雌二醇人工抗原的合成及间接竞争ELISA标准曲线的建立

琥珀酸酐法将雌二醇(E2)衍生化,再用碳二亚胺法(EDC)将半抗原与BSA和OVA偶联,制备免疫原和检测抗原,紫外扫描和红外光谱鉴定表明人工抗原合成成功,E2与BSA偶联比为12.3∶1。将E2-BSA免疫BALB/c小鼠,细胞融合技术筛选抗E2杂交瘤细胞株,制备单克隆抗体。结果表明,筛选的3株杂交瘤细胞E2D5、E3F7和E4A6抗体效价均在8×104以上。以E3F7细胞株建立间接竞争ELISA(icELISA)标准曲线,其线性范围为0.06⁶6.2μg/L,检测限和IC50值分别为0.03和0.76μg/L,除与去氢甲睾酮22.9%的交叉反应率外,与其他化合物无交叉反应。本研究为开发ELISA试剂盒,检测食源性动物产品中E2残留奠定基础。     

拉沙里菌素单克隆抗体的研制及间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

为制备拉沙里菌素（LAS）单克隆抗体,建立针对LAS的间接竞争ELISA（Ci-ELISA）方法,试验采用了活性酯法将LAS分别与BSA和OVA偶联成LAS-BSA和LAS-OVA作为免疫原和检测原,6次免疫后,取小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞融合,最终筛选出一株能稳定分泌抗LAS单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株C11。经鉴定,C11的抗体类型为IgG1,轻链为κ链;所制腹水效价为1∶16 000,与莫能菌素钠、盐霉素钠、马杜霉素胺、头孢噻吩钠和硫酸链霉素均无交叉反应。用此单克隆抗体建立LAS Ci-ELISA检测方法显示,Ci-ELISA标准工作曲线为y=0.376x－0.2374（R²=0.9914）,LAS在5~1 000 ng/mL时,线性关系良好,IC₅₀为90.22 ng/mL,加标回收率为81.76%~102.41%,表明方法精确度好、灵敏度高。LAS单克隆抗体的制备和Ci-ELISA方法的建立为下一步试剂盒的研发奠定了基础。     

莱克多巴胺单克隆抗体间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

用混合酸酐法将莱克多巴胺(Rac)与匙孔蓝蛋白(KLH)、牛血清白蛋白(BSA)偶联,经紫外光谱扫描确定偶联成功,测得偶联物Rac-KLH浓度为3.6 mg/mL,Rac-BSA浓度为6.2 mg/mL。以偶联物Rac-KLH作为免疫原,免疫6～8周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠,取小鼠脾细胞和骨髓瘤细胞SP2/O-Ag-14进行融合。以Rac-BSA作为包被抗原,经间接ELISA筛选出阳性细胞株,再用有限稀释法进行多次亚克隆,获得稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株1D9、1F3、2C11、5C3、3A10、4A8、6B7、6D5、7C11、7D3。其中单克隆抗体5C3和3A10间接ELISA效价1∶500 000,对莱克多巴胺的半数阻断浓度(IC50)均为3.98 ng/mL,对盐酸克伦特罗和沙丁醇胺的IC50均大于2 000 ng/mL;对盐酸克伦特罗和沙丁醇胺的交叉反应率均小于0.2%。间接竞争ELISA检测莱克多巴胺在0.5～100 ng/mL范围内为线性分布,确定的最低检测限为0.5 ng/mL。     

抗大田软海绵酸单克隆抗体的制备与间接竞争ELISA的建立

用大田软海绵酸(okadaic acid,OA)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的偶联物OA-BSA作为免疫原,采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备OA单克隆抗体,并以纯化的抗体为探针建立了检测OA的快速、灵敏、简便的间接竞争ELISA(ciELISA)。回归方程和相关系数分别为:y=-0.3949x+0.6312,R2=0.9806;线性范围为0.3125~20 ng/mL;对OA的最低检出质量浓度为0.175 ng/mL;批内和批间变异系数分别为2.09%和3.27%;扇贝肉样的添加回收率为74.2%~80.8%;与鳍藻毒素(DTX1)的交叉反应(CR%)为51.82%,与石房蛤毒素(STX)无交叉反应。结果表明,建立了OA间接竞争ELISA检测方法,可用于海产品中OA残留检测。     

孔雀石绿间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

采用无色孔雀石绿(Leucomalachite green,LMG)单克隆抗体建立了水产品中孔雀石绿(Malachite green,MG)残留的间接竞争ELISA(ciELISA)检测方法。结果表明,LMG-McAb最佳稀释倍数为1∶80 000,包被抗原最佳质量浓度为0.80μg/mL;竞争反应时的LMG理想稀释液为40%乙腈水溶液;标准曲线呈线性相关,相关系数R2=0.9823,最适检测范围1 ng/mL~256 ng/mL,最低检测限为1.29 ng/mL,批内和批间变异系数分别为4.307%和4.566%;鳗鱼肉样的平均添加回收率为90%~110%;该检测方法与隐性结晶紫、孔雀石绿、结晶紫的交叉反应(CR%)分别为40.67%、13.50%和5.89%,与其他抗生素无交叉反应。     

检测牛乳中三聚氰胺的间接竞争ELISA方法的建立

利用戊二醛法合成的三聚氰胺—钥孔匙锥蓝蛋白(KLH)为免疫原制得三聚氰胺的多克隆抗体,并在此基础上以重氮法制备的三聚氰胺—牛血清白蛋白为包被抗原建立了检测三聚氰胺的间接竞争ELISA(ciELISA)检测方法。结果表明,理想的包被抗原质量浓度为0.8mg/L,抗三聚氰胺抗血清的稀释倍数为1:400,最适检测范围为0.03-10mg/L,最小检测量为0.01mg/L,批内与批间变异系数分别为1.952%和6.673%,回归方程为y=-0.4239-0.0933。本实验建立的三聚氰胺含量的间接竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(ci-ELISA)方法可用于牛乳样品中三聚氰胺残留的检测。     

氨基脲单克隆抗体制备及其ELISA检测方法的建立

以氨基脲(SEM)和对醛基苯甲酸(CP)为原料合成半抗原(CP-SEM),将半抗原和载体蛋白偶联后免疫Balb/C小鼠,应用杂交瘤技术建立稳定分泌抗氨基脲的杂交瘤细胞株。常规制备腹水,用辛酸-硫酸铵法纯化,并对纯化的mAb进行特异性鉴定。通过对不同抗体组合的分析和条件的优化,建立检测氨基脲的间接竞争ELISA方法。利用对醛基苯甲酸衍生草鱼肌肉提取的氨基脲,用建立的ELISA方法进行检测,并计算回收率和最低检测限。经细胞融合、筛选及克隆化,共获得7株稳定分泌抗氨基脲的杂交瘤细胞株,其中4株亲和力较高。建立了间接竞争ELISA检测方法,该方法灵敏度达到0.1ng/mL,平均回收率为98.47%,在草鱼组织中的最低检测限为0.76ng/g,回收率为70.55-100.56%,可用于肌肉中氨基脲残留的检测。     

达氟沙星间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

将达氟沙星（danofloxacin, DFLX）与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、卵清白蛋白(OVA)偶联分别作为免疫原与包被原, 达氟沙星为竞争的半抗原，建立间接竞争ELISA检测方法。试验结果表明,理想的包被抗原浓度为1.25 μg/L, 多抗(DFLX-PcAb)工作浓度为1∶10000,酶标二抗的工作浓度为1∶4000,最适检测范围为0.1～10 ng/L,最低检测限为0.2 ng/L, 批内和批间变异系数分别为3.81%和6.25%。得到回归方程y=0.7975-0.125x（R2=0.989）和标准曲线，从而建立了DFLX的快速检测残留的间接竞争酶联免疫吸附试验（ci-ELISA）。     

玉米赤霉烯酮单克隆抗体的制备及间接竞争ELISA检测方法的初步建立

为了研究玉米赤霉烯酮的间接竞争ELISA检测方法,试验采用牛血清白蛋白与玉米赤霉烯酮的耦联物(ZEN-BSA)做包被抗原,标准玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)做竞争抗原,以制备的可稳定分泌抗ZEN的单克隆抗体为基础,初步建立了ZEN间接竞争ELISA检测方法。结果表明:间接竞争ELISA检测方法线性范围为0.363 2～78.985 2μg/L,最低检测限为0.231 9μg/L;曲线回归方程为y=68.711-25.666x,其中R2=0.987 1,批内平均变异系数为3.10%,批间平均变异系数为6.26%,与相似毒素的交叉反应率均小于0.01%。说明建立的检测方法可以用于ZEN的检测。     

间接竞争ELISA检测TGEV方法的建立

猪传染性胃肠炎(transmissible gastroenteri-tis,TGE)是由冠状病毒科猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(transmissible gastroenteritis virus,TGEV)引起的以仔猪呕吐、腹泻、严重脱水为特征的消化道传染病。病毒粒子随粪便大量排出,是造成病毒扩大传播、仔猪大批死亡的重要原因。采取粪便样品进行病原检测,对该病早期诊断具有重要意义。目前针对TGEV感染有多种快速诊断方法,概括起来可分为针对病毒结构蛋白进行的各种免疫学诊断技术和近些年发展的以病毒核酸为基础的分子生物学检测方法。其中免疫学方法以其特异性强、易操作、不需要昂贵仪器等特点…     

Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody and Establishment of Indirect Competitive ELISA of Estradiol

In order to establish a sensitive,specific and rapid method for the detection of estradiol (E₂) residues, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) based on monoclonal antibody (MAb) for E₂ was developed. BALB/c mice were immunized by E₂-BSA and cell fusion technology was employed to screen hybridoma cell lines. One hybridoma cell line (3H3) was isolated, which produced monoclonal antibody that could binding E₂. Under the optimized conditions, the icELISA based on 3H3 for E₂ showed a half maximum inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) values of 1.636 ng/mL and detection ranges of 0.202 to 13.281 ng/mL with cross-reactivities for estriol and ethinyloestradiol of 0.31% and 0.25%, respectively, and negligible cross-reactivities with other E₂ analogs including estrone, estradiol valerate, estradiol benzoate, quinestrol, diethylstilbestrol and nonylphenol. The results demonstrated that the developed method could meet the requirements of high sensitivity detection of E₂ residue in food samples.     

Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody Against Lasalocid and Deveopment of Indirect Competitive ELISA Detection Method

To prepare monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against lasalocid (LAS) and establish an indirect competitive ELISA (Ci-ELISA) detection method,conjuaction of LAS-BSA and LAS-OVA were synthetized as the immunogen and coating antigen by using active ester method in this experiment. After 6 times of immunization,the spleen cells of mice and myeloma cells were fused. Finally,a hybridoma cell line that could stably secrete specific MAb against LAS was screened.The immunological subtype of the MAb was identified as IgG1,and its light chain was κ type.The titer of the ascites was 1:16 000, which showed no cross activity with monensin sodium, salinomycin sodium,maduramycin,cefalotin sodium and streptomycin sulfate. Ci-ELISA method was established based on the MAb against LAS with the linear equation was y=0.376x-0.2374(R²=0.9914), and the linear range was 5 to 1 000 ng/mL and the IC₅₀ was 90.22 ng/mL. The method was used to detect LAS in spiked samples and the recovery rate was 81.76% to 102.41% within the detection range,indicating that the method was successfully established with good accuracy and high sensitivity. The preparation of MAb against LAS and the establishment of Ci-ELISA method laid the foundation for the development of LAS detection kit.     

苯乙醇胺A单克隆抗体的研制及ELISA检测方法的建立

为制备苯乙醇胺A(phenylethanolamine A,PA)单克隆抗体,建立一种针对苯乙醇胺A的快速、简便、灵敏度高的检测方法,本试验采用重氮化法将制备的苯乙醇胺A衍生物分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清白蛋白(OVA)进行偶联作为免疫原和包被原。利用弗氏佐剂充分乳化免疫原(PA-BSA),按常规免疫程序免疫6～8周龄的雌性BALB/c小鼠,选择血清抗体效价较高的小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞以PEG法进行细胞融合。结果显示,经3次细胞亚克隆筛选后,最终筛选出一株可稳定分泌抗苯乙醇胺A单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为D6H8,利用此细胞以小鼠体内诱生法制备抗体。经鉴定,D6H8腹水抗体亚型为IgG1,轻链为κ链;纯化后的抗体与沙丁胺醇、盐酸克伦特罗、盐酸异丙肾上腺素和盐酸去氧肾上腺素均无明显的交叉反应(CR<0.18%),表明该抗体特异性良好。利用此抗体建立针对苯乙醇胺A药物残留检测的间接竞争ELISA方法,结果表明,腹水抗体效价为1∶12 800,猪肉中苯乙醇胺A添加浓度在5～1 000 ng/mL时线性关系良好,标准工作曲线为y=0.3861x-0.1845 (R^2=0.990),其IC₅₀为58.88 ng/mL,LOD为3.83 ng/mL,回收率在85.96%～104.32%之间。综上所述,本试验成功建立了检测苯乙醇胺A药物残留的间接竞争ELISA方法,该方法灵敏度高、稳定性较好。     

检测牛乳κ-酪蛋白的间接竞争ELISA法与间接ELISA法比较

试验旨在建立一种快速简单检测牛乳κ-酪蛋白（κ-CN）含量的酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）方法,为解决牛乳蛋白掺假问题提供一定的技术支持。以牛乳κ-CN为包被抗原,以酶标抗体（HRP-IgG）为检测抗体分别建立间接竞争ELISA法和间接ELISA法,并对两种检测方法进行分析比较。结果表明：对于间接竞争ELISA法,κ-CN抗原包被浓度为2.5 μg/mL,线性范围为62.5~1 000.0 ng/mL,变异系数< 2%,回收率在98.46%~101.68%;对于间接ELISA法,κ-CN抗原包被浓度为1.56 μg/mL,线性范围为0.098~3.125 μg/mL,变异系数< 1%,回收率在99.10%~101.06%。比较两种检测方法,间接竞争ELISA法检测耗时较短,抗体应用量较少,而间接法不需要包被成本较高的目标标准蛋白,相关系数也较高,但其检测体系组成成分较多,且需包被待测样品,较难组成ELISA试剂盒体系,不宜用于现场检测。因此,大规模制备ELISA试剂盒体系用于快速检测蛋白含量时可采用间接竞争法,不仅抗体应用量少、节约成本且快速、简单,可更好地用于科研实践。     

对虾白斑综合征病毒单抗介导间接ELISA的建立

从白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）青岛株感染的克氏原螯虾（Canbarus proclarkii）中提纯病毒，用纯化病毒免疫BALB／c小鼠，采用细胞融合法获得4株阳性杂交瘤细胞，分别命名为1B1、1E4、4E6和4E5。4株单抗均为IgM。4E5株单抗在免疫转印中与37500左右的病毒蛋白条带呈阳性反应。用此株单抗作一抗，建立检测病毒蛋白的间接ELISA。该方法用于人工感染WSSV的螯虾组织样品中病毒的检测，48h后即有阳性检出，而正常螯虾组织均呈阴性。     

Preparation of Cathepsin L1 Monoclonal Antibody Against Fasclala gigantica and Establishment of Double Antibody Sandwich ELISA

【Objective】 This study was intend to obtain cathepsin L1(rFgCat L1) specific monoclonal antibody and construct the double antibody sandwich ELISA.【Method】 Five BALB/c mice were immunized with 1 mg/mL rFgCat L1 protein for four times.Mouse splenocytes were isolated and fused with SP2/0 cells to construct hybridoma cells.Strong positive hybridoma cell lines were screened, 1×10⁶ cells were injected intraperitoneally per mouse to prepare monoclonal antibodies.Antibody titer and antigenic epitope were detected using ELISA method, antibody subtype and specificity were identified using Western blotting method.The double antibody sandwich ELISA was constructed by combining the anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody, and its sensitivity and specificity were tested.The positive and negative critical value was screened by 20 negative sera with positive control, and the constructed double antibody sandwich ELISA was verified by 47 goat positive sera and 47 dairy cow positive sera.【Result】 After immunization, the antibody titers in serum of 4 mice were all more than 10⁴.After isolated mouse with the highest immune response spleen cells were fused with SP2/0 cells total of 8 of them were positive cell lines were obtained after selective culture.5D5 and 7G6 were identified as strong positive strains with stable antibody secretion.After multiple subcloning screens and subcultures, the antibodies secreted in the cell supernatant were stable, with titers of 2⁹ and 2¹⁰ respectively, with ascites titers of 10⁷ and 10⁸.Western blotting and antibody subtype identification kits identified that the two antibodies were IgG1 type and the light chain was kappa type, both of which could specifically bind FgESP.According to the same antigen site was recognized by the two kinds of antibodies, the antigen titer of the two monoclonal antibodies were comparied, 7G6 was used as the coating antibody, and anti-rFgCat L1 was used as the enzyme-labeled secondary antibody.The optimized condition of method was that 7G6 was coated at a concentration of 2 μg/mL, the dilution concentration of anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody was 25 μg/mL, the dilution of Don-HRP-conjugated was 1∶4 000, 5% skimmed milk powder was selected as the blocking solution and the color development time was 25 min.The method was proved that could recognize the lowest antigen concentration of 0.625 μg/mL, also could specifically recognize antigen of Fasciola fasciatus.The constructed sandwich ELISA method was used for antigen detection of 47 dairy cow positive serum and 47 goat positive serum infective samples kept in the laboratory and the positive antigen rate were 72.3% and 78.7%, respectively.【Conclusion】 Anti-rFgCat L1 monoclonal antibody was successfully prepared and the double-sheet sandwich ELISA method for fascioliasis was constructed, which provided a good theoretical basis and material basis for the development of low-cost and rapid diagnostic kits.     

阪崎肠杆菌单克隆抗体制备及ELISA检测方法的建立

试验旨在制备抗阪崎肠杆菌的单克隆抗体,初步建立其ELISA检测方法。以灭活的阪崎肠杆菌全菌体为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,筛选血清效价高的小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行细胞融合,制备杂交瘤细胞,并用间接ELISA法选取阳性杂交瘤细胞,扩大培养后测定单克隆抗体的效价,进行特异性及抗体间的配对,使用mAb亚类检测试剂盒鉴定单克隆抗体的亚型,并利用得到的抗体建立双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法。本试验得到3株具有良好特异性能稳定分泌单克隆抗体的阳性细胞株5C10、2B6和Ab02,经两两配对,据阳性D_{450 nm}值及P/N值选择1：20000稀释的5C10作为包被抗体,1：40000稀释的Ab02作为酶标二抗,建立ELISA检测法,应用建立的方法与荧光定量PCR方法检测动物实验室保存的20份进出口送检奶粉样品,结果显示试验结果一致。本试验成功制备阪崎肠杆菌的单克隆抗体并建立其ELISA检测法,为大批量快速检测阪崎杆菌奠定了基础。     

氯霉素单克隆抗体的制备及ELISA检测方法的建立

本研究旨在建立检测动物源性食品中氯霉素（CAP）残留的间接竞争ELISA（ci-ELISA）方法。在CAP羟基（-OH）位点上引入活性基团羧基（-COOH）得到氯霉素半琥珀酸酯（CAP-HS）;采用混合酸酐法将CAP-HS分别与BSA和OVA偶联合成人工免疫原CAP-HS-BSA和包被抗原CAP-HS-OVA,用CAP-HS-BSA免疫BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA和ci-ELISA筛选细胞融合备用鼠;应用杂交瘤技术制备抗CAP单克隆抗体;以CAP单克隆抗体为基础、CAP-HS-OVA为检测原建立ci-ELISA方法。结果显示,试验成功筛选获得一株稳定分泌抗CAP抗体的杂交瘤细胞株（2C4）,抗体效价为4.8×10^-5,利用2C4腹水优化得到ci-ELISA最佳试验条件：0.4 μg/mL CAP-HS-OVA 37℃包被2 h;5%猪血清37℃封闭1 h;1：6.4×10⁴ CAP单克隆抗体37℃孵育15 min;1：1 000羊抗鼠酶标二抗（GaMIgG-HRP）37℃孵育30 min;室温显色9 min。绘制的CAP残留ci-ELISA标准曲线为典型的S型,与4参数logit拟合曲线相吻合,半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）为0.53 ng/mL。添加回收试验结果显示,阴性鱼肉、牛奶的回收率分别为93.3%~96.6%和93.7%~96.8%,批内变异系数分别为2.3%~5.0%和2.2%~4.6%,批间变异系数分别为2.7%~4.1%和2.3%~3.6%。HPLC对比试验结果显示,ci-ELISA与HPLC的测定结果无显著差异。本试验成功建立了CAP的ELISA残留检测方法,该方法具有较高的灵敏度、准确度和精密度,可满足动物源性食品中CAP残留检测要求。     

鸭出血症病毒间接ELISA检测方法的建立与应用

为了建立快速检测鸭出血症病毒(DHDV)的血清学方法,本试验利用浓缩纯化的DHDV作为包被抗原,建立了检测DHDV血清抗体的间接ELISA方法,并对各种检测条件进行了优化。试验结果表明,抗原最佳稀释浓度为7.06 μg/孔;最佳包被条件为37 ℃ 1 h后,4 ℃包被过夜;待检血清的最佳稀释倍数为1:25。在优化条件下,阴阳性临界值判定标准为0.44。建立的ELISA方法对鸭瘟病毒、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、雏番鸭细小病毒和番鸭呼肠孤病毒阳性血清均无交叉反应,结果表明该方法具有良好的特异性。批内和批间重复性试验的最大变异系数分别为0.0221、0.0032,显示该方法具有很好的稳定性,与血清中和试验的符合率为100%。该方法快速、简单、特异性好、重复性好,可用于大批量监测鸭群DHDV血清抗体感染情况。