应用孕马全血提高母牛受配率的试验报告

应用孕马全血提高母牛受配率的试验报告阎灵奇，王艺伦，刘爱君，李兴，于宝和，徐跃宣，张宏艳，王艺伦（河北省承德市畜牧水产局，０６７０００）黄牛改良工作，已越来越被人们重视．但长期以来我市由于受地理环境、母牛自身生理代谢及体况等多方面因素的影响，使母牛受...     

应用外源激素诱导乏情母牛发情受配试验报告

对 2 5 9头乏情牛皮下埋入十八甲炔诺酮 ,同时肌注苯甲酸雌二醇。 12天后 ,取出“十八甲管” ,并肌注冻干孕马血清。试验结果表明 ,接受处理的乏情牛发情率在 97%以上 ,受胎率 5 4.8%。本试验不需要大量经费投入 ,畜主也容易接受     

孕马血清促性腺激素配合氯前列烯醇诱导乏情母牛的效果观察

1　处理牛检查及选择选择经产 2、 3胎以上 ,年龄 4～ 7岁 ,直检子宫角柔软 ,子宫颈较细 ,子宫颈口紧闭 ,卵巢上存有黄体 ,黄体直径约为0 3～ 1 2ｃｍ。检查认为无子宫炎症及其他生殖系统疾病 ,两个情期仍不发情的持久黄体的母牛 3 0头供处理。2　处理方法对 3 0头牛全部宫输氯前列烯醇 0 5ｍＬ ,隔日再输 0 5ｍＬ ,并同时注射孕马血清促性腺激素 (ＰＭＳＧ) 70 0Ｕ ,隔日连续肌注 3次 (每日 1次肌注 )。3　处理后观察对部分处理后的牛进行定期检查 ,发现处理后 72ｈ多数母牛黄体质地柔软变小 ;处理后 96ｈ ,对 80 %的牛黄体全部消失 ,卵…     

母牛受配率低的原因及对策

1影响母牛受配率的原因 1．1母牛膘情差：膘情是母牛发情的基础，膘情好坏直接关系到受配率的高低。由于奶牛饲养管理水平低和泌乳等原因的影响，使体内营养不能满足机体的需要，因此抑制了脑下垂体前叶性腺激素（促黄体素和促卵泡素）的分泌，而后导致卵巢上的滤泡长期处于静止状态，黄体持久存在，母牛就不能按正常规律发情。根据安达国营奶牛场的调查统计，母牛五成膘发情率占19．6％，六成膘发情率为40．8％，七成膘以上为92％。     

应用激素提高母牛受胎效果的试验

为了提高母牛冻配的同期发情率、受配率及受胎率,观察应用激素提高奶牛繁殖率的效果进行了本试验。1材料与方法1．1试验牛选择经直检确定为空怀、生殖器官正常、产后40d以上的母牛。1．2激素孕马血清促性腺激素：内蒙古自治区赤峰博恩药业有限公司生产。三合激素：宁波第二激素厂生产（为甲酸雌乙醇、黄体酮、丙酸睾酮的复方制剂）。促排卵素2号（多种氨基酸合成的激素）,     

氯前列稀醇与三合激素对黄牛同期发情冻配效果的比较

同期发情是根据母牛生殖器官和垂体产生的某些激素在发情中的特殊作用为理论依据,根据这些生理现象应用合成激素制剂注射后,人为地造成畜群发情同期化。在畜牧业生产中可减少母畜的空怀时间,提高母畜利用率。在边远山区进行牛的同期发情,集中输配,极有利于牛的冷配工作的开展。为了探讨不同药物对黄牛同期发情的效果,我们选用了氯前列稀醇与三合激素进行了牛的同期发情比较。1材料和方法试验从2000～2002年先后在我县雨冲、黄泥、普底、猫场、安乐五乡镇对628头黄牛进行试验,时间均在每年9～11月即秋配时间。1.1试验牛产犊两个月以上的黄母…     

和硕县提高母牛繁育率的措施

和硕县自20世纪80年代推广牛的冷配技术以来，牛的受配率、受胎率、产仔成活率逐年提高，但与繁殖率较高的县比有很大的差距，根据笔者多年的工作实践，就如何提高和硕县母牛繁殖率的问题，谈一些粗浅的看法。     

应用三合激素与三合激素加孕马血对母牛诱导发情与配种效果观察

应用三合激素与三合激素加孕马血对母牛诱导发情与配种效果观察杨宝山田廷图赵秀艳（黑龙江省泰来县畜牧局１６２４００１９９４年～１９９５年，我县春旱非常严重。每年４月至７月中旬，无一场透雨落地，春草枯萎，中小泡塘干涸，空气十分干燥。７月末才可逐渐增加降雨量...     

应用激素提高母牛繁殖率效果研究

应用激素诱导母牛超数排卵,提高母牛繁殖率。选择３个试验组合,即ＦＳＨ＋ＬＨＲＨ－Ａ３试验组、ＰＭＳＧ＋ＡＰＭＳＧ试验组和三合激素＋ＬＨ试验组。选择条件大致相同的空怀母牛３６头,随机分为３组,每组各１２头,饲养管理基本一致。结果ＦＳＨ＋ＬＨＲＨ－Ａ３试验组母牛１２头,情期受胎９头,受胎率７５．０％,产犊１２头,其中产双胎３头,双胎率为３３．３％;ＰＭＳＧ＋ＡＰＭＳＧ试验组母牛１２头,情期受胎８头,受     

使用PMSG等激素提高四川黄牛繁殖效率研究再报

在初报基础上改进用药方法、扩大试验规模到２４头。发情率９５．８％，总受胎率７０．８％，得一胎孪生牛；校正后的产Ｄｕ间隔以对照组有显著缩短。该处理方法在缩短空怀期、治疗屡配不孕等方面表现了良好作用。重点讨论了该方法的适应范围、对动物选择的要求，以及处理后再发情时间与受孕效果的关系。     

促排卵二号生殖激素治疗母牛排卵障碍试验报告

作者应用促排卵二号生殖激素，对排卵障碍的一些母牛，在输精的同时肌注２００ｍｇ１支，对照组输精时不作任何处理，结果表明，试验组母牛第一情期受胎率平均为７９．４％，比对照组（４６．２％）情期受胎率提高３３．２％，差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．０１），明显缩短了母牛的空怀天数。     

Genetic diversity of growth hormone receptor gene in cattle

Growth hormone receptor (GHR) belongs to a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Polymorphism of presence or absence of an approximately 1.2 kbp LINE-1 element is observed in bovine GHR gene. The present study was carried out for estimating the genetic diversity and the origin of the LINE-1 element in 10 European, Southeastern Asian and East Asian cattle breeds or populations. Genotyping of the LINE-1 revealed predominant LINE-1 presence in European breeds (0.917∼0.991), absence in the Bos taurus indicus populations (0.000∼0.017), and intermediate presence in Northeast Asian cattle (0.417∼0.522). From genetic features of LINE families, LINE-1 of GHR could be attributed to the same origin in both European and Asian cattle, and Asian LINE-1 may not be derived from recent introgression. This result suggested that LINE-1 in bovine GHR gene could have arisen in an ancestral population of Bos taurus taurus .     

Secretory pattern and regulatory mechanism of growth hormone in cattle

The ultradian rhythm of growth hormone (GH) secretion has been known in several animal species for years and has recently been observed in cattle. Although the physiological significance of the rhythm is not yet fully understood, it appears essential for normal growth. In this review, previous studies concerning the GH secretory pattern in cattle, including its ultradian rhythm, are introduced and the regulatory mechanism is discussed on the basis of recent findings.     

生殖激素产品的应用和发展趋势

生殖激素是调控动物体内复杂生殖过程并影响繁殖性能的一系列的重要激素.近年来,利用生殖激素的批次化生产繁殖技术被广泛使用,提高了母猪的繁殖效率,促进了养猪业向集约化和规模化方向的发展.目前在批次化生产过程中主要采用孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)以及化学类激素进行繁殖调控.但是这些产品的应用仍...     

Association of interservice interval with conception rate in Japanese Black cattle

This study aimed to clarify the association of interservice interval (ISI) with conception rate (CR) and to evaluate factors affecting ISI in Japanese Black cattle. Data used in this study covered 32,639 artificial insemination (AI) records on 972 farms. The mean ± SEM of ISI and CR was 57.0 ± 0.3 days and 44.6 ± 0.3%, respectively. The relative frequency of ISI differed significantly between parity groups (p < .05). For parity 0, the proportion of ISI at an 18‐ to 24‐day interval was 43.6%, whereas the proportions in the other parity groups ranged from 27.2% to 29.1%. The CR was associated significantly with ISI, parity and AI number (p < .05), but not with season. Cows reinseminated at an 18‐ to 24‐day interval had the highest CR (46.8%; p < .05). Cows reinseminated at a 39‐ to 45‐day interval had a similar CR to those reinseminated at 25‐ 38‐day and 46‐ to 59‐day intervals. Cows reinseminated at 11–17, 60–66 and 67 days or longer intervals had the lowest CR (p < .05). Thus, cows returning to oestrus in a normal cycle tended to have a higher probability of conceiving compared with those that returned to oestrus after a normal cycle for any degree of parity and at any number of AI.     

Bos indicus type of growth hormone receptor gene is retained in Japanese Black cattle

The growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene is responsible for growth and carcass traits, and polymorphisms associated with the variation of meat production are thought to occur in the liver‐specific promoter of the GHR gene in cattle. The aim of this study was to analyse the structure of the liver‐specific promoter of GHR in Japanese Black cattle, as the relationship between GHR polymorphism and meat production is poorly understood in this breed. Typically in European cattle, the LINE‐1 element, a family of retrotransposons, is inserted in the liver‐specific promoter. However, a short GHR promoter without the LINE‐1 sequence was found in the Japanese Black breed as in Bos indicus cattle. The frequency of the short allele was approximately 60%. In addition, 24 of 29 Holstein/Japanese Black crosses carried the short allele from their sire. The present result suggests that the short allele for GHR may be a candidate marker for improving meat production of Japanese Black cattle.     

不同季节不同生产因素对荷斯坦奶牛性控冻精人工输精受胎率的影响

为研究不同季节、不同胎次、不同发情方式及不同泌乳天数等因素对奶牛单个情期受胎率的影响,选取2169头奶牛进行统计分析。结果显示,奶牛秋冬季配种受胎率较春夏季高,冬季情期受胎率显著高于春、夏两季（P＜0.05）,初产奶牛情期受胎率高于经产奶牛（P＜0.01）,自然发情情期受胎率极显著高于同期发情药物处理奶牛（P＜0.01）,不同泌乳阶段对受胎率影响不大（P＞0.05）。     

应用促排多胎素诱导黄牛同期发情效果试验

促排多胎素具有刺激成熟卵泡排卵,促进发情,调节发情周期,提高母畜受胎率的功效。本试验应用促排多胎素对农村分散饲养、产犊后久不发情或发情迟缓的母牛进行诱导同期发情效果研究。结果：在注射药物后24～72h内有91．67%(55/60)的母牛发情,经直肠检查发情母牛中排卵率为89．09%(49/55),情期冷配受胎率为63．27%(31/49)。试验表明：促排多胎素对产后久不发情或发情迟缓的母牛进行诱导同期发情处理效果明显,是一种理想的催情药物。