吉林29号大豆新品种简介

吉林２９号大豆新品种简介吉林２９号大豆新品种是吉林省农科院大豆所通过品种间有性杂交，以公交７４２４－８作母本，辽豆３号作父本，经多年选育而成。原品系编号为公交８３４７－２６，１９９３年经吉林省农作物品种审定委员会审定，确定为推广品种。该品种的主要特点...     

大豆新品种“保豆3号”选育及栽培技术

"保豆3号"是从中作01-03中选择变异单株,经系统选育培育的高产大豆新品种。2012年2月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为冀审豆2012003号。介绍了其选育经过、特征特性和配套栽培技术。     

高产大豆新品种连豆1号的选育及栽培技术

连豆1号大豆新品种是瓦房店市农业技术推广中心于1988年以瓦8813大豆为母本、凤交66-12为父本进行有性杂交经过多年选育而成的.突出特点是高产、抗病.2001年通过辽宁省品种审定委员会审定,命名为连豆1号.     

高产优质抗病大豆新品种邯豆1O

高产优质大豆新品种邯豆10是邯郸市农业科学院以鲁豆11为母本、自选品种邯豆三号为父本,根据性状互补的原则组配杂交组合．选育出的适合河北省种植的高产（产量超对照品种8％左右）、优质、抗病性强的大豆新品种．2011年通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号：冀审豆2011002）,适宜河北省中北部春播种植。     

高蛋白大豆中黄42产量表现及栽培技术

中黄42是中国农科院作物所以诱处4号为母本、锦豆33号为父本杂交选育出的大豆新品种,2007年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。2010年通     

大粒型大豆品种鲁黄1号的选育及推广应用

鲁黄1号是山东圣丰种业科技有限公司以跃进5号为母本、以早熟豆1号为父本进行杂交组合,经系谱法选育而成,2009年通过国家审定,审定编号2009016。2年来已累计建立繁育基地3333hm~2,累计推广面积6.67万hm~2。为豫、冀、晋、鲁、陕大豆种植区提供了高产、优质、高抗大豆新品种。鲁黄1号是目前黄淮海中片国家审定的最受欢迎的大豆新品种。     

铁豆37号大豆新品种选育

铁豆37号是辽宁省铁岭市大豆科学研究所选育的高产大豆新品种.该品种具有高产、优质、稳产、增产潜力大、抗病及抗性强、适应区域广等特点,2005年12月经辽宁省品种审定委员会审定通过.     

夏大豆新品种山宁12号

早熟、优质、高产夏大豆新品种山宁12号是山东省济宁市农业科学院和济宁市益农高新农技事务所选育的早熟优质夏大豆新品种,原代号JN9843-06(豆交78号).2005年3月经山东省农作物品种审定委员会通过审定.全生育期在100 d左右.三年平均蛋白质含量为41.96%,脂肪21.39%,为优质双高品种,其籽粒圆形,整齐均匀,脐色浅褐色,商品性好.     

高产鲜食大豆新品种七星一号

七星一号是抚顺市农业科学研究院从台湾75变异株系选育而成的高产鲜食大豆新品种,于2007年11月通过国家品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为国审豆2007021。     

套作高蛋白夏大豆新品种南夏豆46的选育及栽培技术

南夏豆46是由南充市农业科学院选育的超高蛋白夏大豆新品种。2022年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为川审豆20223003。2019—2020年参加四川省特殊类型套作大豆自主区域试验,两年平均产量1 451.7 kg·hm^-2,较对照贡选1号增产3.0%;2021年参加套作大豆生产试验,平均产量1 462.05 kg·hm^-2,较对照贡选1号增产4.5%。籽粒粗蛋白质含量45.4%,粗脂肪含量16.7%,属高蛋白大豆新品种。抗性鉴定结果：中感SC3、感SC7大豆花叶病毒生理小种。种皮黑色,是四川省第一个通过套作审定的黑皮大豆新品种。2021年参加四川省净作大豆品种展示比较试验,平均产量2 227.5 kg·hm^-2,较对照南夏豆25增产9.2%,增产显著,适宜净作。适宜在四川省平坝、丘陵及类似生态区套作和净作种植。     

Comparative Assessment of the Efficacy of Various Nitrogen Fertilizers

Summary

The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices.     

Studies on natural repellents against potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) in country stores

Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong (1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage, sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over 45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield of a subsequent crop.     

Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets

Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity.     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of different accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. from Uruguay

Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds.     

Extreme resistance to infection by potato virus X in genotypes of wild tuber-bearingSolanum species

Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta. Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X¹ (also called RX_act).     

Cyanobacteria Secondary Metabolites as Biotechnological Ingredients in Natural Anti-Aging Cosmetics: Potential to Overcome Hyperpigmentation,Loss of Skin Density and UV Radiation-Deleterious Effects

The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O₂^•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O₂^•− scavenging, (IC₅₀ = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC₂₅ = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC₅₀ = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC₅₀ = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O₂^•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms.     

Marine Pharmacology in 2009–2011: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial,Antidiabetic, Antifungal,Anti-Inflammatory,Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis,and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems,and other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action ?

The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories.     

Recent Modifications of Chitosan for Adsorption Applications: A Critical and Systematic Review

Chitosan is considered to be one of the most promising and applicable materials in adsorption applications. The existence of amino and hydroxyl groups in its molecules contributes to many possible adsorption interactions between chitosan and pollutants (dyes, metals, ions, phenols, pharmaceuticals/drugs, pesticides, herbicides, etc.). These functional groups can help in establishing positions for modification. Based on the learning from previously published works in literature, researchers have achieved a modification of chitosan with a number of different functional groups. This work summarizes the published works of the last three years (2012–2014) regarding the modification reactions of chitosans (grafting, cross-linking, etc.) and their application to adsorption of different environmental pollutants (in liquid-phase).