罗伊氏乳杆菌抑制致病性大肠杆菌感染效果的研究

本研究旨在探索益生罗伊氏乳杆菌抑制致病性大肠杆菌感染昆明鼠的效果、剂量及潜在机制。将96只昆明鼠随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只,分别为对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。昆明鼠饲喂商品化基础日粮,对照组饮用自来水,低、中、高剂量组在饮水中分别添加1.0×10⁶、1.0×10⁷及1.0×10⁸ CFU/mL罗伊氏乳杆菌。试验期为28 d,试验结束后称重,计算昆明鼠平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）及料重比（F/G）;并灌胃致病性大肠杆菌（4.98×10⁹ CFU/mL）,观察小鼠死亡率;检测血清大肠杆菌肠毒素含量、抗氧化能力及肠道菌群数量。结果显示,中剂量组小鼠末重和平均日增重均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,小鼠死亡率、血清大肠杆菌肠毒素浓度和丙二醛（MDA）水平均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。中剂量组血清总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和总抗氧化力（T-AOC）活力均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,总乳杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著提高（P<0.05）,大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌含量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上,在小鼠饮水中添加罗伊氏乳杆菌可提高生长性能,改善攻毒后机体抗氧化力和盲肠菌群结构,降低血清大肠杆菌肠毒素含量和小鼠死亡率,有效降低致病性大肠杆菌的感染造成的死亡率,其中添加1.0×10⁷ CFU/mL伊氏乳杆菌效果最好。     

丁酸梭菌和乳酸菌对青年鸽免疫指标、血清抗氧化指标及肠道功能的影响

本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌和乳酸菌对青年鸽免疫性能、血清抗氧化指标、小肠消化酶活性和肠道形态的影响。选取80日龄左右的雌性青年鸽384只,将其随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只。其中A组饲喂基础日粮,B、C和D组分别在基础日粮中添加1×10⁸ CFU/kg丁酸梭菌、5×10⁹ CFU/kg乳酸菌和5×10⁹ CFU/kg乳酸菌+1×10⁸ CFU/kg丁酸梭菌。预试期7 d,试验期28 d。结果表明：①与A组相比,B、C、D组脾脏指数和法氏囊指数均有所提高,但差异不显著（P>0.05）。②与A组相比,B、C、D组青年鸽血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性及总抗氧能力（T-AOC）均显著提高（P<0.05）,丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）;与B、C组相比,D组血清T-AOC及CAT、GSH-Px活性均显著提高（P<0.05）。③与A组相比,B、D组十二指肠内胰蛋白酶活性显著提高（P<0.05）,D组脂肪酶活性显著提高（P<0.05）。④与A组相比,D组十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低（P<0.05）,B组十二指肠及D组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度比值均显著提高（P<0.05）。综上所述,在日粮中添加丁酸梭菌和乳酸菌有利于改善青年鸽肠道形态,提高小肠消化酶活性及血清抗氧化能力,从而增强青年鸽的免疫力。     

乳酸菌制剂对肉仔鸡鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的控制效果研究

本试验旨在研究乳酸菌制剂对肉仔鸡鼠伤寒沙门菌（ST）感染的控制效果。选择无ST感染的1日龄AA公雏480只，随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复20只。其中未感染组饲喂基础日粮；感染组饲喂基础日粮且沙门菌感染；抗生素组在基础日粮中添加40 mg/kg盐酸恩诺沙星；乳酸菌组在基础日粮中添加3×10⁹ CFU/kg乳酸菌制剂（植物乳杆菌、噬酸乳杆菌和屎肠球菌等比例混合）。5日龄时，除未感染组外，其他各组每只鸡灌服1 mL（10⁵ CFU）ST液。7、14和21日龄时，每个重复随机选2只鸡，采血、屠宰、取样。结果显示，ST感染显著降低了1~21日龄肉仔鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增重，日粮中添加乳酸菌制剂显著提高了平均日采食量和平均日增重（P<0.05），且达到了未感染组和抗生素组水平。基于器官指数和组织载菌量，乳酸菌制剂对肉仔鸡ST感染表现出显著的控制效果（P<0.05）。14、21日龄时，乳酸菌组和抗生素组白细胞介素-10（IL-10）含量均显著高于未感染组（P<0.05）；21日龄时，乳酸菌组肉仔鸡血清IL-10含量显著低于感染组，免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）含量显著升高（P<0.05）；乳酸菌组肉仔鸡血清IL-10和SIgA含量与抗生素组间差异不显著（P>0.05），而IgG水平显著低于抗生素组（P<0.05）。综上，日粮中添加乳酸菌制剂能显著抑制肉仔鸡肠道ST的数量及组织感染，能显著缓解炎症反应、提高免疫水平和生产性能。     

复合益生菌对肉鸽生长性能和免疫机能的影响

本试验旨在研究复合益生菌对肉鸽生长性能和免疫机能的影响。选取72对种鸽和144只1日龄乳鸽,乳鸽称量初始体重后随机分成4个试验组,每个试验组6个重复,每个重复3对种鸽及6只乳鸽。各组饲喂相同基础日粮,对照组补饲保健砂,Ⅰ组补饲保健砂+复合菌Ⅰ（6×10⁷ CFU/g嗜酸乳杆菌+6×10⁷ CFU/g乳双歧杆菌）,Ⅱ组补饲保健砂+复合菌Ⅱ（6×10⁷ CFU/g乳双歧杆菌+6×10⁷ CFU/g粪肠球菌）,Ⅲ组补饲保健砂+复合菌Ⅲ（6×10⁷ CFU/g嗜酸乳杆菌+6×10⁷ CFU/g粪肠球菌）。试验期56 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组显著提高了肉鸽的28和56日龄体重和平均日增重（P<0.05）。Ⅱ组显著提高了28日龄肉鸽的胸腺指数（P<0.05）;Ⅲ组显著提高了56日龄肉鸽的脾脏指数（P<0.05）。3个复合菌组提高了28和56日龄肉鸽血清中免疫球蛋白的含量,但均未达到显著水平（P>0.05）。综上所述,保健砂中添加复合益生菌可提高肉鸽的生长性能、免疫器官指数,并一定程度上能提高肉鸽的免疫力,其中乳双歧杆菌和粪肠球菌组效果最好。     

复合微生态制剂对犊牛生长性能、粪样微生物和血液指标的影响

旨在研究复合微生态制剂对犊牛生长性能、粪样微生物数量、腹泻率和血清指标的影响。选取3~5月龄犊牛20头,按性别、体重基本一致的原则将犊牛分为对照组和试验组,每组10头犊牛,对照组犊牛饲喂基础日粮,试验组犊牛基础日粮中添加含有酿酒酵母菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和乳酸菌的复合微生态制剂,饲喂试验共30d。记录犊牛在试验开始和结束时的体重,计算并比较2组犊牛在试验期间的总增重和平均日增重;分别收集犊牛在试验开始和结束时的粪便样本,检测并比较2组犊牛在饲喂试验前后的粪样微生物数量;记录2组犊牛在试验期间的腹泻情况,计算并比较2组犊牛的腹泻率;试验结束时采集犊牛的血液样本,测定并比较2组犊牛的主要血液指标。结果表明,饲粮中添加复合微生态制剂对犊牛生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05);饲喂复合微生态制剂的犊牛粪样中乳酸菌的数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),粪样乳酸菌数达到2.28×10^7CFU/g,试验组犊牛粪样中大肠菌群的数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且犊牛腹泻率也低于对照组;试验组犊牛的血清生化指标与对照组相比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加复合微生态制剂能有效改善犊牛肠道菌群并且降低犊牛的腹泻率。     

表达耐热肠毒素的重组大肠杆菌对7日龄仔猪肠道形态结构及抗氧化功能的影响

试验旨在研究表达耐热肠毒素（STa）的重组大肠杆菌对7日龄仔猪肠道形态结构及抗氧化功能的影响。选取24头7日龄仔猪,随机分在4个日粮处理组,分别为对照组（人工乳）,STa组（人工乳+2×10⁹ CFU重组菌LMG194-pBAD-STa）,LMG194组（人工乳+2×10⁹ CFU大肠杆菌LMG194）,K88组（人工乳+2×10⁹ CFU大肠杆菌K88）。试验第5天进行攻毒,第7天屠宰取样,测量小肠黏膜的绒毛高度和隐窝深度,检测空肠、回肠、结肠及血清中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）、总一氧化氮合成酶（TNOS）与诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的活力及血清中丙二醛（MDA）与过氧化氢（H₂O₂）的含量。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,STa组仔猪各肠段绒毛高度均显著降低（P<0.05）,十二指肠隐窝深度及绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值显著降低（P<0.05）,十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛表面积显著降低（P<0.05）;同时,STa组回肠、结肠CAT活力显著降低,血清、空肠、回肠和结肠中的TNOS活力显著降低（P<0.05）,STa组结肠iNOS活力显著降低（P<0.05）,STa组血清中的MDA与H₂O₂含量显著提高（P<0.05）。结果显示,表达STa的重组大肠杆菌可导致7日龄仔猪肠道结构损伤和抗氧化能力下降。     

复合微生态制剂对育肥羔羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血液生化指标的影响简

试验旨在研究微生态制剂对育肥羔羊生长性能、养分表观消化率和血液生化指标的影响。选用180只体重(20.45±0.77)kg的育肥羔羊,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组在基础日粮中分别添加0.1%、0.2%微生态制剂,试验期30 d。结果显示,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的平均日增重分别比对照组提高了12.88%（P<0.05）和7.36%（P>0.05）;平均日采食量虽有所升高但差异均不显著（P＞0.05）;料重比分别比对照组降低了6.50%和6.00%（P＜0.05）。日粮中添加微生态制剂可显著提高有机质、粗蛋白质和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率（P＜0.05）;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血清中尿素氮含量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,血糖含量显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,但血清总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇和甘油三酯的含量试验组与对照组相比差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。结果表明,日粮中添加微生态制剂可提高羔羊生长性能和营养物质表观消化率,降低血清尿素氮含量,提高血糖含量,0.1%添加组优于0.2%添加组。     

微生态制剂对生长猪生产性能、氮磷排放量及血清免疫指标的影响

试验旨在探讨微生态制剂对生长猪生长性能、养分消化率、氮磷排放量及血清免疫指标的影响。选取48头29kg左右的(杜×长×大)生长猪,随机分成对照组、抗生素组和微生态制剂组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组饲喂添加75mg/kg金霉素的基础饲粮,微生态制剂组饲喂添加2 000mg/kg微生态制剂的基础饲粮,试验期28d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,微生态制剂组和抗生素组的日采食量和日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料肉比降低(P>0.05);(2)微生态制剂组的粗蛋白、粗纤维、灰分、能量和无氮浸出物的表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),粗脂肪、钙和磷的表观消化率提高(P>0.05),与抗生素组相比,各养分表观消化率均提高,但差异不显著(P>0.05);(3)微生态制剂组和抗生素组单位增重氮(N)P的摄入量较对照组高,但差异不显著(P>0.05),单位增重粪N、P排放量方面,微生态制剂组较对照组低(P>0.05),抗生素较对照组高(P>0.05);(4)与对照组相比,微生态制剂组和抗生素组的血清IgG和IgM水平有不同程度的提高,但两者间差异不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,饲粮中添加2 000mg/kg微生态制剂可提高生长猪的生长性能和养分消化率,减少粪中N、P排放和增强免疫力。     

耐镉乳酸菌对蛋鸡组织和鸡蛋中镉残留及部分矿物元素沉积的影响

试验旨在探明耐镉乳酸菌对蛋鸡的脏器系数、镉在蛋鸡组织及鸡蛋中的残留及钙、铁、锌、锰、铜和硒在组织和鸡蛋中沉积的影响。试验分为5组：对照组,饲喂基础日粮;镉组,基础日粮+5 mg/kg镉（以氯化镉的形式添加）;乳酸菌组,基础日粮+1×10¹⁰ CFU/kg耐镉乳酸菌;镉+低剂量乳酸菌组,基础日粮+5 mg/kg镉+1×10¹⁰ CFU/kg耐镉乳酸菌;镉+高剂量乳酸菌组,基础日粮+5 mg/kg镉+1×10¹¹ CFU/kg耐镉乳酸菌,试验期6周。试验期末,采集各组蛋鸡血液,测定总抗氧化力（T-AOC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力;采集各组蛋鸡内脏组织和鸡蛋,计算脏器系数,同时测定组织和鸡蛋中镉、钙、铁、铜、锌、锰及硒元素含量。结果显示,与对照组相比,镉及乳酸菌组显著提高了蛋鸡总抗氧化能力（P<0.05）。各处理组中,镉组脾脏指数最低,镉加乳酸菌组脾脏指数显著高于镉组（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,乳酸菌组显著提高心脏指数（P<0.05）。镉组致蛋鸡肝脏和肾脏中镉残留量远高于其他组织,补加耐镉乳酸菌显著减少了心脏的镉残留量（P<0.05）。与对照组相比,镉组显著降低肾脏钙、脾脏和卵黄的锰含量（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,镉加低剂量耐镉乳酸菌显著增加肾脏锰含量、卵黄铁含量及肾脏和脾脏铜含量（P<0.05）;镉在鸡蛋中的残留量较低,与对照组相比,镉组显著降低鸡蛋铁、锰元素含量（P<0.05）,补加耐镉乳酸菌显著增加铁、锌、锰和硒元素含量（P<0.05）。结果表明,在蛋鸡日粮中添加1×10¹⁰ CFU/kg的耐镉乳酸菌,可显著提高蛋鸡血清总抗氧化力水平和蛋鸡的心脏指数,显著改善镉暴露导致的脾脏萎缩和心脏镉的残留量;同时显著增加锰、铜、铁在肾脏、脾脏及卵黄中的含量及铁、锌、锰和硒在鸡蛋中的含量。     

乳酸菌制剂对肉仔鸡鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的控制效果研究

本试验旨在研究乳酸菌制剂对肉仔鸡鼠伤寒沙门菌(ST)感染的控制效果。选择无ST感染的1日龄AA公雏480只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只。其中未感染组饲喂基础日粮;感染组饲喂基础日粮且沙门菌感染;抗生素组在基础日粮中添加40 mg/kg盐酸恩诺沙星;乳酸菌组在基础日粮中添加3×10~9 CFU/kg乳酸菌制剂(植物乳杆菌、噬酸乳杆菌和屎肠球菌等比例混合)。5日龄时,除未感染组外,其他各组每只鸡灌服1 mL(10~5 CFU) ST液。7、14和21日龄时,每个重复随机选2只鸡,采血、屠宰、取样。结果显示,ST感染显著降低了1～21日龄肉仔鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增重,日粮中添加乳酸菌制剂显著提高了平均日采食量和平均日增重(P0.05),且达到了未感染组和抗生素组水平。基于器官指数和组织载菌量,乳酸菌制剂对肉仔鸡ST感染表现出显著的控制效果(P0.05)。14、21日龄时,乳酸菌组和抗生素组白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量均显著高于未感染组(P0.05);21日龄时,乳酸菌组肉仔鸡血清IL-10含量显著低于感染组,免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)含量显著升高(P0.05);乳酸菌组肉仔鸡血清IL-10和SIgA含量与抗生素组间差异不显著(P0.05),而IgG水平显著低于抗生素组(P0.05)。综上,日粮中添加乳酸菌制剂能显著抑制肉仔鸡肠道ST的数量及组织感染,能显著缓解炎症反应、提高免疫水平和生产性能。     

Effects of Lactobacillus Probiotics on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes in Arctic Foxes

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Lactobacillus probiotics on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indexes in arctic foxes during the winter fur-growing period. Forty 135-day-old female arctic foxes with a similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 fox per replicate. The foxes in control group were fed basal diets,while that of groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed basal diet+0.02% colistin sulfate, basal diet+1 mL Lactobacillus probiotics (active Lactobacillus was 3×10⁹ CFU/mL) and basal diet+10 mL Lactobacillus probiotics,respectively. The results showed that:Compared to the control group,the addition of Lactobacillus probiotics significantly increased the average daily gain (P<0.05) and significantly decreased the F/G of arctic foxes during the winter fur-growing period (P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of EE and GE were significantly increased when arctic foxes fed diet supplemented with Lactobacillus probiotics (P<0.05).Supplementation of high level Lactobacillus probiotics could significantly decrease serum total cholesterol (P<0.05). Additionally,serum alanine aminotransferase concentration of group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than that of the other three treatments (P<0.01). Moreover,the serum aspartate aminotransferase concentration was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion,the addition of Lactobacillus probiotics had beneficial effects on growth performance and apparent digestibility of EE and GE when arctic foxes got 3×10⁹ CFU/mL active Lactobacillus from the probiotics per day. The total cholesterol in serum was significantly decreased when arctic foxes get 3×10¹⁰ CFU/mL active Lactobacillus from the probiotics per day. It might cause the liver damage when arctic fox got colistin sulfate for a long time.     

Effects of Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Pigeon

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different compound probiotics on growth performance and immune function of pigeons. 72 pairs of breeding pigeons and 144 squabs were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 3 pairs of breeding pigeons and 6 young pigeons per replicate.The pigeons in all groups were fed the basal diet with health care sand,meanwhile and pigeons in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ supplemented with compound probiotics Ⅰ (6×10⁷ CFU/g Lactobacillus acidophilus+6×10⁷ CFU/g Bifidobacterium lactis),compound probiotics Ⅱ (6×10⁷ CFU/g Bifidobacterium lactis+6×10⁷ CFU/g Enterococcus faecalis) and compound probiotics Ⅲ (6×10⁷ CFU/g Lactobacillus acidophilus+6×10⁷ CFU/g Enterococcus faecalis),resperctively. The experiment lasted for 56 d. The results showed that compared with the control group,compound probiotics Ⅱ could significantly increase the body weight and the average daily gain of pigeon at 28 and 56 days of age (P<0.05). The thymus index of the 28 days old pigeon in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and the spleen index of the 56 days old pigeon in group Ⅲ was significantly increased (P<0.05). All the compound probiotics groups could increase serum immunoglobulin content of 28 and 56 days old pigeon,but did not reach a significant level (P>0.05).In summary,compound probiotics could improve the growth performance and immune organ indexes,and improve the immunity of pigeon to a certain extent, the Bifidobacterium lactis and Enterococcus feacalis had the better effect.     

Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri Supplementation on Inhibition of Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Kunming Mice

This study was aimed to explore the effect,dose of Lactobacillus reuteri on inhibition of pathogenic Escherichia coli infection on Kunming mice as well as its potential mechanism. 96 Kunming mice were randomly allocated into four groups with 4 replicates per group and 6 mice per replicate,which were control group,low dose group,middle dose group and high dose group. All of the mice feed commercial basal feedstuff,meanwhile the mice in control group drank tap-water,three treatments were supplemented with 1.0×10⁶,1.0×10⁷ and 1.0×10⁸ CFU/mL Lactobacillus reuteri in water. The feeding period was 28 days. All the mice were weighted, and the ADFI,ADG and F/G were calculated at the end of experiment.At the day of 28,pathogenic Escherichia coli (4.98×10⁹ CFU/mL) were irrigated to study the mortality. The indexes of intestinotoxin and antioxidation in serum and cecal microbacteria were inspected.The results indicated that supplemented with middle dose of Lactobacillus reuteri could significantly improve the final body weight,ADG compared with the control (P<0.05). The mortality, serum intestinotoxin level and MDA concentration,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05),while the T-SOD,T-AOC,GSH-Px,Lacobacillus and Bifidobacterium were significantly improved (P<0.05).In conclusion,with Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation,the growth performance was improved and antioxidant capacity and cecal microbacteria were enhanced after pathogenic Escherichia coli infected, mouse mortality caused by the pathogenic Escherichia coli was effectively reduced,and the effect of 1.0×10⁷ CFU/mL Lactobacillus reuteri was the best.     

补喂复合益生菌对3~6月龄伊犁马粪便纤维含量、挥发性脂肪酸浓度和血浆细胞因子水平的影响

试验旨在研究补喂复合益生菌对3~6月龄伊犁马粪便纤维含量、VFA浓度和血浆细胞因子水平的影响。选取体重相近（90.23 kg±11.02 kg）、健康状况良好的3月龄伊犁马哺乳马驹10匹,随机分为2组,每组5匹,分别为对照组和试验组。在分阶段补喂等量营养水平的精料补充料和苜蓿干草的基础上,试验组每匹马驹每天补喂0.075 g（2×10¹¹ CFU/g）枯草芽孢杆菌和0.133 g（3×10¹⁰ CFU/g）植物乳杆菌复合菌,进行为期90 d的饲养试验。结果显示,补喂复合益生菌能够显著或极显著降低马驹粪便中酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和淀粉的含量（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）,分别比对照组低3.50%和11.32%;显著或极显著提高马驹粪便中乙酸和丙酸的浓度（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）,分别比对照组高14.65%和64.29%;极显著提高血浆中肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的水平（P < 0.01）,比对照组高16.17%。由此可见,补喂复合益生菌能够降低马驹粪便中纤维的含量、提高挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）的浓度,增加3~6月龄伊犁马血浆细胞因子水平。     

嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响

试验旨在研究嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响。选取21日龄健康黄羽肉公鸡180只,随机分为3组：对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂含6%棉粕的基础日粮,Ⅰ组饲喂含6%嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕的试验日粮,Ⅱ组饲喂含6%棉粕和7×10⁴ CFU/g嗜酸乳杆菌的试验日粮。结果显示：①42日龄时,各组间免疫器官指数无显著差异（P>0.05）。64日龄时,Ⅰ组的脾脏指数、法氏囊指数和血清中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）含量分别显著提高了47.69%、20.59%和5.77%（P<0.05）,脾脏中白细胞介素-10（IL-10） mRNA表达量极显著提高了449.37%（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组脾脏中γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和IL-10 mRNA表达量分别显著提高了153.45%和255.70%（P<0.05）;与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组脾脏中IL-10 mRNA表达量提高了54.45%（P>0.05）。②42日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅰ组血清的总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）分别显著提高了8.26%和22.13%（P<0.05）,肝脏T-AOC显著提高了22.34%（P<0.05）;与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组血清T-AOC显著提高了27.25%（P<0.05）。64日龄时,与对照组相比,Ⅰ组血清、肝脏T-SOD活性分别极显著提高了10.17%、26.17%（P<0.01）,血清GSH-Px活性显著提高了20.45%（P<0.05）;与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组血清、肝脏GSH-Px活性分别显著提高了19.45%、21.23%（P<0.05）,肝脏T-SOD活性极显著提高了18.41%（P<0.01）。以上研究结果提示,日粮中添加发酵棉粕可以显著增强黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能和抗氧化性能,嗜酸乳杆菌对黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能和抗氧化性能有一定的促进作用,但效果不显著。     

补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

试验旨在研究补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响.根据年龄、胎次、泌乳月龄相近的原则选择泌乳期伊犁母马24匹,随机分为4组,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别补饲0.05 g枯草芽孢杆菌(活菌数为2.0×10¹¹ CFU/g)和0.133 g植物乳杆菌(活菌数为3.0×10¹⁰ CFU/g)、0.10 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.266 g植物乳杆菌、0.15 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.399 g植物乳杆菌.结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲复合微生态制剂对泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白、血尿素氮含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响均差异不显著(P> 0.05);但补饲复合微生态制剂泌乳期伊犁母马血液中总蛋白、白蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性呈升高的趋势;试验Ⅱ组泌乳期伊犁母马血液中球蛋白含量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P <0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05).过氧化氢酶的活性试验Ⅱ组显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P <0.05),试验Ⅰ组与其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05);总抗氧化能力试验Ⅱ组显著高于试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P <0.05),其他各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05).因此,补饲植物乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌复合物对泌乳期母马增强免疫机能,改善氮沉积,提高机体抗氧化能力起到了一定作用,且补饲0.10 g枯草芽孢杆菌和0.266 g植物乳杆菌复合物时效果较为明显.     

The Effects of Compound Probiotics Supplementation on Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Capacity of Yili Mare during Lactation

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound probiotics supplementation on blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity of Yili mare during lactation.A total of 24 Yili mare during lactation were divided into four groups with similar age,parity,lactation months,i.e.groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and control group.The control group and trial groups fed with the same based diet,groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were supplemented with 0.05 g of Bacillus subtilis (2.0×10¹¹ CFU/g) and 0.133 g of plant Lactobacillus (3.0× 10¹⁰ CFU/g),0.10 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.266 g of plant Lactobacillus,0.15 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.399 g of plant Lactobacillus, respectively.The results showed as follows:Compared with control group,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen contents and GSH-Px,SOD activities of blood in trail groups were no significant differences (P >0.05);But supplementary feeding compound probiotics total protein,albumin contents and SOD activity of blood in trail groups had a upward trend.GLB content of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than the control group and groupⅠ(P <0.05);CAT activity of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than control group and group Ⅲ (P <0.05);T-AOC activity of blood in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than groupsⅠand Ⅲ (P <0.05);No significant difference was observed among other groups (P >0.05).Therefore,supplementary feeding plant Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis complexes had enhanced immune function,improved the nitrogen deposition and the body's antioxidant capacity of Yili mare during lactation,when supplementary feeding 0.10 g of Bacillus subtilis and 0.266 g of plant Lactobacillus complexs was more obvious effect.