云南7种豆科灌木的生态习性及饲用价值研究

在对云南 7种豆科灌木树种分布和适生环境生态习性了解的基础上 ,测定了这 7个树种叶片的常规营养成分、微量元素、氨基酸等的含量 ,并进行了动物饲喂试验。结果表明 :7种豆科灌木树种叶片营养成分含量均高于谷物类饲料 ,其叶片粗蛋白含量高于 13% ,且微量元素、氨基酸含量丰富 ,钙磷比适宜 ,具有较高的营养价值。7种豆科灌木的叶粉按 5 %比例用于 0～ 30日龄肉用仔鸡日粮中对雏鸡的健康无不良影响 ,可直接用于鸡的日粮当中。其中 ,多花 艹抗 子梢、波叶山蚂蝗、毛叶猪屎豆、毛叶秧青和白花羊蹄甲叶粉的蛋白质利用率较高 ,表明其蛋白质品质较佳 ,具有较好的饲用价值。     

云南19种豆科蛋白饲料灌木的营养成分及利用价值

对云南省19种豆科灌木树种叶片的营养成分进行了测定.结果表明这些豆科灌木树种的粗蛋白含量高于11%,其中13个树种的叶片粗蛋白含量高于15%,5个树种叶片粗蛋白含量高于20%;这些树种叶片的微量元素、氨基酸含量丰富,Ca/P适宜,具有较高的营养价值.其分布广、适应性强、生长快、易采收,是比较理想的植物蛋白质资源.而且,豆科灌木还具有固氮养土、保持水土、药用等多种用途,具有较好的开发利用价值.     

云南7种豆科灌木的生态习性及饲用价值研究

在对云南7种豆科灌木树种分布和适生环境生态习性了解的基础上，测定了这7个树种叶片的常规营养成分、微量元素、氨基酸等的含量，并进行了动物饲喂试验。结果表明：7种豆科灌木树种叶片营养成分含量均高于谷物类饲料，其叶片粗蛋白含量高于13％，且微量元素、氨基酸含量丰富，钙磷比适宜，具有较高的营养价值。7种豆科灌木的叶粉按5％比例用于0—30日龄肉用仔鸡日粮中对雏鸡的健康无不良影响，可直接用于鸡的日粮当中。其中，多莸子梢、波叶山蚂蝗、毛叶猪屎豆、毛叶秧青和白花羊蹄甲叶粉的蛋白质利用率较高，表明其蛋白质品质较佳，具有较好的饲用价值。     

云南19种豆科蛋白饲料灌木的营养成分及利用价值

对云南省19种豆科灌木树种叶片的营养成分进行了测定，结果表明：这些豆科灌木树种的粗蛋白含量高于11％，其中13个树种的叶片粗蛋白含量高于15％，5个树种叶片粗蛋白含量高于20％；这些树种叶片的微量元素，氨基酸含量丰富，Ca/P适宜，具有较高的营养价值，其分布广，适应性强，生长快，易采收，是比较理想的植物蛋白质资源，而且，豆科灌木还具有固氮养土，保持水土，药用等多种用途，具有较好的开发利用价值。     

野葛的饲用价值和栽培技术

野葛是一种畜禽喜食、饲药兼用的优质豆科牧草,其根、茎、叶富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、矿物质和维生素等营养成分。对野葛的形态特征、生长特性、饲用价值及栽培技术进行综述,旨在为野葛饲料资源的规模化栽培利用提供参考依据。     

云南6种豆科蛋白饲料灌木的营养成分测定

对马棘、光果黄花木、绒毛叶黄花木、金链叶黄花木、水边千斤拔、多花(艹)/(抗)子梢等6种云南主要豆科蛋白饲料灌木叶片、种子的营养成分测定结果表明,此6种豆科灌木的叶片或种子的蛋白质含量都大于15%,钙磷比(Ca/P)为4.8～7.4,其他各项营养指标与大豆相近,具有很高的营养价值.是畜禽的优良蛋白饲料树种.     

云南6种豆科蛋白饲料灌木的营养成分测定

对马棘、光果黄花木、绒毛叶黄花木、金链叶黄花森、水边千斤拔、多花Ｋａｎｇ子梢等６种云南主要豆科蛋白饲料灌木叶片、种子的营养成分测定结果表明，此６种豆科灌木的叶片或种子的蛋白质含量都大于１５％，钙磷比（Ｃａ／Ｐ）为４．８～７．４，其他各项营养指标与大豆相近，具有很高的营养价值。是畜禽的优良蛋白饲料树种。     

太行山低山区灌木资源调查研究

太行山低山区拥有丰富的灌木资源,灌木共有24科54属146种.采用样带、样地相结合的调查方法,对太行山低山区野生灌木的种类组成、垂直分布和观赏特性进行了研究,结果表明,蔷薇科、忍冬科和豆科是观赏灌木的优势科;蔷薇属、忍冬属、胡枝子属、绣线菊属等为优势属;酸枣、黄荆、黄栌、黄刺玫、扁担杆等为优势种.根据植物的观赏特点,划...     

岷江干旱河谷两种主要人工林林下豆科物种组成及植被多样性

该实验采用典型样地法,在岷江干旱河谷汶川、理县段,对造林20年后的岷江柏和辐射松人工林林下豆科物种组成、生物量积累和植被多样性进行研究。结果表明：（1）岷江柏林下灌草植被41种,有豆科灌木5种、草本2种,其中岷谷木蓝是较稳定的伴生灌木;随着海拔升高,豆科灌木减少、盖度下降,豆科草本逐渐出现,豆科总生物量在减少。（2）辐射松林下灌草植被21种,其中豆科灌木2种,胡枝子在灌木层优势明显,无豆科草本;随着海拔升高,豆科灌木减少,豆科盖度、总生物量变化不大。（3）岷江柏林下豆科植物地下生物量占比为45%,且岷谷木蓝和锦鸡儿有根瘤;辐射松林下豆科植物地下生物量占比为38%,未发现根瘤。（4）岷江柏林下灌草植被盖度、生物量以及生物多样性指数均远高于辐射松,灌木生物量能达到辐射松的20倍。总体而言,岷江柏人工林林下植被盖度大、物种多样性高,且豆科植物种类丰富、生物量积累多,还分布有发挥固氮作用的岷谷木蓝,对干旱胁迫、外界干扰的抵抗能力相对更强。     

乌兰察布市柠条产业发展分析

<正>柠条（Caragana korshinskii）,豆科锦鸡儿属灌木,又称毛条、白柠条,为落叶大灌木饲用植物,根系发达,主根入土深,株高为40～70厘米,最高可达2米,适生长于海拔900～1300米的阳坡、半阳坡。柠条是旱生植物,具有极强的耐寒、耐旱能力,且耐贫瘠和耐盐碱性,再生能力强,生命周期长,常被用作水土保持和防风固沙的灌木树种大面积种植。柠条也是一种优质饲料,富含粗蛋白、     

The Chagga homegardens: a multistoried agroforestry cropping system on Mt. Kilimanjaro (Northern Tanzania)

The homegardens are characterised by an intensive integration of numerous multipurpose trees and shrubs with food crops and animals, simultaneously on the same unit of land.The Chagga are skilled farmers with an intimate knowledge of the crops and their ecological requirements. They have a good idea of functions/uses of the plant species on their farms. The large species diversity provides both subsistence and cash crops. It enables the farmer to keep his management options open and provides insurance against drought, pest and economic risks.     

Compound farms of southeastern Nigeria:

Compound farms are a homegarden-type of agroforestry system involving the deliberate management of multipurpose trees and shrubs in a multistoried association with agricultural crops and small livestock within the compounds of individual houses. In addition to the advantages of diversified production, risk minimization, improved labour and nutrient use efficiences and soil conservation, compound farms represent germplasm banks containing many of the useful tree/ shrub species currently disappearing due to indiscriminate clearing of fore and woodlands.     

Application of the ecosystem mimic concept to the species-rich Banksia woodlands of Western Australia

This article describes the structure and functioning of a natural Banksia woodland at Moora, Western Australia. Species are first grouped in terms of growth form, root morphology, phenology and nutrient acquisition strategy. Above- and belowground standing biomass of a woodland is measured and its net annual primary production per unit rainfall compared with that of adjacent crops and plantings of the tree tagasaste. Information on seasonal water use and nutrient cycling in the dominant tree species Banksia prionotes is used to highlight the pivotal role of deep rooted summer growing trees in the maintenance of sustainability of the system. The article then addresses how one might select species mixtures as functionally effective analogues of the woodland. Assuming the mimic system replaces cleared virgin woodland not previously subject to runoff of water and nutrients from agriculture, a selection procedure would incorporate native flora representing (a) summer-growing deep- rooted and winter-growing shallow-rooted trees and shrubs, (b) herbaceous ground cover species, (c) fire resistant and fire sensitive species, and (d) a range of complementary nutrient uptake strategies. Assuming the mimic is designed to rehabilitate agricultural land experiencing rising water tables and nitrate pollution of ground water, incorporation of fast growing deep rooted exotic trees or herbaceous perennials is recommended alongside conventional annual crops or pastures, with appropriate nutrient stripping through removal of biomass. Difficulties in this context are scale of planting required and current lack of profitable incentives for planting and maintenance of perennials. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

大山峰野生观赏植物资源研究

在实地调查、采集、整理、鉴定的基础上,研究了大山峰野生观赏植物资源的多样性、分布区类型和性质.本区共有野生观赏植物(种子植物)122科379属722种(变种、变型),其中乔木189种、灌木224种、藤本67种、草本231种、竹类11种,分别阐述了它们的资源现状、观赏特性和园林用途,并对本区野生观赏植物资源的开发利用和保护进行了探讨.     

甘肃省未来灌木林资源估算与分析

利用回归分析、马尔可夫模拟预测及抽样统计等方法,对甘肃省2011~2050年的灌木林面积、生产力及生物质储量进行了研究。结果表明:(1)到2050年甘肃省灌木林生物质资源面积发展可望达到571.5万hm2,空间很大,主要潜力在非林区。(2)灌木林种发生较大变化,沙棘、柠条、梭梭、山桃、马桑和柽柳增长较大,柳类、杜鹃、榛子、白花刺呈减少趋势。(3)灌木林生产力较低,2011年平均约9 t/hm2;各灌木林种生产力差异很大,山桃和沙棘生产力最高,分别为24.162 0 t/hm2和23.320 0 t/hm2,杜鹃最低,只有2.726 8 t/hm2。(4)甘肃省灌木林生物质资源总储量较丰富(2011年为3 067万t,到2050年为6 212万t),但分布不集中,以生物质能源为目的的开发价值较低,在现阶段或未来较长时期,生态保护作用是其主要功能。(5)生产力较高的山桃、沙棘、柠条、马桑等是未来灌木林种生物质资源开发的主要对象。     

校园植物信息的数字化采集与校园植物电子杂志的制作——以内蒙古大学创业学院为例

为了深入了解内蒙古大学创业学院校园植物资源情况,并利用校园资源丰富《生态学》课程教学,通过实地调查统计、文献调查、植物志检索结合的方法,对学院校园植物的种类、数量、分布及植物相关情况进行系统的调查研究,整理出本校的植物名录,并制作植物检索表,且制作了基于二维码技术的内蒙古大学创业学院校园植物电子杂志。经调查统计得岀,截至2019年6月31日,内蒙古大学创业学院校园现有植物22科37属41种,其中裸子植物5种,被子植物36种.草本19种,乔木12种,灌木8种,藤本2种。目前,校园植物资源主要是作为园林观赏美化环境使用,在营造校园文化、创建地域特色、完善相关课程建设等方面的价值还有待挖掘,具有较大的开发潜力。校园植物不仅是作为景观资源来使用,也能与相关学科的教学、植物相关知识的普及联系起来,发挥出更大的作用。     

Wildlife species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in Pacific Northwest conifer forests: A review

Non-coniferous vegetation, including herbs, shrubs, and broad-leaved trees, makes a vital contribution to ecosystem function and diversity in Pacific Northwest conifer forests. However, forest management has largely been indifferent or detrimental to shrubs and trees that have low commercial value, in spite of a paradigm shift towards more holistic management in recent decades. Forest management practices that are detrimental to broad-leaved trees and shrubs are likely to decrease habitat diversity for wildlife, but the number of species that may be affected has not previously been enumerated. I reviewed life history accounts for forest-dwelling vertebrate wildlife species and derived a list of 78 species in Oregon and Washington that are associated with non-coniferous vegetation. The diversity of direct and indirect food resources provided was the primary functional basis for associations of most species with non-coniferous vegetation. Thus, a diversity of herbs and broad-leaved trees and shrubs provides the foundation for food webs that contribute to diversity at multiple trophic levels in Pacific Northwest conifer forests. Given the number of species associated with non-coniferous vegetation in conifer-dominated forests, maintaining habitats that support diverse plant communities, particularly broad-leaved trees and shrubs, will be an important component of management strategies intended to foster biodiversity. Silvicultural practices such as modified planting densities, and pre-commercial and commercial thinning, can be used to control stand density in order to favor the development of understory herbs, shrubs, and a diversity of tree species within managed stands. Allowing shrubs and hardwood trees to develop and persist in early seral stands by curtailing vegetation control also would benefit many species associated with non-coniferous vegetation.     

Alley cropping—soil productivity and nutrient recycling

In the past few decades there has been growing concern about the exhaustibility of non-renewable soil resources in developing countries in the tropics to meet the needs of present and future generations. Land degradation is a major problem in many parts of the tropics, including subSaharan Africa, mainly owing to overexploitation of vegetation and soil resources and adoption of inappropiate farming methods. The challenge is to increase the sustainable agricultural productivity of the land with acceptable inputs to meet increasing human needs, while maintaining the soil resource base and minimising environmental degradation. One technology that can meet this need for rainfed upland farming with low external chemical inputs is the alley cropping system. This technology integrates trees and shrubs in spatial zonal arrangements with food crops in the production system. The presence of woody species in the alley cropping production system has been shown to contribute to (1) nutrient recycling, (2) reduction in soil nutrient leaching losses, (3) stimulation of higher soil faunal activities, (4) soil erosion control, (5) soil fertility improvement and (6) sustained levels of crop production. These experiences can be utilised in developing sustainable and environmentally friendly agroforestry systems.