Endoscopic balloon dilation of benign esophageal strictures in dogs and cats

Endoscopic balloon dilation of benign esophageal strictures was performed in 18 dogs and 10 cats with a median age of 4 years. Stricture formation was associated with a recent anesthetic episode in 18 patients. Regurgitation was the most common clinical sign and was present a median of 4 weeks before dilation. Most animals had a single stricture; median diameter was 5 mm, and median length was 1 cm. Esophagitis and mucosal fibrosis were detected in 9 patients each. Dilation was performed with progressively increasing diameter balloons, from 6 to 20 mm. After dilation, mucosal hemorrhage was mild to moderate in most patients. Esophageal perforation was the only serious complication and occurred in 1 patient. Postdilation therapy consisted of administration of cimetidine, metoclopramide, sucralfate, and prednisone in most animals. The median number of dilation procedures performed in each animal was 2, with a range of 1-5. The median interval between dilations was 13 days. Stricture diameter markedly increased with subsequent dilations. Median duration of follow-up was 131 weeks. A successful outcome occurred in 88% of patients, with most animals able to eat canned, mashed, or dry food without regurgitation. Mucosal fibrosis was associated with a better clinical response score, while increasing age was weakly associated with fewer dilations. The dilation protocol used in this group of animals was safe and efficacious.     

饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料对肉牛育肥屠宰率影响的调查报告

湿态发酵蛋白饲料是玉米经酵母发酵、提取酒精后,又经益生菌发酵、密封包装的产品。因其可溶性好、易消化吸收、所含的蛋白质量多质优,因此,用于肉牛育肥时,肉牛生长速度较快。通过对饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料育肥牛(15头,来自2个饲养场)的屠宰率与饲喂常规饲料育肥牛的屠宰率(425头,来自24个饲养场)进行统计对比可知,肉牛的屠宰率与屠宰时的体重成高度正相关(R2=0.9528),并且全程饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料育肥牛的屠宰率比饲喂常规饲料育肥牛的屠宰率平均高3.65个百分点,这样1头牛将多收入640元。因此,饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料会使肉牛育肥经济效益显著提高。     

重组GP5AB蛋白间接ELISA检测PRRSV抗体方法的研究

利用GST-GP5AB重组蛋白作为包被抗原,通过反应条件优化,建立了用于检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)抗体的间接ELISA方法。抗原最适包被浓度为2μg/mL,最佳封闭液为0.15%BSA,37℃封闭2 h后,再4℃封闭24 h,血清最适稀释度为1∶200,其作用时间为60m in,酶标抗体最适稀释度为1∶20 000,最适作用时间为90 m in,37℃显色10 m in,S/P≥0.284为阳性,S/P≤0.26为阴性,介于二者之间为可疑的判定标准。该抗原与猪其他4种临床症状类似的疾病的阳性血清反应呈阴性。批内和批间重复性试验结果,变异系数均小于7%,表明本方法具有较好的特异性和重复性。应用本方法初步检测了一些疫苗免疫仔猪血清样品,并与重组N蛋白和PRRSV抗原同时进行比较,结果显示3种抗原检测的结果基本一致。     

几种药剂对脐橙储藏期病害的防治效果比较研究

用7组药剂分别对纽荷尔脐橙做浸果处理,处理至135天,结果显示：百可得 咪鲜胺处理组烂果率7.78%,病情指数4.81,防效75.5%;咪鲜胺处理组烂果率13.33%,病情指数8.52,防效56.6%;百可得 抑霉唑处理组烂果率14.44%,病情指数8.15,防效58.48%;清水处理组烂果率30%,病情指数19.63。百可得 咪鲜胺处理组储藏效果最好,其次是咪鲜胺处理组和百可得 抑霉唑处理组。在脐橙的储藏保鲜中推荐使用百可得与咪鲜胺或抑霉唑混配或咪鲜胺单剂。     

Determination of Normal Values Using an Automated Coagulation Timer for Activated Coagulation Time and its Application in Dogs with Hemophilia

The present study was performed to determine normal values for the Medtronic HemoTec automated activated coagulation time (ACT) analyzer (Medtronic HemoTec Inc, Parker, CO, distributed in Switzerland by Convergenza AG, Vaduz, Liechtenstein), and to evaluate its ability to detect dogs with hemophilia. ACT was measured in 43 healthy dogs presented to the Companion Animal Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, with the Medtronic HemoTec ACT analyzer to determine normal values. The mean +/- 2 standard deviations (SDs) of the values obtained was defined as the normal range. ACT was measured 8-10 times on the same day in 6 dogs to determine repeatability. ACT also was measured in 11 dogs with hemophilia and compared with a conventional visual ACT measurement test and with the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). ACT values of the 43 dogs used to determine normal values ranged from 66.5 to 97.0 seconds (mean, 79.3 seconds; SD, 7.35 seconds; median, 78.5 seconds). A range of 64-95 seconds (mean +/- 2 SDs) was defined as the normal range for the tested device. Repeatability was poor (r = 0.256). ACT values measured with the automated device did not correlate with ACT values measured with a conventional visual test or with APTT Sensitivity of the test was 90.9%, specificity was 98.0%, and accuracy was 96.7%. Variability in the test results was large and may lead to incorrect results. The automated measurement device was not superior to the conventional visual method in evaluating dogs with hemophilia.     

拉萨白鸡蛋品质的测定及相关分析

为研究拉萨白鸡蛋品质的相关物理性状,对43周龄拉萨白鸡所产的30枚新鲜鸡蛋进行了蛋品质测定及相关分析。结果表明,蛋壳重量与蛋壳颜色呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）;蛋壳强度与蛋重呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）;蛋白重量与蛋壳颜色呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋壳重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与蛋壳率呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）;蛋白率与蛋壳率呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋白重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;蛋黄重量与蛋壳重量、蛋白重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与蛋壳率呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋白率呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;蛋黄率与蛋形指数、蛋黄重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与蛋壳重量、蛋白重量、蛋白率呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;蛋黄比色与蛋壳强度呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）;哈氏单位与蛋壳颜色呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋白高度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;蛋壳厚度与蛋壳强度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;血肉斑与蛋壳强度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与哈氏单位呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋壳厚度呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）。其他性状间也有相关性,但差异不显著。该研究为拉萨白鸡今后的选育提供了理论依据。     

A simple thin-layer chromatographic method for the detection of ergovaline in leaf sheaths of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) infected with Neotyphodium coenophialum.

A relatively simple and inexpensive thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method is described for the detection and semiquantitative measurement of ergovaline in leaf sheaths of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Samples were finely ground and extracted with methanol. The extracts were filtered and the methanol was evaporated. The aqueous residue was extracted with hexane, followed by chloroform at pH 9. The chloroform extract was concentrated and further purified on a preparative silica gel TLC plate, developed with toluene/ethyl acetate/acetonitrile (50:10:40). The ergovaline band was scraped and eluted with methanol. The eluant was concentrated and an aliquot was applied to a silica gel TLC plate. The plate was developed successively with chloroform/acetone/acetic acid (90:10:5) and chloroform/ethanol (9:1). Ergovaline was visualized with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and sulfuric acid. Semiquantitation of ergovaline was achieved by comparison with a known standard of ergotamine, which was shown to have the same Rf as ergovaline in this system. Spike recovery of ergotamine averaged 60%, with a limit of detection of 200 microg/kg of dry tall fescue leaf sheaths. The method was applied to 15 tall fescue samples with varying degrees of fungal infection, and ergovaline was identified in all contaminated samples with endophyte infection above 15%. Thin-layer chromatography may be also applicable for tall fescue seed, where the ergovaline content is usually higher and the amount of interfering pigments is much lower.     

The incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in dogs with malignant tumor

The incidence of DIC in 208 dogs with a malignant tumor was evaluated. The incidence of DIC was 9.6% in dogs with a malignant tumor which was a solid tumor in all. In 164 dogs with a malignant solid tumor, the incidence of DIC was 12.2%. The incidence of DIC in dogs with hemangiosarcoma, mammary gland carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung was significantly higher than that in dogs with other malignant tumors. These results suggested that special care in looking for DIC should be taken in dogs with a malignant solid tumor.     

Comparison of culture, peroxidase-antiperoxidase reaction, and serum latex agglutination methods for diagnosis of chlamydiosis in pet birds

Comparison was made among results of cloacal specimen culture, and cloacal swab specimen (cytologic) peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP), serum latex agglutination (LA), and tissue PAP assays for diagnosis of chlamydiosis in 144 birds. Swab specimen PAP findings correlated poorly with LA results and failed to predict the LA test result in any bird. Only 1 cloacal swab specimen was regarded as PAP-positive and was from the cloaca of a bird from which chlamydiae were isolated in culture. The sensitivity of swab specimen PAP, compared with culture results, was 33%, whereas specificity was 94%. In this study, swab specimen PAP was a less sensitive test, compared with culture, than was reported in a previous study. The sensitivity of LA in identifying birds that were cloacal culture-positive was poor; true-positive results were not detected, compared with culture results. The specificity of the LA method was 93%, compared with culture results. Results of the tissue PAP method correlated with culture results in the 3 birds for which both tests were performed.     

Canine choroidal melanoma with metastases

A 3-year-old-female, spayed Golden Retriever was examined for a unilateral retinal detachment with exophthalmos. Ultrasonographically, a mass was detected with intra- and extraocular extension. The orbit was exenterated and the dog recovered uneventfully. Histopathologic diagnosis was a primary choroidal melanoma with orbital extension, however, the behavioral and cytologic features were benign. Routine examinations postsurgically were nonremarkable. Twenty-one months after surgery the dog was euthanized for respiratory collapse with radiographic signs of metastasis. Necropsy revealed black lesions in the lung and liver. Histopathologic diagnosis was metastatic melanoma with morphology and behavior identical to the primary choroidal melanoma. This is the first definitive case of a canine choroidal melanoma with metastasis.     

羊驼酪氨酸酶基因部分cDNA序列的克隆及序列分析

从3～4龄青年公羊驼背部皮肤中提取总RNA作为模板,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出TYR基因的部分Cdna序列,将其克隆进Pgem-T easy vector中,经限制酶酶切鉴定后进行测序,将测序结果与小鼠、人、猩猩等其它物种的TYR核苷酸序列进行比对,发现本研究获得部分序列为羊驼酪氨酸酶基因第三外显子,该序列比较保守.     

Diagnosis of microthrombocytosis and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia in dogs with thrombocytopenia: 68 cases (1987-1989).

The mean platelet volume (MPV) was evaluated in 68 dogs with thrombocytopenia attributable to various causes. Platelet size was high or low in some dogs. The most clinically useful observation was that low MPV (microthrombocytosis) was a specific indicator of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT) in these thrombocytopenic dogs. All but one case of microthrombocytosis (MPV less than 5.4 fl) was found in dogs with IMT. Microthrombocytosis was detected in 17 of 31 dogs with IMT and appeared at the onset of the disease. Macrothrombocytosis (MPV greater than 9.4 fl) indicated active thrombopoiesis, but was not unique to any disease category. Macrothrombocytosis was detected in 18 of 31 dogs with IMT, 3 of 17 dogs with disseminated intravascular coagulation, and 3 of 9 dogs with primary bone-marrow disease.     

禽流感免疫噬菌体抗体库构建及ELISA检测方法的建立

本研究应用噬菌体抗体库技术筛选禽流感亚型病毒Fab抗体,并建立相应ELISA检测方法。用禽流感亚型混合疫苗免疫小鼠,取其脾脏提取总RNA用于扩增免疫球蛋白轻链和重链基因,克隆至噬菌粒pComb3,然后转化入感受态细胞XL1-Blue中,以10¹² CFU辅助噬菌体VCSM13进行感染后,获得Fab抗体库容量为8×10⁷ CFU。以H5N1病毒为抗原进行4轮亲和筛选,获得特异性结合的克隆,利用获得的特异性克隆进行ELISA检测方法的建立。     

影响江苏地区荷斯坦牛体细胞数变化模式的非遗传因素分析

旨在探究江苏地区荷斯坦牛体细胞数变化模式的影响因素。本研究通过对江苏地区12个奶牛场2017—2019年荷斯坦牛253 706条DHI测定日SCC记录进行分析，在划分9种SCC变化模式基础上，利用最小二乘法探究不同牧场规模、胎次、产犊季节、产犊间隔和305天产奶量对荷斯坦牛SCC变化模式的影响。结果表明，SCC模式在各因素不同水平间分布均有极显著差异（P<0.01）。其中，较低-维持模式在5 000头以上的牧场比例最高，较低-感染模式的比例最低；感染-维持模式在1 000头以下的牧场比例最高，较低-维持模式的比例最低。较低-维持模式在1胎牛的比例最高，感染-痊愈模式的比例最低；较低-感染模式在5胎牛的比例最高，较低-维持模式的比例最低。较低-感染模式在春季产犊时奶牛的比例最高，较低-维持模式的比例最低；易感-降低模式在夏季产犊时奶牛的比例最高，较低-感染模式的比例最低。较低-感染模式在产犊间隔为441 d以上的奶牛比例最高，较低-感染模式在产犊间隔为300~400 d的奶牛比例最低。较低-感染模式在305天产奶量为3 000~5 000 kg的奶牛比例最高；较低-维持模式在305天产奶量为9 001~11 000 kg的奶牛比例最高，感染-痊愈模式的比例最低。上述结果表明，不同牧场规模、胎次、产犊季节、产犊间隔和305天产奶量对荷斯坦牛SCC变化模式的分布均有一定影响，该结果为荷斯坦牛隐性乳房炎的预测提供了参考。     

不同处理方法对稻草感官品质及主要营养成分的影响

旨在研究不同处理方法对稻草感官品质及营养成分的影响。选用优质干稻草,分别用氢氧化钠、尿素、碳酸氢铵、纤维素酶处理,并取相同重量的原稻草,不进行处理作为对照组。结果表明,处理20 d和40 d后,各组稻草感官品质无明显差异（P〉0.05）,氢氧化钠组稻草呈浅黄色,草香味,质地柔软;尿素组稻草呈金黄色,氨味（放氨后有糊香味）,质地柔软;碳酸氢铵组稻草呈浅黄色,氨味,质地柔软;纤维素酶组稻草呈浅黄色,酸香味,质地柔软。稻草处理20 d后,与对照组相比,各处理组CP、EE、Ash、Ca、TP无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;稻草处理40 d后,与对照组相比,尿素组CP提高了8.86%（P〈0.05）,尿素组和碳酸氢铵组中CP显著高于其他组,其他养分各组间无显著差异（P〉0.05）。稻草经氢氧化钠、尿素、碳酸氢铵、纤维素酶等处理后,可以不同程度地改变稻草的物理特性和营养价值。从感官品质、主要营养成分以及成本来看,尿素和碳酸氢铵处理较经济实用,有利于在生产中推广;而酶处理目前由于成本较高,还有待于进一步研究。     

苜蓿新品种草原4号的选育

草原4号苜蓿(Medicago sativa cv.Caoyuan No.4)是对400余份苜蓿原始材料进行抗虫性鉴定,选择优良无性系,并结合抗虫性和配合力测定组配基础群体,通过3次轮回选择育成的抗蓟马苜蓿新品种(登记号:477)。该品种根直立,具有水平生长根;茎直立,有茸毛;叶为三出复叶,表面有茸毛;花紫色;荚果螺旋2~3回;千粒重1.86~2.35g。抗虫性强(为害点系数为0.26,虫情指数为0.33)、抗旱、抗寒、耐瘠薄。在呼和浩特地区可刈割3茬,干草平均产量在12 000~16 000kg·hm~(-2),种子产量达230.90kg·hm~(-2)。粗蛋白质含量在19%左右。适宜在我国华北南部苜蓿蓟马为害严重的各省(区)种植。     

Congenital external hydrocephalus in a dog

A 4-year-old female Chihuahua was presented with progressive seizures, blindness and lethargy. Neurolocalisation was consistent with a diffuse brain lesion affecting the forebrain and cerebellum. MRI demonstrated dilation of the subarachnoid space dorsolaterally surrounding the cerebrum, filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Ventricular system size was normal, but mild cerebral atrophy was suspected. There was pachymeningeal contrast enhancement, but CSF analysis was unremarkable. This lesion was interpreted to be an external hydrocephalus of suspected congenital origin.     

药物治疗獭兔螨病比较试验

为了探索联合用药对獭兔螨病的治疗效果,将50只确诊为患螨病的獭兔随机分为5组,每组10只,其中A组用伊维菌素治疗;B组用伊维菌素加螨净治疗;C组用伊维菌素加双甲脒治疗;D组用伊维菌素加复方桔皮素乙酰酯治疗;E组用伊维菌素加敌百虫治疗。结果显示,A组治愈率为60%,B组治愈率为80%,C组治愈率为90%,D组治愈率为90%,E组治愈率为70%,结果表明伊维菌素结合双甲脒与伊维菌素结合复方桔皮素乙酰酯治疗兔螨效果最佳。     

PRRSV重组N蛋白的抗原性分析及其特异性抗体制备

利用大肠杆菌表达技术和亲和层析法纯化出重组PRRSV N蛋白 ,用间接ELISA法和Western blot分析 ,证明其具有较好的抗原性。将该纯化蛋白采用大剂量长程免疫法免疫家兔 ,制备了兔抗重组N蛋白抗体 ,用Western blot分析和竞争抑制试验证明其具有很高的特异性 ,ELISA效价达 1∶32 0 0以上。     

Analysis of Non-genetic Factors Affecting SCC Change Pattern of Holstein Cows in Jiangsu Province

The objective of this study was to explore the influence factors of SCC change pattern of Holstein cows in Jiangsu. Based on the division of 9 SCC change patterns, 253 706 DHI records of Holstein cows from 2017 to 2019 in 12 dairy farms in Jiangsu province were analyzed, and the least squares model was used to explore the influence of different farm size, parities, calving seasons, calving intervals, and 305-days milk production on SCC change pattern. The results showed that the distribution of SCC patterns at different levels of each factor was significantly different (P<0.01). Among them, the percentage of lower to maintain pattern was the highest, and lower to infection pattern was the lowest for cows in farm with more than 5 000 cows. The percentage of infected to maintain pattern was the highest, and lower to maintain pattern was the lowest for cows in farm with less than 1 000 cows. The percentage of lower to maintain pattern was the highest, and infected to healed pattern was the lowest for cows with parity 1. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest, and lower to maintain pattern was the lower for cows with parity 5. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest, and lower to maintain pattern was the lowest for cows calving in spring. The percentage of susceptible to reduce pattern was the highest, lower to infection pattern was the lowest for cows calving in summer. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest for cows with calving interval more than 441 d, and lowest for cows with calving interval with 300-400 d. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest for cows with 305-days milk production of 3 000-5 000 kg. The percentage of lower to maintain pattern was the highest, and infected to healed pattern was the lowest for cows with 305-days milk production was 9 001-11 000 kg. The results indicate that different farm sizes, parities, calving seasons, calving interval, and levels with 305-days milk production have certain influences on the distribution of the SCC change patterns in Holstein cows. The results provide references for the prediction of subclinical mastitis in Holstein cows.