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西藏小型猪在广州地区的行为学特性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了解西藏小型猪在亚热带地区的行为特性,对从西藏自治区偏僻山区引进到广州市的42头西藏小型猪,进行为期1年的封闭饲养,观察并记录其行为特性。结果表明,母猪走动时间约占全天的15%~25%,卧息时间占75%~85%,排粪5次~6次;4月龄~5月龄左右出现初次发情,发情特征明显;产前19h开始出现闹圈等一系列产前行为,产仔持续时间2.0h~4.2h,胎衣排出时间4.9h~6.4h,产仔数为3头~6头;每天哺乳25次,产后10d~15d达到高峰。公猪65日龄~80日龄出现爬跨行为,120日龄可配种利用。说明西藏小型猪对亚热带气候区的生态条件具有很好的适应能力。 相似文献
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通过对麻醉过程中的心电图进行监测来比较3种复合麻醉剂对小型猪心电图的影响.将中国实验用小型猪分成3组,每组6头,第一组肌肉注射小型猪复合麻醉剂(XFM);第二组氯胺酮和安定联合肌肉注射;第三组速眠新Ⅱ和戊巴比妥钠联合肌肉注射,在麻醉后对心电图进行动态监测.氯胺酮组和速眠新Ⅱ组中的动物心电图波形发生了明显变化,XFM组动物在整个监测过程中未出现波形异常.3种药物麻醉后小型猪的心电图都发生了改变,与氯胺酮复合麻醉剂和速眠新Ⅱ复合麻醉剂相比,XFM对小型猪心电图影响轻微,安全性较高. 相似文献
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西藏小型猪在广州地区的行为学特性栽 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了解西藏小型猪在亚热带地区的行为特性,对从西藏自治区偏僻山区引进到广州市的42头西藏小型猪,进行为期1年的封闭饲养,观察并记录其行为特性.结果表明,母猪走动时间约占全天的15%~25%,卧息时间占75%~85%,排粪5次~6次;4月龄~5月龄左右出现初次发情,发情特征明显;产前19 h开始出现闹圈等一系列产前行为,产仔持续时间2.0 h~4.2 h,胎衣排出时间4.9 h~6.4 h,产仔数为3头~6头;每天哺乳25次,产后10 d~15 d达到高峰.公猪65日龄~80日龄出现爬跨行为,120日龄可配种利用.说明西藏小型猪对亚热带气候区的生态条件具有很好的适应能力. 相似文献
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西藏小型猪引种到广州地区后的生长繁殖性能与原产地进行比较。结果表明:初产及经产西藏小型猪的产仔数、产活仔数和断奶成活率分别为23%、22%和87.0%及5.7%、486%和91.4%,初产及经产西藏小型猪平均初生重、30日龄体重、断奶(60日龄)体重分别为O53kg、075kg、23kg及241kg、401kq、472kg.其中产仔数、产活仔数、断奶成活率和平均初生重经产高于初产(P〈0.05)。西藏小型猪在广州地区初产和经产生长繁殖性能之间的差异比原地两者之间的差异更明显.环境的变化是其原因之一:与原产地繁殖性能比较,发现广州地区高于原产地正常水平.表明:一是猪群已经适应了环境,二是不同的配种方式起了积极作用。 相似文献
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通过扩增102头西藏小型猪以及16头巴马小型猪、17头贵州香猪的线粒体DNA控制区,测序并与国内其他猪种进行比较,研究西藏小型猪的遗传标记以及与其他国内地方猪种的亲缘关系.结果显示,两藏小型猪线粒体DNAD-loop区分3个区域.串联重复序列区处于中间位置,包含有15~29个10 bp的重复片段,分为A、B 2种类型.3'端340 bp,与国内其他猪种的序列相同,比较保守;D-loop 5'端704 bp,共有22个变异位点.由22个变异位点中归纳出25个单倍型,其中有2种主要的单倍型,分别占34.4%和36.6%.根据3个转换位点:305、500、691,将西藏小型猪分成了2组,几乎与串联重复序列所分的A、B 2组类型相对应.与西藏小型猪相比,巴马小型猪和贵州香猪D-loop 5'端变异位点较少,分别只有4种和2种单倍型,串联重复区也只有1个类型.说明西藏小型猪可能有2个母系祖先,并且与我国西南地区的猪种有较近的亲缘关系;不同的串联重复片段类型和5'端的变异位点可以联合组建西藏小型猪的遗传标记. 相似文献
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本研究旨在对西藏小型猪Cytb基因序列和氨基酸序列进行分析,研究其遗传分化及其与欧洲品种猪和中国几个地方猪种的亲缘关系。结果表明,西藏小型猪Cytb基因序列有9个变异位点,核苷酸多样性为0.0789。中国猪种包括西藏小型猪的Cytb基因序列与欧洲品种猪相比有16个主要突变位点,其中西藏小型猪有2个特殊碱基突变位点:420位点的T→C转换和883位点的G→A转换,几乎各占50%。氨基酸序列分析表明,西藏小型猪与欧洲品种猪有3个氨基酸位点存在着差异,其中在295位点,一部分西藏小型猪与以上其它几个品种猪同为缬氨酸(V),而另一部分西藏小型猪为异亮氨酸(I)。结果显示只有部分西藏小型猪与巴马小型猪、贵州香猪、五指山猪有很近的亲缘关系,同时证实西藏小型猪群体内存在遗传分化。 相似文献
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藏猪在舍饲条件下的行为观察 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
对藏猪在舍饲条件下的行为特性进行了观察,结果表明:一天内母猪走动时间约占15%-25%,臣息时间占75%-85%,一天内妊娠母猪排粪5-6次,藏母猪性成熟早,发情特征明显,情期长,青年母猪70-85日龄出现性行为,母猪产前20h开始出现闹圈等一系列产前行为,产仔持续时间1.9-4.2h,母猪一天哺乳25次,仔猪拱乳时间52-57s,母猪持续放乳15-26s,藏猪调圈或合群后经咬斗过程,在一周内建立新的位次序列,藏猪耐粗食,抗逆性强,对高原恶劣的气候条件有独特的适应能力,并具有良好的定圈能力。 相似文献
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通过常规方法,对引入到广州地区的藏猪G1代进行了生长发育和繁殖指标的测定,包括G1代藏猪不同月龄的体重、体尺(体高、体长、胸围)值.测定母猪每胎产仔猪数、初生头重、离乳数和离乳率等.结果表明:藏猪繁殖力的各项指标高于原产地放牧藏猪猪群,而低于舍饲的藏猪猪群;雌雄藏猪体重相比较,除了1月龄有极显著性差异(P<0.01)和2月龄有显著差异(P<0.05)外,其余月龄雌雄之间均无差异;体尺值随月龄增长逐渐增加,不同性别之间,除6月龄体高雄性高于雌性外(P<0.05),其余月龄不同性别藏猪均无差异(P>0.05).说明经过2年的风土驯化,藏猪基本适应了亚热带气候环境,能够正常生长繁殖,并且保持了生长缓慢、小体型的特点,非常适合用于动物实验研究. 相似文献
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福建省肉兔体内猪瘟抗体水平的检测 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
以猪瘟正向间接血凝法对福建省内11个兔场、32群肉兔进行猪瘟抗体水平检测,检测肉免3321只,待检血清541份。结果表明:群体中半数以上待检血清抗体效价达到1∶4的群体有13个,占总群体数的40.6%;群体中半数以上待检血清抗体效价达到1∶8的群体有4个,占总群体数的12.5%;而抗体效价达到1:8的待检血清有62份,占总待检血清数的11.5%。其中有3个群体的部分待检兔血清猪瘟抗体效价达到1∶16和1∶32。表明本地区部分肉兔在饲养过程中,确实感染过HDV。 相似文献
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商品瘦肉型猪的肉质特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对33头商品瘦肉型猪的肉质特性进行研究,得出如下结论:1.本研究建立各肉质性状间的回归方程,并算出各自的相关系数,其中系水力与失水率,系水力与ph1,ph1与ph24,眼肌嫩度与腰肌嫩度的相关系数较高,分别为-0.997.-0.608,0.605,0.712均极显著(P<0.01);2.本试验瘦肉型猪的肉色、pH值、肌肉嫩度、水份、失水率达到正常猪要求,但大理石纹较差,杜大长和杜长大分别为2.76±0.94,2.75±0.85;3.杜约长花肉质较理想,杜大长与杜长大,阉公猪与女猪之间的肉质基本一致。 相似文献
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采用反转录PCR(RT—PcR)和套式PCR(nested-PCR)扩增了猪瘟病毒兔化弱毒株与内蒙古野毒株的E2(gp55)基因,片段长约1200bp,将PCR产物与PMD-18-T载体相连接并克隆后,经酶切、PCR鉴定后进行序列测定和分析,结果显示二者的核苷酸同源性为89.7%,这一结果表明内蒙古近期流行的猪瘟野毒株与目前使用的疫苗株在E2基因上存在一定的差异。 相似文献
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染抑制猪瘟疫苗的免疫应答 总被引:23,自引:3,他引:23
对20日龄SPF猪和20日龄猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)血清阳性猪,人工感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)北京分离株(BJ-4)后48h接种猪瘟疫苗,利用ELISA方法检测仔猪针对PRRSV和猪瘟疫苗的体液免疫,利用MTS法检测仔猪外周血单核细胞对有丝分裂原ConA的刺激反应。结果表明,不论是SPF仔猪还是带有PRRSV抗体的仔猪,在鼻内接种PRRSV后48h接种猪瘟疫苗,其对猪瘟疫苗的抗体反应显著低于对照组,对有丝分裂原ConA的刺激反应也下降。由此说明,PRRSV感染使仔猪对猪瘟疫苗的免疫应答受到抑制。 相似文献
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P. J. H. Reijnders 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(1):36-42
Summary The harbour seal population in the Dutch Wadden Sea decreased significantly during the last decades. Calculations based on bounty data revealed that the population decreased from about 2700 in 1950 to about 900 in 1959. Annual aerial surveys ‐ which were carried out since that time ‐ showed a slight increase due to the stop of hunting. However, after 1964 a new decline occurred and since 1974 the population stays at a level of about 450 specimens. During 1974 to 1978 the population dynamics of the population have been studied. Frequent aerial surveys provided data on the size of the population. These data have been used in a simulation model and the birth rate and the initial juvenile mortality were calculated. During boat trips an indication of the age composition was obtained by measuring track widths. By comparing these results with similar results from a stable population in Schleswig Holstein it appeared: (1) that juvenile mortality in the first weeks in the Dutch population is higher than that in Schleswig Holstein but the overall mortality of pups in both areas in their first three months of life is of the same order; (2) that pup production in the Dutch population is low compared to the population in Schleswig Holstein; (3) that apparently immigration from elsewhere occurs. To investigate the contribution of environmental pollution to the decline of the Dutch seal population tissues of dead, stranded animals originating from Schleswig Holstein, Denmark and the Netherlands were collected and analyzed for PCBs, o,p'‐DDT, p,p’,(DDT, DDE, TDE), dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, endosulfan, a, β, γ,‐HCH, HCB, QCB (pentachlorobenzene), HEPO, total mercury, methylmercury, selenium and bromium. Considering epidemiological and experimental data on the effects of PCBs on mammalian reproduction, strong support is obtained for the hypothesis that PCBs are responsible for the decreased reproduction in seals from the Dutch Wadden Sea. If PBCs are responsible for the decrease of the Dutch seal population, measures of all North Sea countries are urgently required because these PCBs may not only be a hazard to seals but also to other animals and even man. Production and use of PCBs should he limited and used PCBs should be collected and destroyed. However, even if an immediate ban on PCB's would be effected, the effects of PCBs ‐ because of their persistent character ‐ are likely to last many years. For that reason it may be assumed that the seal population in the western Wadden Sea still faces a difficult period in the years to come. In order to lead this population through this difficult period, all possible measures enhancing its continued existence should be taken. Since the seals in the Wadden Sea form one population maximum result may be expected from measures applying to all seals in the Wadden Sea. Thus international cooperation is necessary. The following measures are proposed: Continued interdiction of hunting in order to obtain a maximum number of animals taking part in reproduction. Establishment of seal reserves and, additionally supporting seal nursery stations in order to guarantee a maximum reproductive output. However, it has to be stressed that these measures are not effective if at the same time the main cause of the decrease is not found and brought under control. 相似文献
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Pathogenic microorganisms in manure represents a potential hazard to human and animal. Few data describing the microbiological content of liquid hog manure intended for spreading are available in the scientific literature. The objective of this project was to verify the presence and estimate the persistence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Cryptosporidium spp. in liquid hog manure from storages under conditions typical of commercial swine production in Québec. E. coli content of liquid hog manure taken during the spreading period in the 32 hog operations varied between 0 and 5.52 log10 CFU/g with a 95% confidence interval of 3.16–4.23 log10 CFU/g. Salmonella spp., Y. enterocolitica and Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 37%, 9% and 3% samples, respectively. Under the conditions of this experiment, the predicted number of days required to obtain a 90% reduction of E. coli populations varied between 15 and 26 days, while the predicted storage period necessary to reach undetectable levels was 54–114 days. The maximal persistence of Salmonella observed in this study was 88 days. A 73-day storage time was insufficient for the elimination of Y. enterocolitica. 相似文献