Carcinogenic substances from pituitary glands of cattle

Lipid extracts from the pituitary gland of cattle were prepared which, when injected into a pure strain of white mice, caused development of malignant tumors in 26.8 per cent of the 67 animals injected, which corresponds with the numerical results obtained by investigators working with human liver extracts. Evidently the carcinogenic power of these lipid extracts is low. The tumors developed chiefly in organs at a distance from the site of injection, exhibiting various histological types including carcinoma as well as sarcoma. The tumors developed at an earlier date after injection of extracts from the anterior lobe as compared with those developing after injection of the posterior lobe extracts, the average period of time necessary for their development being 9.3 months for the anterior lobe extracts and 14 months for posterior lobe extracts.     

Free beta-hydroxy-gamma-aminobutyric acid in brain

By using the methods of paper chromatography and high-potential paper electrophoresis and by comparing the pattern of prepared extracts with that of synthesized beta-hydroxy-gamma-aminobutyric acid, we found that free beta-hydroxy-gamma-aminobutyric acid exists in the brains of mice, rabbits, cattle, and human beings.     

Peripherally applied Abeta-containing inoculates induce cerebral beta-amyloidosis

The intracerebral injection of β-amyloid-containing brain extracts can induce cerebral β-amyloidosis and associated pathologies in susceptible hosts. We found that intraperitoneal inoculation with β-amyloid-rich extracts induced β-amyloidosis in the brains of β-amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice after prolonged incubation times.     

单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌人工感染绵羊试验

将从病羊脑分离纯化的单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌经静脉接种于健康美利奴绵羊 3只 ,结果被感染绵羊均表现出与自然感染绵羊相同的临床症状和病理变化 ,并从脑、心血、淋巴结中回收到了单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌 ,从而证明了该分离株单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌具有较强的致病性。     

Autoradiographic localization of radioactivity in rat brain after injection of tritiated sex hormones

Radioactivity was found in cell bodies of neurons and glial cells throughout brains of male and female rats that had been injected with either testosterone-H(3) or estradiol-H(3). Uptake by limbic and hypothalamic structures was higher and longer lasting than that in nonlimbic structures. In all brains, the preoptic area, prepiriform cortex, olfactory tubercle, and septum had particularly high, long-lasting uptake of both hormones.     

稻瘟病菌粗毒素的制备及其对水稻毒性的测定

PO_9稻瘟病原菌的菌丝悬浮液和孢子悬浮液,经无菌滤取和高压灭菌制备成稻瘟病菌粗毒素。采用浸根处理、心叶注射、叶肉注射、穗苞注射和叶面喷布5种方法,测定所制备的2种粗毒素对水稻的毒性。结果表明,本试验制备的粗毒素对水稻的根、叶、穗的幼嫩组织有较强的毒性;粗毒素经高温高压后,毒性略有减低;不同材料制备的粗毒素对水稻的毒性以菌丝悬浮液的较强。文中还讨论了稻瘟病菌毒素的毒性、制备及应用等。     

An examination of "transfer of learning" by nucleic Acid

Nucleic acid extracted from brains of trained animals and injected intraperitoneally into naive animals produced no "transfer of learning" effect on several tasks under many conditions. P(325)-Labeled RNA was not found in the brain after intraperitoneal administration. Even intraventricular injections of nucleic acid produced no "transfer" effect.     

Nuclear localization of histamine in neonatal rat brain

The concentration of histamine in the brains of neonatal rats is considerably higher than that in adults. Subcellular fractionation studies revealed that about 90 percent of the histamine content of neonatal rat brain is confined to the crude nuclear fraction obtained by differential fractionation. Purified nuclei prepared from these fractions retained 90 percent of their histamine content. The nuclear localization of histamine in the brains of neonatal rats suggests a function for histamine in modulating the growth processes of the neonatal brain.     

鹅脾脏非特异性转移因子的粗提取与活性鉴定

[目的]从鹅脾脏中提取非特异性转移因子并对其进行活性鉴定。[方法]采用透析法,从鹅脾脏中粗提取转移因子,研究其对机体的免疫力的影响。[结果]获得的鹅非特异性转移因子粗提物澄清透明、微黄色、无毒,不含大分子蛋白质,pH 6.72,小分子多肽含量为23.78μg/ml。雏鸭免疫抗体水平检测试验结果显示:用鸭传染性浆膜炎灭活苗与TF粗提液同时免疫的鸭群抗体滴度显著高于注射生理盐水的对照组。仅注射灭活苗的鸭群抗体滴度与对照组鸭群差异显著。这说明鹅脾脏转移因子粗提液对增强机体的免疫力具有一定作用。[结论]该试验为进一步研究鹅脾脏非特异性转移因子的生物学活性与应用提供理论依据和技术参考。     

Differential-approach tendencies produced by injection of RNA from trained rats

Two groups of rats were trained in a Skinner box to approach the food cup when a discriminative stimulus (click or blinking light) was presented. Ribonucleic acid was extracted from the brains of these two groups of rats and injected into two groups of untrained rats. The untrained two groups then manifested a significant tendency (as compared with one another) to react differently to the two stimuli. On the average, the response appeared to be specific to the stimulus employed during training.     

Effect of electroconvulsive shock on an extinguished "fear" response

To test Gellhorn's hypothesis that electroconvulsive shock reinstates extinguished responses, a conditioned "anxiety" response was established and then extinguished in rats. A series of treatments did not restore the extinguished "anxiety" response; in fact, control animals showed appreciable spontaneous recovery of the "anxiety" response while treated animals did not.     

哈氏弧菌诱导布氏石斑鱼头肾提取物的抗菌活性研究

以致病性哈氏弧菌（Vibrio harveyi）腹腔注射布氏石斑鱼（Epinephelus bleekeri）18h后,取布氏石斑鱼头肾制备头肾粗提物,并对该粗提物的抗菌活性进行研究,结果表明：布氏石斑鱼经哈氏弧菌诱导后,其头肾粗提物不仅对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphyloccocus aureus）等革兰氏阳性菌有良好抑制作用,而且对大肠杆菌D31（Escherichio coli D31）、哈氏弧菌和溶藻弧菌（V.alginolyticus）等革兰氏阴性菌也有良好抑制效果;利用电泳凝胶琼脂糖弥散法检测发现,头肾粗提物中具有多种对大肠杆菌D31有较强作用效果的蛋白类抗菌物质;切胶回收AU—PAGE凝胶上的抗菌组分,利用SDS—PAGE凝胶检测各抗菌活性组分的分子质量大小依次约为：10．9KD,10．0KD,8．1KD,7．2KD,6．3KD,由于这些抗菌活性成分可被蛋白酶破坏,且分子质量均接近或低于10KD,可初步将其认定为抗菌肽。     

香椿提取物对玉米象的生物活性

[目的]研究香椿提取物对玉米象的驱避活性和触杀活性。[方法]选用95%乙醇、石油醚和二氯甲烷分别萃取香椿树叶和树皮的活性成分,配制成0.60、0.30、0.15g/ml3种浓度对玉米象进行室内生物活性研究。[结果]香椿叶石油醚提取物对玉米象具有较强的驱避作用,香椿的3种溶剂提取物对玉米象没有明显的触杀活性。[结论]香椿石油醚提取液对玉米象具有一定的驱避活性。     

4种茶叶水提物对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的作用

采用小鼠体内试验和体外试验,利用Marc–145细胞体外培养系统,通过观察细胞病变来评价茶叶水提物对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)繁殖的抑制作用。改变加入茶叶水提取物的方式(茶叶水提物先与病毒感作后接种细胞、茶叶水提物与已感染病毒的细胞作用2种方式),初步探讨茶叶水提物对PRRSV的抑制与杀灭作用。体内试验是采用小鼠尾静脉注射的方法,将茶叶水提物注射到小鼠体内,测定小鼠血清对PRRSV的作用。结果表明,茶叶水提物对PRRSV具有杀灭与抑制作用,碧螺春茶(不发酵)、生普洱茶(不发酵)、铁观音茶(半发酵)、熟普洱茶(后发酵)的水提物对PRRSV的最小抑制质量浓度分别为31.3、31.3、31.3、125μg/mL,最小杀灭质量浓度分别为7.8、7.8、15.6、125μg/mL。不发酵型茶叶水提物比发酵型茶叶水提物对PRRSV的杀灭与抑制作用明显,小鼠尾静脉注射茶叶水提物后能正常生长,注射1 h内小鼠血清对PRRSV具有一定的杀灭作用。     

小鹅瘟病原分离鉴定及高免卵黄抗体的研制

无菌采取怀疑患小鹅瘟雏鹅的脑、肝、脾、肾等组织样本，健康鹅胚尿囊腔接种分离病毒，经雏鹅保护试验及鹅胚内中和试验鉴定，确诊病雏鹅的病原为小鹅瘟病毒，应用所分离的病毒制备高免卵黄抗体，经效力检验，取得对小蛾瘟攻毒保护100%的良好效果。     

Eression of allelic immunoglobulin in homozygous rabbits injected with RNA extract

Ribonucleic acid extracts obtained from lymph nodes of immunized rabbits homozygous for the b(4)or b(5)allele of light chain immunoglobulin allotypes were injected intravenously into nonimmunized rabbits homozygous for the alternate allele. Approximately 30 percent of the plaque-forming cells in the spleen yielded plaques with immunoglobulin M antibody possessing the allotype of the RNA donor. The allotype of the RNA donor was also found in the IgG immunoglobulin of lymphoid cell lysates as well as in the IgG isolated from the serum. These results suggest that the injected RNA has an informational role in the in vivo synthesis of immunoglobulins by host lymphoid cells.     

蛹虫草与其他天然抗氧化剂协同抗氧化作用研究

[目的]研究在蛹虫草提取液中分别按不同比例添加灵芝、香菇、猴头、紫苏和银杏提取液后组成的复合液抗氧化活性的情况变化。[方法]用微波法制备提取液,将灵芝、香菇、猴头、紫苏以及银杏提取液中的1种、2种或3种按不同的体积比与蛹虫草提取液组合,测定复合液总还原能力和清除羟自由基能力,并与单一提取液的测定结果相比较。[结果]蛹虫草提取液A与紫苏提取液E、银杏提取液F组合而成的复合液抗氧化性较好,其余组合抗氧化活性相对于单一提取液均有不同程度提高。[结论]食药用菌提取液与药用植物提取液组合而成的复合液具有较高的抗氧化活性,且大多数复合液的抗氧化活性好于单一提取液。     

Daily Rhythm of Luciferin Activity in Gonyaulax polyedra

Extracts prepared from Gonyaulax cells harvested late in the 12-hour dark period of an artificial 24-hour day contain as much as four times more luciferin activity than similar extracts prepared during the light period. If cultures are not treated with heat or light to reduce the flashing associated with handling, the time of maximum activity is obscured.     

紫甘薯花青素苷对老龄小鼠的抗氧化作用

[目的]探寻紫甘薯花青素苷的抗氧化活性。[方法]采用微波加热-酸化水提取新技术,从紫甘薯中提取花青素苷酸化水粗提物,然后给12月龄小鼠（老龄小鼠）灌胃不同浓度（100、500和1000mg/kg）的酸化水粗提物30d,测定血清中抗氧化指标。[结果]12月龄小鼠被浓度为1000mg/kg花青素苷酸化水粗提物灌胃30d后,其体内抗衰老指标与对照组5月龄小鼠相当。[结论]紫甘薯色素提取物具有明显的抗生物氧化作用,可延缓衰老。