禽源沙门氏菌的血清型分布与耐药性分析

对89株禽源沙门氏菌临床分离菌株进行了血清型鉴定,鉴定出肠炎沙门氏菌（S．enteritidis）17株,纽波特沙门氏菌（Snewport）1株,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（S．typhimurium）6株和鸡白痢沙门氏菌（S．pullorum）65株。结果表明,89株禽源沙门氏菌中有24株（27．0％）为能够引起人的沙门氏菌感染的血清型,具有重要的公共卫生学意义,而且这24株沙门氏菌中多重耐药菌株有12株（50．0％）。用微量稀释法检测了89株禽源沙门氏菌对18种抗菌药物的耐药性。检测结果表明,所有分离菌株均对阿米卡星和头孢曲松敏感;在使用的其他16种抗菌药物中,89株禽源沙门氏菌分离菌株对链霉素耐药率最高,为43．8％,其次为四环素、头孢噻吩、头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考、奥比沙星、萘啶酸和氨苄西林,耐药率分别为30．3％、22．5％、22．5％、20.2％、20.2％、19．1％和19．1％;对氯霉素、环丙沙星、沙拉沙星、恩诺沙星、左氟沙星、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素呈现轻度的耐药性,耐药率分别为10．1％、9．0％、9．0％、7．9％、7．9％、6．7％、6.7％和2．2％。     

活禽与饲料源沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及其耐药性对比研究

利用微生物培养法和PCR法对沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定。采用MIC法对13种抗菌药进行药物敏感性对比试验。结果表明,饲料源沙门氏菌耐药程度远低于禽源沙门氏菌,仅对3种药物出现耐药,而禽源沙门氏菌对10种药物同时耐药,且耐药率达100%。     

禽源沙门氏菌的分离与鉴定

为调查乌鲁木齐市及周边地区临床上病死鸡以及市场上出售健康鸡的沙门氏菌的感染情况,在兴农动物医院门诊、北园春活禽交易市场等地无菌采集病料或肛拭子共178份,接种到蛋白胨缓冲液培养管中增菌24h后,通过SS琼脂培养、三塘铁斜面、尿素管初步鉴定,共分离到待检菌株18株,经PCR检测最终确定18株全为沙门氏菌。18株沙门氏菌有17株来源于10日龄内雏鸡,1株来源于蛋鸡。说明沙门氏菌病雏鸡发病率高,成年鸡发病率低。     

15株禽源沙门菌的分离鉴定与耐药性试验

本试验旨在对沙门菌临床分离株进行鉴定及其耐药性进行研究。通过收集2012年2月-7月间具有典型沙门菌病病变特征的病例,无菌采集病死禽的肝脏、心、卵巢等脏器接种血清营养琼脂培养基,以麦康凯琼脂培养基纯化分离菌,并检测其生化特点,16S rDNA基因测序法快速鉴定分离菌株,然后进一步鉴定血清型;同时用15种抗菌药物进行药敏试验。结果显示,有15株细菌在麦康凯琼脂培养基上为无色、透明的菌落,能利用葡萄糖、甘露醇,不发酵乳糖、蔗糖,符合沙门菌的生化特性。同时,15株沙门菌的16S rDNA序列分析结果显示,分离株的同源性达到97%以上。15株沙门菌的血清学试验结果显示,有7株鼠伤寒沙门菌、5株伤寒沙门菌、2株肠炎沙门菌、1株鸡白痢沙门菌。药敏试验结果显示,分离细菌对链霉素、萘啶酸、强力霉素和美洛西林耐药率高。     

猪源沙门氏菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析

对采自贵州省某规模化养猪场的57份腹泻仔猪肠道样本进行沙门氏菌的分离鉴定,并用药敏纸片法对其进行耐药性分析。结果,共分离鉴定沙门氏菌20株;药敏试验表明所鉴定沙门氏菌对抗菌药物的耐药率从高到低依次是麦迪霉素、红霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素和诺氟沙星,且均为多重耐药株,耐药种类达12种以上。研究结果对合理使用药物控制仔猪沙门氏菌感染提供了理论依据。     

禽源大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌耐药性研究

试验主要对山东、河南及安徽共五个养禽场分离的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌进行耐药性研究,研究结果表明:所有分离菌株对大多数药的耐药率都非常高,并且多重耐药情况严重,大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌对磺胺类药     

肉鸡源沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

试验对辽南地区某肉鸡场疑似沙门氏菌感染病例样本进行细菌分离鉴定,结合临床症状、病理剖检、染色镜检、生化试验确诊为沙门氏菌感染.通过药敏试验了解细菌耐药状况.结果表明,确定分离菌株为沙门氏菌,该菌株对阿米卡星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星高度敏感;对庆大霉素、卡那霉素、硫酸新霉素、四环素中度敏感;对青霉素、氨苄西林、万...     

北美水貂源沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及耐药性检测

为调查秦皇岛地区北美水貂沙门氏菌的检出率及耐药情况,对65份水貂样品中的细菌进行分离纯化,采用细菌的鉴定培养、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定和16S rDNA鉴定分离菌,采用小鼠致病性试验研究分离菌株的致病性,采用KB纸片法检测分离菌的耐药性。结果显示,经鉴定共计分离出9株沙门氏菌,分离率13.85%(9/65);9株沙门氏菌均可致小鼠发病死亡,死亡率20%—100%;9株沙门氏菌分别对5—11种抗生素药物耐药,氟苯尼考、替米考星、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶和复方新诺明的耐药率高达100%,土霉素敏感率最高,为88.89%(8/9)。上述研究结果表明,秦皇岛地区从水貂分离到的沙门氏菌均具有一定的致病力和多重耐药性,为该地区水貂沙门氏菌病的防治提供参考。     

鸡源致病性沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

通过对临床病死雏鸡的肝和心血处进行采样、分离、鉴定,获得13株致病性沙门氏菌。采用Kirby-Bauer法检测13株分离菌对10种抗菌药物的敏感性,结果表明,细菌对10种临床常用抗菌药物均表现出较高的耐药性,且均为两重或两重以上耐药,有的甚至达到对其中8种药物产生耐药性。13株分离菌对四环素的耐药率已高达100%,对复合磺胺、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉和氯霉素的耐药率分别为92.3%、84.6%、84.6%、84.6%、69.2%、23.1%和7.7%;对庆大霉素和卡那霉素敏感。结果表明,沙门氏菌的耐药现象已十分严重。     

昆明地区鸡源沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

为了解昆明周边养鸡场的沙门氏菌耐药状况,采集昆明周边5家养殖场的50只疑似沙门氏菌病的发病鸡的肝脏和脾脏进行细菌分离,通过常规生化特性鉴定和PCR分子鉴定,然后通过药敏试验检测分离株耐药性,通过PCR技术对分离株的耐药基因进行检测。结果表明:共分离出8株沙门氏菌,8株菌的靛基质试验、尿素酶试验和VP试验结果均呈阴性,S3、S4菌株不产H2S,柠檬酸试验也呈阴性,针对沙门氏菌设计特异性引物进行扩增,得到目的条带495 bp,与预期一致;在药敏试验中,分离株对氨苄西林和头孢氨苄有较强的耐药性,对四环素中介耐药,对恩诺沙星、加替沙星、卡那霉素、庆大霉素以及氧氟沙星敏感,说明分离株已出现耐药性;在所检测的6种耐药基因中,β-内酰胺类的bla TEM-1和喹诺酮类的GyrA基因检出率为100%,四环素类的tetA基因未被检出,其他三种耐药基因aadA1、tetB和strB检出率均在50%以上,说明分离株耐药基因的携带率较高,需要引起养殖业的重视。     

Isolation,Identification and Drug Resistance Analysis of Avian Salmonella in Anhui

In order to investigate the situation of predominant strain and antibiotic resistance of avian Salmonella in Anhui province, 42 strains Salmonella were isolated and identified from 116 suspected samples by culture characteristics, microscopic examination, biochemical test, PCR and serological identification,then drug resistance was analyzed by Kindy-Bauer method. There were 5 groups of 11 serotypes in 42 strains Salmonella, of which 30 strains belonged to B serogroup, 2 strains to A serogroup, 7 strains to D serogroup, 2 strains to C₁ serogroup, 1 strain to C₂ serogroup, and Salmonella Typhimurium of B serogroup were the predominant serotypes. All Salmonella isolates resistant rates to amikacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were less than 20%, and the resistance rates to ampicillin, streptomycin, furazolidone, spectinomycin, cotrimoxazole and doxycycline were more than 50%, while resistance rate to ampicillin was 97.62%, and 41 isolates had multiple drug resistance. The results showed that Salmonella Typhimurium was the predominant serotypes of avian Salmonella in Anhui, and isolates showed multiple drug resistance. This study would provide the data basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of clinical medicine of avian Salmonella.     

华中地区鸡源沙门菌分离鉴定及耐药性分析

为了探明华中地区种鸡场沙门菌(Salmonella)的优势血清型和耐药情况,本研究从湖北、河南、湖南等省市22个规模化鸡场采集病鸡、死胚及弱雏组织样品3 724份,通过分离培养、生化试验、PCR鉴定及血清型试验确定分离菌种属及其血清型,并采用Kirby-Bauer法对分离菌株进行了耐药性分析。结果显示,本试验从3 724份病料中共分离鉴定出124株沙门菌,其中79株为D群肠炎沙门菌(63.71%,79/124),34株为D群鸡白痢沙门菌(27.42%,34/124),8株为B群鼠伤寒沙门菌(6.45%,8/124),有3株沙门菌未能确定血清型。O抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌和34株鸡白痢沙门菌为O9,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为O4。H抗原鉴定79株肠炎沙门菌为Hg,m,8株鼠伤寒沙门菌为Hi。药敏试验结果显示,124株分离菌株对萘啶酸、氨苄青霉素、四环素和多西环素耐药率分别为95.97%(119/124)、91.94%(114/124)、57.26%(71/124)和70.16%(87/124);对复方新诺明和红霉素耐药率分别为25.81%(32/124)和12.10%(15/124);对氯霉素、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素耐药率分别为6.45%(8/124)、1.61%(2/124)、1.61%(2/124)和0.81%(1/124);对左氧氟沙星、阿米卡星和多黏菌素B完全敏感。99.19%(123/124)的分离株至少对一种药物耐药,87.10%(108/124)的分离株表现多重耐药。本研究为华中地区养鸡场沙门菌的诊断及防控提供了数据支撑。     

1例鸡白痢沙门氏菌的分离鉴定与耐药性分析

为查明河南省新乡市某规模化蛋鸡场疑似沙门氏菌感染病例的病原,进而制定合理的治疗方案,本研究无菌采集疑似病雏鸡肠管样品,用革兰氏染色、培养特性观察、生化试验、PCR方法对其进行确诊,并进行病原回归试验,采用药敏纸片琼脂扩散法（K-B法）分析分离菌对19种常见抗生素的耐药性。结果显示,本试验成功分离了一株革兰氏阴性短杆菌,该分离菌符合鸡白痢沙门氏菌的培养特性和生化特性;PCR成功扩出invA基因,通过与GenBank数据库比对分析确定该细菌为鸡白痢沙门氏菌;用分离细菌株感染SPF鸡能复制出与自然感染一致的病例,说明鸡白痢沙门氏菌是造成本养鸡场雏鸡发病的主要病原;分离株具有较强的致病性和多重耐药性,对阿米卡星、苯唑青霉素、青霉素耐药,对复达欣、氨苄青霉素、头孢曲松等药物敏感,将敏感抗生素用于临床治疗效果明显。结合以上结果,本研究提出该病的具体防治措施,并取得了较好的效果,为鸡白痢沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及防治提供了参考,对鸡白痢沙门氏菌病病原的早期诊断和治疗具有重要临床意义。     

Isolation,Identification and Analysis of Drug Resistance of Salmonella Pullorum

In order to investigate the epidemic situation and drug resistance of major epidemic Salmonella Pullorum in some areas of Xinjiang, 750 chickens with disease history were detected using the methods of plate agglutination, and a total of 78 cases were diagnosed infection with Salmonella Pullorumin by using Salmonella identification medium, histopathological observation, PCR and drug sensitivity test.The results showed that 69 of 78 cases suspect Salmonella Pullorum were isolated, and prove the biochemical characteristics and pathologic characteristics of Salmonella Pullorum, the invA gene was amplified successfully by PCR,the isolation rate was 9.2% and the serotype was diagnosed as D1. The isolates were the most resistant to vancomycin and neomycin, and Salmonella Pullorum resistant rate was 100.0% and 81.2%, respectively. Drug sensitive test results showed that the sensitive rate of the bacteria were more than 60.0% to ceftriaxone,clavulanate and polymyxin. This study provided reference for farmers and veterinary workers, which indicated it could be used for the purification of Salmonella Pullorum and clinical medication.     

鸡白痢沙门氏菌病原的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

为鉴定新疆某些地区鸡白痢沙门氏菌主要流行株的流行现状和耐药情况,本研究采用平板凝集试验方法对有发病史的种鸡场进行现场检测,被检的750只鸡中,发现78例疑似鸡白痢沙门氏菌感染,运用沙门氏菌鉴别培养基、组织病理学观察和PCR方法进行确诊,并进行药敏试验。结果显示,疑似的78例鸡白痢沙门氏菌中有69例符合鸡白痢沙门氏菌的生化特性和病理学特点,PCR成功扩增出invA基因,分离率为9.2%,血清型诊断为D1型;其中分离菌对万古霉素和新霉素耐药性最高,耐药率分别为100.0%和81.2%,而对头孢曲松、克拉维酸和多黏菌素的敏感率达60.0%以上。本研究为养殖户和兽医工作者在净化鸡白痢沙门氏菌及临床用药方面提供参考。     

Isolation,Identification and Analysis of Serotype and Drug Resistance of Salmonella from Pigeon in Shanghai

The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular types and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from pigeon in Shanghai from 2011 to 2014. A total of 92 fecal samples were collected from markets. XLD plate and Salmonella chromogenic medium were used to isolate suspected Salmonella colonies, and then determined the number of Salmonella through gram staining and biochemical tests. Among them, 24(26.1%) were positive for Salmonella. Kauffmann-White method and the K-B method were used respectively for serotype identification and susceptibility testing. In result, serological identification showed that 24 isolates from pigeon could be divided into 3 serotypes including S.typhimurium (66.7%), S.agona (25.0%) and S.corvallis (8.3%). Drug susceptibility test showed that 75.0% of the isolates were resistant to one antibiotic at least. The highest level resistance were found for tetracycline as well as sulfisoxazole (62.5%), followed by streptomycin (58.3%), nalidixic acid (50.0%) and ampicillin (20.8%). Multi-drug resistant strains accounted for 62.5% (15), in which the largest number of strains (7, 16.7%) were resistant to four drugs. In addition, isolates were 100.0% susceptible to cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem and ofloxacin, but 12.5% were moderately sensitive to the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin. The study showed that Salmonella had a high separation rate of pigeon in Shanghai farmers market and performed serious multidrug resistance, which would bring great challenges and risks to the prevention and control of Salmonella in food, so that the prevalence and drug resistance of Salmonella in pigeon deserved close attention.     

腹泻仔猪肠道致病性大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌的分离鉴定与耐药性研究

为探明仔猪细菌性腹泻肠道致病性大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌流行的血清型、耐药表型及耐药基因型,本试验采集了贵州省5个地（州）市7个规模化养猪场的128份腹泻仔猪肠道样本,并对采集的样本进行了大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌分离与鉴定,通过动物试验鉴定菌株的致病性,利用血清学方法鉴定其血清型,并通过药敏纸片法对主要致病菌进行耐药性研究,采用PCR技术检测各致病菌株耐药相关基因,分析细菌耐药表型和耐药基因型相关性。结果显示,本研究共分离鉴定到78株致病性大肠埃希氏菌与21株沙门氏菌,致病性大肠埃希氏菌血清型以O138、O87为主,沙门氏菌血清型以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌居多;药敏试验结果表明,本试验分离到的78株致病性大肠埃希氏菌对β-内酰胺类药物耐药率达80%以上,对其他种类的抗菌药耐药率均超过40%,分离鉴定的21株沙门氏菌对氨基糖苷类药物耐药率达50%以上,对其他种类的抗菌药耐药率均达20%以上;本试验分离鉴定的致病性大肠埃希氏菌共检出12种耐药相关基因,沙门氏菌共检出10种耐药相关基因,两种细菌耐药基因型与耐药表型符合率均达60%以上,且均为多重耐药。本研究为仔猪腹泻的综合防控提供了理论依据。     

上海市肉鸽沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及流行血清型和耐药性分析

为了解上海市农贸市场肉鸽群体中沙门氏菌流行血清型和耐药情况,本试验于2011-2014年间从上海市各区农贸市场采集肉鸽新鲜粪便样本92份,用XLD平板和沙门氏菌属显色培养基分离疑似沙门氏菌,革兰氏染色镜检并进行生化试验,共获得沙门氏菌24株,分离率为26.1%。采用Kauffmann-White法和K-B纸片法对24株沙门氏菌进行血清型鉴定和16种抗生素的药敏试验。血清型鉴定显示,24株沙门氏菌可分为鼠伤寒（66.7%）、阿贡纳（25.0%）和科瓦利斯（8.3%）3种血清型。药敏试验结果显示,有75.0%（18株）的分离株表现出不同程度耐药,其中分离株对四环素和磺胺异唑耐药率最高,均达到62.5%,其次为链霉素（58.3%）、萘啶酸（50.0%）、氨苄西林（20.8%）。多重耐药菌株15株（62.5%）,耐4种抗菌药物的菌株最多,占16.7%（7株）。另外,分离菌株对头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、头孢噻甲羧肟、亚胺培南、氧氟沙星等5种药物的敏感率为100.0%,对奥格门丁和环丙沙星有12.5%的中介敏感率。本研究结果表明,上海市肉鸽中沙门氏菌的携带率较高,且菌株多重耐药现象较严重,这为食品中沙门氏菌的防控工作带来较大的挑战和风险,肉鸽沙门氏菌的流行和耐药情况应值得密切关注。     

Isolation,Identification and Drug Resistance Analysis of Interstinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella Isolated from Diarrhea Piglets

In order to find out the serotype, resistant phenotype and genotype of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella in piglets, this study collected 128 samples of diarrhea piglets from seven large-scale pig farms in five cities in Guizhou province, and the E. coli and Salmonella were isolated and identified. The pathogenicity of the strain was identified by animal test. The drug resistance of the main pathogen was tested by drug susceptibility paper. The resistance gene of each pathogen was detected by PCR. The drug resistance and genotype correlation of the bacterial were analyzed. The results showed that 78 strains of pathogenic E. coli and 21 strains of Salmonella were isolated and identified in this study. The serotypes of pathogenic E. coli were predominantly O138 and O87. Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis were predominant serotypes. The susceptibility test showed that the resistant strains of 78 strains of E. coli were more than 80% resistant to β-lactams and more than 40% for other antibacterials. The resistance rate of 21 strains of Salmonella to aminoglycosides was more than 50% and more than 20% to other types of antibacterials; 12 and 10 kinds of drug resistance-related genes of E. coli and Salmonella were detected, respectively; The coincidence rate of resistant genotype and phenotype of two kinds of bacteria were above 60%, and both were multiple drug resistance. This study provided a theoretical basis for comprehensive prevention and control of piglets diarrhea.     

河南省猪源沙门氏菌分离鉴定、血清分型及药物敏感性分析?

为了解河南省猪源沙门氏菌的血清分型和耐药性,从郑州、开封、焦作等5市生猪屠宰场抽取猪盲肠内容物样品840份进行沙门氏菌分离。采用PCR、BD PhoenixTM-100全自动微生物鉴定系统和血清凝集反应对分离菌株进行鉴定,并通过微量肉汤稀释法对分离菌株进行药物敏感性分析。结果显示:从840份样品中共分离沙门氏菌45株,分离率为5.36%(45/840);分离的沙门氏菌共分为6个血清型,其中德尔卑(Derby)沙门氏菌为优势血清型;分离的沙门氏菌对四环素、磺胺异恶唑、大观霉素、氨苄西林耐药较严重,耐药率分别为82.22%、75.56%、73.33%、73.33%。结果表明:河南省存在一定的猪源沙门氏菌污染,尤其是德尔卑沙门氏菌,需要重点加强控制;沙门氏菌耐药情况较为严重,应进一步规范养殖环节抗菌药物的使用。