedly (two or three times) at intervals of a few months. To induce synchronization of estrus, a sponge containing 0.5 g of progesterone was inserted into the vagina of each goat for 14 days. These animals were also treated with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in a series of 8 injections over 4 days. The first FSH injection was administered on the morning of day 9 of sponge insertion. On the morning of day 13, 50 µg of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) was injected into each animal. Twenty‐nine hours after GnRH injection, LFA was performed. After removal of cumulus cells, collected oocytes with the first polar body were selected and enucleated for nuclear transfer. Anterior pituitary cells isolated from an adult male Shiba goat were transfected with a DNA fragment containing the enhanced green flourescent protein gene and the puromycin resistance gene. A single donor cell was inserted into the perivitelline space of each enucleated oocyte and fusion was induced with one electric pulse of 20 V for 10 µs. The SCNT goat eggs were cultured in chemically defined medium at 38.5°C in 5% CO2, 5% O2, 90% N2 for 9 days. By LFA, 396 oocytes were collected from a total of 30 females. After removal of cumulus cells, 64% of them extruded the first polar body. The percentage of SCNT goat eggs produced using in vivo matured oocytes which developed to the blastocyst stage (20–21%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that produced with in vitro matured oocytes (3–8%).  相似文献   

19.
【目的】试验旨在比较努贵杂交F1代羊(努比亚山羊♂×贵州黑山羊♀)与纯繁贵州黑山羊的屠宰性能及肉品质;探究使用努比亚山羊与贵州黑山羊杂交对贵州黑山羊生产性能的改良效果。【方法】选取同期出生的努贵杂交F1代羊和贵州黑山羊公羔羊各30只;记录其初生重;保持同一饲养环境下饲养;测量3、6、9和12月龄的体重及体尺指标。随机选取14月龄努贵杂交F1代羊与贵州黑山羊各7只进行屠宰;测定屠宰性能;同时采集背最长肌组织;测定肉质性状并检测肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸的含量。【结果】①努贵杂交F1代羊3、6、9和12月龄体重均显著高于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);且各体尺性状在12月龄时均显著高于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);②努贵杂交F1代羊屠宰率、净肉率、胴体净肉率和眼肌面积均显著高于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);③努贵杂交F1代羊肌肉剪切力和滴水损失均显著低于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);熟肉率显著高于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);④努贵杂交F1代羊与贵州黑山羊背最长肌组织中均检测出17种氨基酸和37种脂肪酸;其中赖氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸以及油酸、亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量均显著高于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);精氨酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量均显著低于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05);饱和脂肪酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05);单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著高于贵州黑山羊(P<0.05)。【结论】努比亚山羊与贵州黑山羊杂交可以显著提高F1代羊的生长速度和产肉性能;并改善了肉品质。  相似文献   

20.
改良奶山羊公羔肥育的肉用性能研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
用80只改良奶山羊断奶公羔,分四组日粮比较其肥育的肉用性能,结果表明,第三组效果较好。四组试验羊8月龄宰前重平均达到了27.60±1.44千克,胴体重12.56±1.07千克,净肉重9.05±0.73千克,眼肌面积11.52±1.50平方厘米,屠宰率45.45±1.45%,肉骨比3.32±0.13,净肉率34.35±0.96%。混合肉样的失水率为20.10%,弹硬度58.20%,干物质27.21%,粗脂肪12.86%,粗蛋白14.49%。肾脂中亚油酸(C_(18:2))占3.67%,眼肌中为5.85%,股二头肌中含8.57%。肉样中含量丰富的氨基酸有丙氨酸(32.5%),赖氨酸(8.6%),甘氨酸(8.6%),亮氨酸(6.3%),脯氨酸(4.6%),其中必需氨基酸含50.61%。以上这些特点在营养中具有重要作用。分析还表明,奶山羊公羔肥育的经济效益显著。  相似文献   

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