蚓粪复合育苗基质对番茄幼苗生长的影响

以蚓粪、腐熟中药渣、泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为原料,将不同原料按照不同比例复配成四种育苗基质。选取市场上销售的育苗基质作为对照（CK）,研究不同比例复配的蚓粪育苗基质对番茄苗期生长的影响。结果表明：基质D培育的番茄幼苗的鲜重、株高、茎粗、根长、根表面积、根体积均优于其它配比的育苗基质,育苗效果显著提高,可推荐作为番茄育苗的专用型有机营养基质。     

Morphology of nascent ziegler-natta polymers

In the polymerization of alpha-olefins with heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts, the polymer is formed directly as long fibrillar units with folder chains. It is proposed that the fibrils are formed by the crystallization of polymer chains growing from the active sites on the catalyst surface, a process which is likened to root growth in whiskers.     

Calcification on an Unstable Substrate: Marginal Growth in the Moilusk Pecten diegensis

Observations of the growing margin of Pecten diegensis show that calcification can occur on an unstable substrate, although this initial shell material is quite disordered. Later growth on the inner surface of the disordered material soon becomes ordered, which suggests that the calcification process benefits from the stability of a mineralized substrate, but does not utilize the substrate as a physical or stereochemical template.     

柔枝松容器苗基质筛选

分别将引自北美洲的4个种源柔枝松播种于4种不同配比的基质中（以表土混合基质为对照）,进行容器育苗。通过测定4个种源1年生容器苗在不同基质中的8项形态指标和4项生理指标,筛选出最适基质是泥V沙：V泥炭：V蛭石＝3：5：2。通过分析基质理化性质与容器苗形态及生理指标的相关关系,发现基质的物理性质是影响柔枝松1年生容器苗生长发育的重要因素。     

不同育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响

以腐熟中药渣、泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为原料,按照不同比例复配成4种育苗基质,选取南京市蔬菜所的通用型育苗基质作为对照,研究不同配比的育苗基质对黄瓜苗期生长的影响。结果表明:基质B培育的黄瓜在株高、茎粗、根长、根表面积以及壮苗指数上均显著优于其他配比的育苗基质,育苗效果显著提高,可推荐作为黄瓜育苗的专用型育苗基质。     

Light-driven motion of liquids on a photoresponsive surface

The macroscopic motion of liquids on a flat solid surface was manipulated reversibly by photoirradiation of a photoisomerizable monolayer covering the surface. When a liquid droplet several millimeters in diameter was placed on a substrate surface modified with a calix[4]resorcinarene derivative having photochromic azobenzene units, asymmetrical photoirradiation caused a gradient in surface free energy due to the photoisomerization of surface azobenzenes, leading to the directional motion of the droplet. The direction and velocity of the motion were tunable by varying the direction and steepness of the gradient in light intensity. The light-driven motion of a fluid substance in a surface-modified glass tube suggests potential applicability to microscale chemical process systems.     

用菌草培养食线虫真菌淡紫拟青霉

分别比较了菌草+麸皮培养基、麦粒培养基、谷壳+麸皮+虾壳粉培养基、营养珍珠岩培养基和菌草+麸皮+虾壳粉培养基培养食线虫真菌淡紫拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)的产孢能力.培养14 d后,淡紫拟青霉在菌草+麸皮培养基上的产孢量达86.80亿个.g-1,明显优于供试的其他培养基.菌草+麸皮培养基具有疏松、通气、比表面积大、菌丝生长迅速、产孢量大等优点,具有良好的应用前景.     

Scanning tunneling microscopy of galena (100) surface oxidation and sorption of aqueous gold

Scanning tunneling microscopy was used to characterize the growth of oxidized areas on galena (100) surfaces and the formation of gold islands by the reductive adsorption of AuCl(4)(-) from aqueous solution. The gold islands and galena substrate were distinguished by atomic resolution imaging and tunneling spectroscopy. Oxidized areas on galena have [110]-trending boundaries; gold islands elongate along [110] directions. However, there are no obvious structural registry considerations that would lead to elongation of gold islands in a [110] direction. Instead, it is probable that a direct coupling of gold reduction and sulfide surface oxidation controls the initial formation of gold islands. Gold islands grow less quickly on preoxidized galena surfaces and show no preferred direction of growth.     

Atomic Control of the SrTiO3 Crystal Surface

The atomically smooth SrTiO(3) (100) with steps one unit cell in height was obtained by treating the crystal surface with a pH-controlled NH(4)F-HF solution. The homoepitaxy of SrTiO(3) film on the crystal surface proceeds in a perfect layer-by-layer mode as verified by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and atomic force microscopy. Ion scattering spectroscopy revealed that the TiO(2) atomic plane terminated the as-treated clean surface and that the terminating atomic layer could be tuned to the SrO atomic plane by homooepitaxial growth. This technology provides a well-defined substrate surface for atomically regulated epitaxial growth of such perovskite oxide films as YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta).     

不同配方营养液对盆栽荆芥生长和品质的影响

【目的】筛选出适宜基质盆栽荆芥(Schizone peta tenui folia (Benth.) Briq.)生长的营养液配方。【方法】以大叶荆芥作为研究对象,将草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩按2∶1∶1的体积比配成的复合基质作为栽培基质,植株生长过程中浇灌6种不同配方的营养液。观测并比较大叶荆芥的生长指标及品质指标,研究不同配方营养液对大叶荆芥植株生长及品质的影响。【结果】施用4/5个浓度单位日本山崎茼蒿配方营养液的植株茎粗最粗为3.043 cm、全株鲜重为4.92 g、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量最高,分别为1.53、0.75 mg/g、隶属函数平均值最大为0.766。施用2个浓度单位日本山崎叶用莴苣配方营养液的植株全株鲜重最低为2.67 g、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)最低为0.833 mg/g、植株第一节间长度最长为4.6 cm、隶属函数的平均值最小为0.359。【结论】在基质盆栽大叶荆芥时,浇灌4/5个浓度单位日本山崎茼蒿配方营养液能够为大叶荆芥提供其所需的养分,植株生长良好,品质较好,可以使用。施用2个浓度单位日本山崎叶用莴苣配方营养液不能够满足植株的生长需求,植株的生长势相对较弱,不建议使用。     

X-ray diffraction study of the ultrathin Al2O3 layer on NiAl110

Ultrathin Al2O3 layers on alloys are used as templates for model catalysts, tunneling barriers in electronic devices, or corrosion-resistant layers. The complex atomic structure of well-ordered alumina overlayers on NiAl110 was solved by surface x-ray diffraction. The oxide layer is composed of a double layer of strongly distorted hexagonal oxygen ions that hosts aluminum ions on both octahedral and tetrahedral sites with equal probability. The alumina overlayer exhibits a domain structure that can be related to characteristic growth defects and is generated during the growth of a hexagonally ordered overlayer (Al2O3) on a body-centered cubic (110) substrate (NiAl).     

Guided growth of millimeter-long horizontal nanowires with controlled orientations

The large-scale assembly of nanowires with controlled orientation on surfaces remains one challenge preventing their integration into practical devices. We report the vapor-liquid-solid growth of aligned, millimeter-long, horizontal GaN nanowires with controlled crystallographic orientations on different planes of sapphire. The growth directions, crystallographic orientation, and faceting of the nanowires vary with each surface orientation, as determined by their epitaxial relationship with the substrate, as well as by a graphoepitaxial effect that guides their growth along surface steps and grooves. Despite their interaction with the surface, these horizontally grown nanowires display few structural defects, exhibiting optical and electronic properties comparable to those of vertically grown nanowires. This paves the way to highly controlled nanowire structures with potential applications not available by other means.     

生长调节剂TDS对锥栗生长调控效果的研究

福建省建瓯市房道镇连地村 7年生锥栗果用林叶面喷施生长调节剂 TDS效应研究结果表明 :叶面喷施生长调节剂 TDS,可在一定程度上抑制锥栗的营养生长 ,极大地促进光合作用和代谢作用 ,多分化雌花 ,增加球果数 ,显著提高坚果产量 .在展叶盛期 ,用 5 .0 g/L的 TDS喷洒叶面 3次 (每星期喷 1次 ) ,效果较为显著 ,使当年生枝条的长度缩短 1 2 %、叶片的蛋白质含量提高 45 %、叶绿素含量提高 2 0 % ,冠幅体积球果产量提高 47% ,冠幅体积坚果产量提高 5 7% ,冠幅投影面积坚果产量提高 5 0 % ,冠幅外表面积坚果产量提高 60 % .     

Vertical aluminophosphate molecular sieve crystals grown at inorganic-organic interfaces

Tubular aluminophosphate molecular sieve crystals were grown at an organic interface with their channels (7 angstroms in cross section) vertical to the substrate. To induce surface nucleation and oriented growth of AIPO(4)-5 crystals, organophosphonate layers cross-linked with Zr(IV) were assembled on a gold substrate and the modified substrate was immersed in a hydrothermal bath containing reagents for the synthesis of the molecular sieve. Reflection-absorption infrared studies demonstrated the stability of the phosphonate layers under these conditions. Drastic changes in the morphology of the surface-grown crystals from spherical agglomerates to vertical needles to thin tilted needles could be achieved by adjusting the water content of the synthesis bath. Nitrogen sorption in these structures on a piezoelectric device confirmed the presence of zeolitic microporosity.     

21种基质对葡茎玲珑椰子苗生长的影响阮志平*1,陈钟昱1,林颖1,吴家亮1,王芬芬1

In order to explore the effects of different substrate ratios on the growth of the seedlings of the Chamaedorea stolonifera, 21 different kind of mixed substrate was used as the substrate for the seedlings of the Chamaedorea stolonifera. The substrate suitable for the seedling of the Chamaedorea stolonifera was selected by measuring the growth indexes(SPAD, number of leaves, plant height)of the seedling of the Chamaedorea stolonifera.The results showed that, apart from the number of leaves, the effect of different substrates on growth indexes reached a significant level. The substrate of treatment No.13(Soil:Sand=1:3) had the best growth on the SPAD of the seedlings. There were obvious differences of SPAD values among the diffenent part of the same leaves . The substrate of treatment No.2(Vermiculite) had the best growth on the number of leaves. The substrate of treatment No.7(Soil:Coconut Bran=1:3) had the best growth on plant height.     

Surface/Volume ratio: implications for phytoplankton morphology

Plankton autotrophs vary greatly in size and shape. Computation of surface/volume ratios for biomass units of 27 coexisting phytoplankton species in a tropical lake indicates that these ratios are conserved within a range much narrower than expected by random choice of shapes. Conservation of surface/volume ratios suggests new explanations for the shapes of phytoplankton biomass units.     

不同附着基质对苦草生长的影响

通过室内试验,将苦草（Vallisneria natans）种子播种在不同附着基质上,对其发芽情况和苦草的形态特征及生物量分配格局进行了研究。结果表明：（1） 在人工丝状棉上生长的苦草新生叶片数、最长根长、茎叶总长都要显著大于在薄层海绵和棕丝束上生长的苦草。而对照无附着基质组的苦草部分浮于水面,叶片枯黄,各项生长指标均低于其他3组;（2） 对照组中生长的苦草根数量最少,显著小于其他3个试验组上生长的苦草,但是该组苦草的根上生物量占有率及出现弯曲茎的数量大大高于其他3组;（3） 人工丝状棉基质上,苦草的存活率显著大于薄层海绵基质和棕丝束基质,也显著大于对照组（无基质）,四组的存活率分别为91%,88%,69%,21%。因此,基质条件对苦草的生长和形态有较大的影响,如果没有附着基质,苦草易于漂浮水面而死亡;在结构疏松的人工丝状棉基质上,苦草长势最好,但考虑到苦草在基质上的附着牢度和基质浸泡水中的理化变化,故本次试验中,薄层海绵为最好的附着基质。     

Shape transition of germanium nanocrystals on a silicon (001) surface from pyramids to domes

Chemical vapor deposition of germanium onto the silicon (001) surface at atmospheric pressure and 600 degrees Celsius has previously been shown to produce distinct families of smaller (up to 6 nanometers high) and larger (all approximately 15 nanometers high) nanocrystals. Under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, physical vapor deposition at approximately the same substrate temperature and growth rate produced a similar bimodal size distribution. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy revealed that the smaller square-based pyramids transform abruptly during growth to significantly larger multifaceted domes, and that few structures with intermediate size and shape remain. Both nanocrystal shapes have size-dependent energy minima that result from the interplay between strain relaxation at the facets and stress concentration at the edges. A thermodynamic model similar to a phase transition accounts for this abrupt morphology change.     

栅极偏压对纳米金刚石薄膜沉积过程的影响

在HFCVD系统中施加栅极偏压和衬底偏压,采用双偏压成核和栅极偏压生长的方法成功制备了高质量的纳米金刚石薄膜.采用显微Raman高分辨率SEM和AFM等现代理化分析手段分析纳米金刚石膜的微结构,结果表明双偏压显著促进了金刚石的成核密度,平均晶粒尺寸在20 nm以内.试验观察和理论分析表明栅极偏压促进了热丝附近的等离子体浓度,提高了衬底附近的碳氢基团和氢原子浓度,提高了金刚石的成核密度、在保持晶粒的纳米尺寸的同时保持了较高的成膜质量和较低的生长缺陷.     

Regulation of expression of the interleukin-2 receptor on hematopoietic cells by interleukin-3

Remarkable similarities in the intracellular and genetic events occur when lymphoid and hematopoietic cells are exposed to their specific growth factors. The interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor, whose cell-surface expression is an absolute requirement for the growth and differentiation of lymphoid cells, was detected on various nonlymphoid hematopoietic cell types in this study. Cell lines consisting either of granulocyte-macrophage precursors or mast cells, which are dependent on interleukin-3 (IL-3) for their growth, expressed high levels of the IL-2 receptor on their surface. Analysis of the binding characteristics of these receptors with 125I-labeled recombinant IL-2 revealed that only receptors with low affinity for IL-2 were present on these cells. Addition of purified recombinant IL-3 to these cell lines led to an increase in IL-2 receptor gene expression within 1 hour in isolated nuclei. This IL-3--induced increase in the number of IL-2 receptors on the cell surface is maximal within 24 hours. Addition of 10,000 units of IL-2 to these cells had no apparent effect on their growth or differentiation. The presence of the receptor with only low affinity for IL-2 on hematopoietic cells and the regulation by IL-3 suggest that this receptor is involved in some important metabolic event in hematopoiesis.