代森锰锌不同产品对柑橘黑点病防效比较试验

黑点病在柑橘上的发生日益严重,代森锰锌是防治该病害的最佳药剂,但是目前市场上代森锰锌产品种类多,质量参差不齐,通过田间药剂防治试验,明确不同代森锰锌对黑点病防效。结果表明,不同代森锰锌对柑橘黑点病防效有差异,2016年的试验中蒙特森防效低于大生,差异极显著,与护庄差异不显著;2017年的试验中大生、喷克、山德生防效最佳,其次为大一生、森象,美尔-80、络合纯防效相近,代森锰锌（安德瑞普）、代森锰锌（恒田化工）防效较低。     

茶枝梢黑点病的发生及危害的调查

茶枝梢黑点病的发生及危害的调查胡淑霞（安徽农业大学茶业系）茶枝梢黑点病是常见的茶树枝干病害，此病在我省各茶区都有不同程度的发生，但以皖南丘陵茶区发生较重。一般发病率在４０％左右，严重发生时，发病率可高达６０～７０％以上。此病为害的茶树主要使夏菜新梢生...     

套袋苹果黑点病发生机理与防治

苹果套袋可显著地减少病虫危害，增进果实着色，提高果面光洁度和外观品质，是提高苹果经济效益的重要技术之一，因而这些年来多数苹果产区都采用了这项措施，也收到了预期效果。但各地又先后发现套袋后的果面极易发生黑点病，严重影响了苹果外观的清秀美感。经过果树科技工作者和果农们的试验研究，现已弄清了黑点病发生的机理和防治方法。     

浙江地区防治蜜蜂白垩病的综合措施

浙江地区防治蜜蜂白垩病的综合措施浙江省蜜蜂白垩病综合防治研究课题组蜜蜂白垩病在世界很多国家均有发生。我国大陆首例白晋病发生在１９９０年９月浙江省缙云县三里蜂场。１９９１年起，迅速蔓延到全国大部分地区蜂场，给养蜂生产造成巨大经济损失。现将我省防治白垩病...     

68.75%噁酮.锰锌水分散粒剂对柑橘黑点病的防治效果

柑橘黑点病(Diaporthe citri)是危害柑橘最严重的病害之一,每年需要喷施4-5次杀菌剂进行防治,为明确68.75%噁酮.锰锌WG对柑橘果实黑点病的防治效果,分别在浙江黄岩和常山进行了田间试验。结果发现黄岩试验点68.75%噁酮.锰锌WG 500倍全程5次对黑点病的防治效果为84.79%、常山试验点同样药剂800倍全程4次对黑点病的防治效果为74.10%,效果不亚于常规推荐的杀菌剂代森锰锌,说明68.75%噁酮.锰锌WG 500-800倍在柑橘花谢2/3后开始第一次用药,隔20-25天喷施一次,共用药4-5次,可有效防治柑橘黑点病。     

云南昭通地区苹果黑星病药剂防治技术研究

为了筛选出适宜云南昭通地区防治苹果黑星病的优良杀菌剂,采用田间小区试验方法,进行了6种杀菌剂(组合)的田间药效试验,结果表明,参试的6种杀菌剂(组合)在推荐剂量使用时,对苹果生长发育均无不良影响。且6种药剂对苹果黑星病均具有较好的防治效果,在施药10d后保护效果均在60%以上,其中20%氟唑菌酰羟胺SC和200g/L氟酰羟﹒苯甲唑SC对苹果叶片和果实的保护效果均高于90%,防效显著,生产上可作为首选药剂广泛推广使用。其次是40%苯醚甲环唑SC和40%腈菌唑SC对苹果黑星病的防治效果较理想,对苹果叶片和果实的防治效果在80%以上,可作为防治苹果黑星病的有效药剂与首选药剂交替喷施。     

柑橘绿斑病的药剂田间防治试验

为筛选出高效、低毒、经济的柑橘绿斑病防治药剂,2016年-2017年在重庆永川区吉安镇黄沙村柑橘园采用生石灰粉、99.5%冰醋酸液、29%石硫合剂水剂和硫酸铜4种药剂对柑橘绿斑病进行了田间防治试验,结果表明,4种药剂的各处理对柑橘绿斑病均有防治效果,其中生石灰粉50倍液和80倍液与99.5%冰醋酸液100倍液和150倍液处理的防治效果较好,防效分别是84.40%、79.49%、84.44%和79.53%,经方差分析,4个处理之间差异不显著,其它处理防治效果较差,综合考虑,建议生产上使用生石灰粉80倍液防治柑橘绿斑病。     

家蚕微粒子病化学疗法的研究简报

<正> 家蚕微粒子病是危害蚕种生产的主要蚕病,迄今为止最有效的预防措施仍是母蛾镜检法和淘汰有毒蚕种,以杜绝该病的胚种传染。对该病原的食下感染,目前国内外都是从预防着手,致力于高水平消毒药剂和消毒方法的开发。对已造成感染后的治疗研究,尤其化学治疗的研究还未有关键性突破。本试验通过近3年的努力,经过10多次的配方改进,已找到一种由3种成分复合而成的化学制剂,给蚕儿食下后,对家蚕微粒子病有一定的预防与治疗效果。目前将该药剂暂定名为“原虫净”,本文将部分研究结果简报如下:     

柑桔大实蝇防治新技术研究

本文介绍了柑桔大实蝇防治的一种新技术。该技术的关键是,在成虫羽化期于桔园及其周围杂草上喷施诱杀剂,诱杀刚羽化出土的成虫,使用药剂为自配糖醋敌百虫诱杀剂,防治效果达99.81%,新技术的防治效果显著优于常规防治技术树冠诱杀所采用的点喷和挂瓶方式的防治效果,常规树冠诱杀使用药剂分别为：果瑞特、猎蝇、诱粘,防治效果分别为61.67%、59.53%、57.47%。     

雏鸡痛风的发生及防治措施

家禽痛风是由于家禽体内核蛋白代谢发生障碍、尿酸形成过多并在体内蓄积的一种代谢性疾病,以各器官和关节组织内蓄积多量尿酸盐为其主要特征。其发病因素复杂,包括蛋白质、能量水平、矿物质、维生素、霉菌毒素、疾病、环境、用药和遗传因素     

绿僵菌防治草原蝗虫田间效果

2种剂型绿僵菌Metarhizium flavoviride防治草原蝗虫效果试验表明:绿僵菌饵剂手撒后,祁连山痴蝗Bryodema qilianshanenensis等几种蝗虫的死亡率随着时间的延长而逐渐增高.大田样筐取样调查显示:7 d的平均虫口密度由52.3头/m2降至17.6头/m2,防效66.5%,12 d的平均虫口密度降至11.8头/m2,防效76.7%;在绿僵菌油剂中,按1:1:3的比例加入绿百克和0号柴油,静电超低容量喷洒于蝗虫暴发区后,其防效较绿僵菌饵剂有所提高,大田样筐取样调查显示:7 d平均虫口密度由39.1头/m2降至9.4头/m2,防效75.8%,12 d的平均虫口密度降至5.6头/m2,防效84.6%;蝗虫感病试验观察发现:施药后3～4 d出现感病死虫,此时的虫态多为4～5龄若虫,成虫的死亡出现在施药后25 d;2种试验剂型的持续控制效果较好,施药后37 d收集僵虫时,成虫仍在陆续死亡;绿僵菌对其他草地昆虫无害,无二次中毒,不污染环境,具有推广价值.     

肉鸡大肠杆菌病的药物防治措施

由于大肠杆菌血清型多,且极易产生耐药性,给临床用药造成很大困难.本文详细阐述了肉鸡大肠杆菌病的药物预防措施和对发病鸡群的治疗措施.     

Assessment of the combination of spinosad and milbemycin oxime in preventing the development of canine Angiostrongylus vasorum infections

Angiostrongylus vasorum is an increasingly reported parasite in Europe that develops in dogs after ingestion of infective third stage larvae (L3) that reside in gastropod molluscs which are needed to complete the parasite's life-cycle. Infection can produce a diversity of clinical signs, determined by involvement of the respiratory, neurological, and/or coagulation system, with a likely fatal outcome in the absence of treatment. Few drugs have been shown to reliably prevent infection, and data on treatment of infections is limited. A controlled, randomized, partially blinded laboratory study was therefore executed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination tablet of spinosad/milbemycin oxime in dogs inoculated with approximately 250 A. vasorum L3. Sixteen healthy nematode free adult dogs were randomly allocated to two study groups of 8 dogs each. Thirty days post inoculation (dpi) all dogs in the fed state were treated: dogs in group B were treated with spinosad and milbemycin oxime at the dose rates of 45–60 mg/kg and 0.75–1.0 mg/kg bodyweight, respectively, approximately the lower half portion of the expected full unit dose range; dogs in group A were treated with placebo tablets. All dogs were euthanized and necropsied 56–58 dpi. The heart and lungs were examined to determine the presence of A. vasorum. All placebo group dogs were infected at necropsy with counts ranging from 22 to 98 adult worms and a geometric mean worm count of 55.2. In contrast, the geometric mean worm count in the spinosad/milbemycin oxime group was 0.7 with worm numbers ranging from 0 to 8. The results of this study demonstrate that a single treatment with the tablet combination of spinosad and milbemycin oxime administered 30 dpi provided 98.8% preventive efficacy against development of adult A. vasorum infections. Monthly treatments with spinosad and milbemycin oxime have the potential to prevent the establishment of infections with A. vasorum in dogs.     

Efficacy of a commercial vaccine for preventing disease caused by influenza virus infection in horses.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy of a commercial vaccine for prevention of infectious upper respiratory tract disease (IURD) caused by equine influenza virus. DESIGN: Double-masked, randomized, controlled field trial. ANIMALS: 462 horses stabled at a Thoroughbred racetrack. PROCEDURE: Vaccine or saline solution placebo was administered 4 times in the population at 6-week intervals. The vaccine contained 3 strains of inactivated influenza virus, and inactivated equine herpesvirus type 4. Horses received 1 or 2 doses of vaccine or placebo prior to onset of a natural influenza epidemic, and were examined 5 d/wk to identify and monitor horses with IURD. Serum antibody concentrations were determined, and virus isolation was performed. RESULTS: Vaccination of horses prior to the influenza epidemic did not result in significant decrease in risk of developing respiratory tract disease. Severity of clinical disease was not different between affected vaccinated horses with IURD and controls with IURD, but median duration of clinical disease was 3 days shorter in vaccinated horses. Serum concentrations of antibodies to H3N8 influenza viruses were lower prior to initial vaccination in horses that were sick during the epidemic, and did not increase in these horses in response to vaccination. On arrival at the racetrack, young horses had lower antibody concentrations than older horses, and did not respond to vaccination as well. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Vaccination was of questionable benefit. A greater degree of protection must be obtained for influenza vaccines to be effective in protecting horses from IURD. Objective field evaluations of commercial vaccines are needed to adequately document their efficacy.     

应用微生态制剂防治羔羊腹泻的效果及增重试验

应用自制的微生态制剂对来自门源县皇城乡放牧母羊所产的325只羔羊进行预防、治疗羔羊腹泻的效果观察,结果:在预防羔羊腹泻的效果观察中,试验I、II组腹泻率比对照组分别降低8.3%和8%,成活率分别提高10.3%和9.1%,试验组与对照组之间差异极显著(P<1.00);在治疗羔羊腹泻的效果观察中,应用微生态制剂治疗羔羊腹泻效果明显优于抗生素组;在对增重试验中试验I、II组与对照组相比,微生态制剂在提高羔羊日增重方面效果明显,2个试验组与对照组之间均显示差异极显著(P<0.01),但不同的微生态制剂对增重效果存在一定的差异。     

北京市启动防控高致病性禽流感应急Ⅱ级响应

北京市卫生局根据卫生部授权通报,北京市朝阳区发现一例人感染禽流感病例.北京市防治重大动物疫病指挥部第一时间下发紧急通知,部署高致病性禽流感防控工作,强化各项防控措施.