保定地区宠物医院常见临床急救病例调查

本文就保定地区宠物急救疾病进行了调查（2012年度和2013年度）,最后得出结论是：宠物急救病例在所有诊疗病例中所占的比例呈上升趋势,2012年所占比例为3.7%,2013年占总病例的5.2%。而且值得注意的是总病例数也在上升,传染病所占的比例有递减的趋势。     

广西南宁市某宠物医院犬细小病毒病的临床调查

对2012年到广西南宁市某宠物医院就诊的956例病犬进行临床调查,调查内容主要包括犬细小病毒病的发病率、发病季节、发病年龄、犬品种纯度与犬细小病毒病发病率的关系、免疫对犬细小病毒病的影响等.结果表明,犬细小病毒病发病率达14.3％;发病季节主要以春季、秋末和冬季为主;各种年龄阶段的犬均可发生,但以幼犬的发病率和死亡率较高;免疫是预防该病最有效的方法.     

射阳县2019年蚕病发生情况调查与分析

蚕病的发生和流行严重影响蚕桑生产安全,通过对射阳县2019年春蚕、中秋蚕、晚秋蚕蚕病发生情况的调查,了解当地蚕病发生原因,掌握发生规律,引导蚕农进一步做好蚕病防治工作,促进蚕桑生产稳定发展。     

某鹿场成年鹿突发后肢麻痹性疾病的调查

1973年春,某鹿场从吉林省双阳县购进公鹿185只,母鹿111只。10余年中,鹿只健康成长,获得较好的经济效益。1985年鹿茸价格下跌,鹿场对鹿只饲养管理放松,草料质量不好,甚至购入粮库多年霉败玉米及豆饼。1985年至1986年鹿群开始发病及死亡。1987年改换了草料,死亡率有所下降,但发生了一种以后肢麻痹为主要症状的疾病,严重者两后肢瘫痪倒地瘦弱死亡。我们于1989年7月5日至10日对该场进行了调查,并详细作了剖捡、细菌学、病理学等试验,确诊为慢性霉败饲料中毒引起的瘫痪,现将     

贵阳地区宠物猫疾病的流行病学调查

近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高和家庭成员结构的变化,许多城市出现宠物热,犬、猫等宠物越来越受到不同年龄层次人的青睐。作为伴侣动物的猫,随着其品种和数量的增加,猫的疾病也在逐年递增。因此,了解贵阳地区当前宠物猫疾病的流行情况及发病动态,对研究和制定猫病的防制措施具有重要意义。     

福建省2018-2019年非免疫鸡群鸡毒支原体血清学调查

为了了解和掌握鸡毒支原体（Mycoplasma galliscepticum,MG）在福建省近年的感染情况,本研究采用商品化ELISA抗体检测试剂盒对2018-2019年福建地区的21个鸡群、916份非免疫鸡群血清样品进行MG抗体检测,并统计分析MG在福建省感染流行情况。调查结果发现,2018-2019年福建地区非免疫鸡群的MG抗体总阳性率为69.43%(636/916),而检测的21个鸡群中,群体MG抗体阳性率为90.48%,其中阳性率0%～20%的有4个,21%～50%的有4个,51%～100%的有13个。育雏阶段（1～42日龄）鸡群MG抗体阳性率就高达37.10%,并且发现产蛋开始至淘汰阶段MG抗体阳性率为77.61%,MG抗体阳性率是育雏阶段的2倍以上。福建省蛋鸡和种鸡群MG感染率分别为79.22%和75.22%,并无显著差异。通过福建地区未免疫鸡群的MG抗体调查,发现MG在福建省内感染普遍,表明病原在鸡群中存在水平传播,同时种鸡群也存在着严重的MG感染,这为垂直传播提供可能。本研究通过调查福建省内MG在鸡群中的感染情况,为掌握MG在鸡群中的感染情况并采取防控措施降低鸡群MG感...     

2018年西安市牛羊布鲁氏菌病血清学调查与防控对策

为全面了解2018年西安市牛羊布鲁氏菌病(Brucellosis,布病)的流行情况,采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)和试管凝集试验(SAT)对28901份牛羊血清样品进行检测和确诊。结果显示6997份牛血清样品中检出阳性样品150份,21904份羊血清样品中检出阳性样品140份,牛个体阳性率为2.14%,羊个体阳性率为0.64%,牛羊个体阳性率为1.00%。根据调查结果,提出布病防控的建议和对策。     

河南省郑州市某宠物医院2例犬巴贝斯虫病的诊治

犬巴贝斯虫病是一种由硬蜱传播的犬血液寄生虫病,以春、夏季节多发,患病犬出现高热、黄疸、尿液发红、严重贫血、消瘦、精神萎靡等临床症状。选取河南省郑州市某宠物医院的2例犬巴贝斯虫病例进行分析,总结了犬巴贝斯虫病的诊治方法。     

2018年贵阳市奶畜布鲁氏菌病血清学调查

为掌握贵阳市2018年奶畜布鲁氏菌病的感染情况,以指导全市奶畜布鲁氏菌病的防控工作,采用虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验对全市7个奶牛场和1个奶山羊场的1275份血清样本进行布鲁氏菌血清学检测。结果:奶牛、奶山羊布鲁氏菌病阳性率分别为0.43%(5/1155)和0.00%(0/120),总体阳性率为0.39%(5/1275)。结果表明:贵阳市奶畜存在布鲁氏菌病感染,但感染率在国家控制标准以内,今后需实行检疫和扑杀相结合的防控策略。     

Prevalences of feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in cats in Sydney

Objective To determine prevalences of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infections in ‘healthy’ cats that, through acute misadventure or other circumstance, were presented to veterinary practitioners. Prevalences of FeLV and FIV in this population were compared to those in a population of predominantly sick cats. Design and procedures Serum specimens were obtained over a 2-year period from 200 cats oldeer than 1 year of age presented to veterinary clinics for routine procedures, including cat fight injuries or abscesses, vehicular trauma, neutering, dental scaling, vaccination, grooming or boarding. An additional 894 sera were obtained over approximately the same period from specimens submitted by veterinarians to a private clinical pathology laboratory, mainly from sick cats suspected of having immune dysfunction, but including some sera from healthy cats being screened prior to FeLV vaccination. FIV antibody and FeLV antigen were detected in samples using commercial enzyme immunoassays. Results Amongst 200 ‘healthy’ cats, the prevalence of FeLV infection was 0 to 2%, and the prevalence of FIV was 6.5 to 7.5%, depending on the stringency of the criteria used to define positivity. FIV infection was significantly more prevalent in cats which resided in an inner city environment (P = 0.013). Of the 894 serum specimens submitted to the laboratory by practitioners, 11/761 (1.4%) were FeLV positive, while 148/711 (20.8%) were FIV positive. The prevalence of FIV was significantly higher in these predominantly ‘sick’ cats than in cats seen for routine veterinary procedures (P < 0.00001), while there was no difference in the prevalence of FeLV (P = 0.75) Conclusions The prevalence of FeLV and FIV in healthy cats may have been substantially overestimated in some previous Australian surveys. FeLV infection would appear to be a rare cause of disease in Australian cats. The higher prevalence of FIV positivity in sick as opposed to healthy cats infers that FIV infection contributes to the development of disease.     

The use of immunohistochemistry and the polymerase chain reaction for detection of feline leukemia virus and feline sarcoma virus in six cases of feline ocular sarcoma

Ocular sarcoma was diagnosed by light microscopic examination in enucleated globes ( n  = 4), orbital tissue biopsy ( n  = 1) and ocular evisceration contents ( n  = 1) from six cats. To determine if feline leukemia virus (FeLV) or a replication-defective FeLV, feline sarcoma virus (FeSV), was present in these ocular sarcomas, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for FeLV were utilized. Immunohistochemical staining for FeLV glycoprotein 70 (gp70) was performed on all six formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors using an avidin–biotin complex technique. DNA was extracted from each specimen and a 166 bp region of the FeLV long-terminal repeat (LTR) was amplified by PCR. All tumors were composed primarily of spindle cells; two neoplasms had PAS-positive basement membrane enveloping areas of spindle cells. All tumors involved the uvea and five of six tumors showed transcleral extension, one of which invaded the optic nerve. Immunohistochemical staining for FeLV gp 70 was negative. PCR to amplify a portion of the FeLV LTR was negative. Based on these findings of these limited number of cases, FeLV/FeSV may not play a role in the tumorigenesis of feline ocular sarcomas. However, additional tumors representing all morphological subtypes should be investigated for the presence of viral antigen and DNA. It is important to determine the etiology and pathogenesis of these malignant ocular sarcomas. If the cell of origin and pathogenesis involve ocular and lenticular injury, and FeLV/FeSV is not present, then the clinical management of cases of feline ocular trauma, uveitis and glaucoma may prevent the development of this tumor.     

Anterior segment fluorescein angiography of the normal feline eye using a dSLR camera adaptor

Purpose To describe anterior segment fluorescein angiography (ASFA) of the normal feline eye using a digital single‐lens reflex (dSLR) camera adaptor. Animals Ten cats free of ocular and systemic disease were evaluated. Methods All cats received maropitant citrate (1.0 mg/kg SQ) and diphenhydramine (2.0 mg/kg SQ) 20 min prior to anesthesia using propofol (4 mg/kg IV bolus, 0.2 mg/kg/min CRI). Standard color and red‐free images were obtained prior to the administration of 10% sodium fluorescein (20 mg/kg IV). Imaging was performed using a dSLR camera (Canon 7D), dSLR camera adaptor, camera lens (Canon EF‐S 60 mm f/2.8 macro), and an accessory flash (Canon 580EXII). Imaging occurred at a rate of 1/second immediately following IV bolus of sodium fluorescein for a total of 30 s, then at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 min. Results Ten cats with an average age of 3.7 ± 0.9 years and various iris colors were imaged. Arterial, capillary, and venous phases occurred 4.6, 7.8, and 8.9 s postinjection, respectively. Visibility of the vasculature was not impaired by the degree of iris pigmentation. Patency of a persistent pupillary membrane was noted in one cat. Vessel leakage was common, as well as, leakage into the aqueous humor. Proper patient positioning and restricted ocular movements were critical. No adverse events were noted. Conclusions This study demonstrates ASFA findings in normal feline eyes using a cost‐effective dSLR camera adaptor. Fluorescein leakage from vessels and into the aqueous humor was a common finding. Visibility of iris vasculature was not impaired by the degree of iris pigmentation.     

成都地区猫传性腹膜炎病毒ORF3、7b以及S基因七肽重复区1序列的分析

猫传性腹膜炎(FIP)是由猫冠状病毒引起的猫科常见致死性传染病。为分析成都地区猫传性腹膜炎病毒(FIPV)部分基因的序列特征,本研究从11只FIP患猫的腹水中提取总RNA,采用普通PCR或套式PCR对FIPV的非结构蛋白基因ORF3 (3a、3b和3c)、7b以及S基因七肽重复区1 (HR1)序列进行PCR扩增并测序。结果显示:检测到FIRV的上述几个基因均呈遗传多样性,序列存在很大的个体间差异。3a和3b基因主要表现为氨基酸突变,3c基因在约89%的样品中存在截短。7b基因有7个位点的氨基酸被完全替换。S基因HR1序列融合肽的1045位甲硫氨酸被亮氨酸替换,其下游的1057位丝氨酸被丙氨酸替换。遗传进化树显示,本实验扩增的FIRV 7b及S基因HR1序列与GenBank中国外FIPV相应基因序列亲缘性较高。推测3c基因的截短和/或某些氨基酸的替换的共同作用与病毒的致病性有关。本研究结果为FIP的临床确诊提供了分子诊断依据,增加了临床诊断结果的可靠性。     

Use of albumin quotient and IgG index to differentiate blood- vs brain-derived proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid of cats with feline infectious peritonitis

BACKGROUND: Inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) is a frequent condition in cats but etiology often remains unsolved. Routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis can be extended through the calculation of the albumin quotient (Q(alb)), a marker of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and IgG index, an estimate of intrathecal IgG synthesis. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to validate nephelometric methods for CSF protein analysis, and to use the Q(alb) and IgG index to discriminate blood- and brain-derived immunoglobulin fractions in cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). METHODS: Cats presented to our clinic between 2001 and 2005 were included in the study based on clinical and laboratory data and histopathologic findings at necropsy. Cats were grouped as having nonneurologic disease (controls; n=37), brain tumors (n=8), FIP involving the CNS (n=12), and extraneural FIP (n=12). CSF-total protein (TP) was measured and albumin and IgG concentrations were measured in paired CSF/serum samples; Q(alb) and IgG index were calculated. Intraassay and interassay precision of the nephelometric assays were determined using pooled samples. RESULTS: Coefficients of variation for the nephelometric assays ranged from 2.7% to 7.2%. In control cats, CSF-TP concentration ranged from 0.06 to 0.36 g/L, Q(alb) ranged from 0.6 to 5.7 x 10(-3), and IgG index ranged from 0.3 to 0.6. Q(alb) and IgG index were significantly higher in cats with brain tumors and cats with CNS-FIP compared with other groups. Compared with control cats, pleocytosis was evident in 8 of 12 (67%) cats and CSF-TP was increased in 3 of 12 (25%) cats with CNS-FIP. CONCLUSION: Nephelometry is a reliable method for measurement of CSF protein, albumin, and IgG in cats. The Q(alb) and IgG index did not identify a CSF protein pattern specific for BBB dysfunction or intrathecal IgG synthesis in cats with CNS-FIP.     

1株猫杯状病毒的分离鉴定及其ORF2序列的遗传演化分析

为了解猫杯状病毒形态特征及遗传演化情况,采用F81细胞从患病宠物猫的鼻拭子样品中分离获得1株猫杯状病毒(feline calicivirus,FCV),命名为SH1.经电镜观察,病毒粒子呈球形,无囊膜,符合FCV的形态特征.采用RT-PCR方法扩增了该毒株的全基因组,并进行了序列测定和衣壳蛋白基因(ORF2)序列的分析...     

Characterization of membranous (M) cells in normal feline conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT)

Objective To characterize conjunctival lymphoid nodules obtained from the nictitans of healthy cats to determine if the follicle‐associated epithelium (FAE) of conjunctiva‐associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) in this species contains membranous (M)‐cells analogous to those described in other regions of mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Methods Lymphoid follicles from nictitan bulbar surfaces of 10 healthy cats (20 eyes total) were examined. Nictitans from five cats were harvested immediately post‐mortem and a minimum of 12 lymphoid nodules from each third eyelid were isolated using a Zeiss operating microscope. At least three lymphoid follicles from each eye were examined using light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using standard fixation and embedding protocols. Nictitan‐lymphoid follicles from another five healthy cats were processed for immunohistochemistry to characterize the distribution of T‐ and B‐lymphocytes present beneath the FAE. Results The FAE overlying CALT from 10 healthy cats demonstrated morphology characteristic of M‐cells including attenuated apical cell surface with blunted microvilli and microfolds, invaginated basolateral membrane forming a cytoplasmic pocket, and diminished distance between the apical and pocket membrane. Immunohistochemistry of lymphoid tissue subtending the FAE demonstrated B‐cell dependent regions in the germinal centers surrounded by T‐cell dependent interfollicular zones. Conclusions Healthy feline CALT contains morphologic features analogous to those described in other regions of MALT. Documentation of feline conjunctival M‐cells is of clinical relevance in the study of primary infectious, allergic, and autoimmune ocular diseases, as well as a potential means of vaccination or drug delivery.     

猫锡兰钩虫rDNA ITS1的扩增及分子鉴定

为了对从猫粪便样品中分离的钩虫虫卵进行种类鉴定,本研究提取该虫卵基因组DNA,根据核糖体内转录间区1(ITS1)的保守序列设计钩虫属引物,通过PCR扩增、克隆、测序、相关软件分析,建立系统进化树,从分子水平对其进行种类鉴定.结果表明扩增出404 bp DNA片段,测序结果显示该片段包括309 bp ITS1和95 bp的5.8S rDNA,与NCBI中登录的序列进行比对以及采用Clustal X和MEGA5.1软件分析确定该钩虫为锡兰钩虫.这是我国首次建立钩虫的分子鉴定方法,也是40年来再次发现猫源锡兰钩虫,为锡兰钩虫分子生物学和分子流行病学研究奠定了基础.     

Pretreatment with feline interferon omega and the course of subsequent infection with feline herpesvirus in cats

OBJECTIVE: Recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-omega), a type I IFN, may have the potential to limit virus replication and associated clinical signs when administered early on in the course of feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) infection and reactivation, respectively. The effect of rFeIFN-omega pretreatment on the course of subsequent FHV-1 infection in cats was investigated. ANIMALS STUDIED: Nine SPF cats were divided into an IFN group (n = 5) and a control-group (n = 4). PROCEDURES: The IFN group was pretreated for 2 days with 10 000 units rFeIFN-omega twice a day topically into both eyes and 20 000 units rFeIFN-omega once a day orally, whereas the control group was mock-treated. Subsequently all cats were infected with FHV-1. Samples for FHV-1 DNA detection and quantitation, virus isolation, and titration of FHV-1 antibodies were collected. Clinical and ocular signs were recorded and scored. RESULTS: Courses of median individual clinical and ocular scores and virus load did not differ significantly between both groups using anova for repeated measurements. Analysis (anova) of each individual ocular parameter revealed significantly high scores for epithelial keratitis (P = 0.016) in the IFN group compared to the control group. Periods of virus shedding did not differ significantly between both groups using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated a lack of beneficial effects of rFeIFN-omega pretreatment in the course of primary FHV-1 infection in cats.